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| 1 | Characteristics of Settings and Etiologic Agents of Foodborne Disease Outbreaks—China,2020显示文摘Introduction:Foodborne diseases are a growing public health problem and have caused a large burden of disease in China.This study analyzed epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases in China in 2020 to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control measures.Methods:Data were collected from 30 of 31 provincial-level administrative divisions(PLADs)in the mainland of China,excluding Xizang(Tibet)Autonomous Region,via the National Foodborne Disease Outbreaks Surveillance System・The number and proportion of outbreaks,illnesses,hospitalizations,deaths by setting,pathogen-food category pairs and etiology were calculated.Results:In 2020,7,073 foodborne disease outbreaks were reported,resulting in 37,454 illnesses and 143 deaths.Among the identified pathogens,microbial pathogens were the most common confirmed etiology,accounting for 41.7%of illnesses.Poisonous mushrooms caused the largest proportion of outbreaks(58.0%)and deaths(57.6%).For venues where foodborne disease outbreaks occur,household had the highest number of outbreaks(4,140)and deaths(128),and catering service locations caused the largest proportion of illnesses(59.9%).Outbreaks occurring between June and September accounted for 62.8%of total outbreaks.Conclusions:Foodborne disease outbreaks mainly occurred in households・Microbial pathogens remained the top cause of outbreak-associated illnesses.Poisonous mushrooms were ranked the top cause of deaths in private homes in China.The supervision and management of food safety and health education should be strengthened to reduce the burden of foodborne diseases・Publicity should be increased to reduce the incidence of mushroom poisonings in families,and supervision and management of food should be strengthened to reduce microbial contamination. | Hongqiu Li Weiwei Li Yue Dai Yuyan Jiang Junhua Liang Santao Wang Maoqiang Zhuang Zheng Huang Lizi Xu Bo Xue Jikai Liu Haihong Han Sara M.Pires Ping Fu Yunchang Guo | 2021 | China CDC weekly2021，3，42： | 14 |
| 2 | Cervical Cancer Screening Coverage — China, 2018–2019显示文摘What is already known about this topic?The World Health Organization set a 2030 target of 70%cervical cancer screening coverage for women aged 35–45 years.Coverage stood at 37%in China in 2015.What is added by this report?In 2018–2019,China’s cervical cancer screening coverage reached 43.4%in women aged 35–44 years and 36.8%in women aged 35–64 years.Screening coverage was still lower in rural areas as well as central and western regions;large variations existed across provincial-level administrative divisions.What are the implications for public health practice?National and local policy and financial support should be maintained for cervical cancer screening,along with more targeted health education and outreach efforts and strengthened accessibility of health services in the rural areas and central and western regions. | Mei Zhang Yijing Zhong Limin Wang Heling Bao Zhengjing Huang Zhenping Zhao Xiao Zhang Chun Li Kelly Liang Sun Jing Wu Xiaoying Zheng Linhong Wang | 2022 | China CDC weekly2022，4，48： | 11 |
| 3 | Machine learning assisted design of γ′-strengthened Co-base superalloys with multi-performance optimization显示文摘Designing a material with multiple desired properties is a great challenge,especially in a complex material system.Here,we propose a material design strategy to simultaneously optimize multiple targeted properties of multi-component Co-base superalloys via machine learning.The microstructural stability,γ′solvus temperature,γ′volume fraction,density,processing window,freezing range,and oxidation resistance were simultaneously optimized. | Pei Liu Haiyou Huang Stoichko Antonov Cheng Wen Dezhen Xue Houwen Chen Longfei Li Qiang Feng Toshihiro Omori Yanjing Su | 2020 | npj Computational Materials2020，，1： | 8 |
| 4 | Field Simulation of Aerosol Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a Special Building Layout—Guangdong Province,China,2021显示文摘What is already known on this topic?Aerosol transmission was one route for the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)and usually occurred in confined spaces.What is added by this report?Aerosol transmission was found to exist between handshake buildings,i.e.,buildings with extremely close proximity that formed relatively enclosed spaces.Transmission was mainly affected by the airflow layout caused by switching air conditioners on and off as well as opening and closing doors and windows.What are the implications for public health practice?Centralized isolation and home isolation in handshake buildings creates a risk of SARS-CoV-2 aerosol transmission under certain conditions.Attention should be paid to the influence of air distribution layout on aerosol diffusion in isolation wards,and disinfection of isolation venues should be strengthened. | Zhuona Zhang Xia Li Qin Wang Jin Xu Qinqin Jiang Sili Jiang Jiayun Lyu Shiqiang Liu Ling Ye Jun Yuan Wenru Feng Dongqun Xu | 2021 | China CDC weekly2021，3，34： | 8 |
| 5 | Interfacial microstructure evolution and bonding mechanisms of 14YWT alloys produced by hot compression bonding显示文摘Hot compression bonding was first used to join oxide-dispersion-strengthened ferrite steels(14 YWT)under temperatures of 750–1100℃ with a true strain range of 0.11–0.51. Subsequently, the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of the joints were characterized, revealing that the 14 YWT steels could be successfully bonded at a temperature of at least 950℃ with a true strain of 0.22, without degrading the fine grain and nanoparticle distribution, and the presence of inclusions or micro-voids along the bonding interface. Moreover, the joints had nearly the same tensile properties at room temperature and exhibited a similar fracture morphology with sufficient dimples compared to that of the base material. An electron backscattered diffraction technique and transmission electron microscopy were systematically employed to study the evolution of hot deformed microstructures. The results showed that continuous dynamic recrystallization characterized by progressive subgrain rotation occurred in this alloy, but discontinuous dynamic recrystallization characterized by strain-induced grain boundary bulging and subsequent bridging sub-boundary rotation was the dominant nucleation mechanism. The nuclei will grow with ongoing deformation, which will contribute to the healing of the original bonding interface. | Liying Zhou Shaobo Feng Mingyue Sun Bin Xu Dianzhong Li | 2019 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2019，35，8： | 6 |
| 6 | A Foodborne Bongkrekic Acid Poisoning Incident--Heilongjiang Province,2020显示文摘What is already known on this topic?Poisoning incidents caused by bongkrekic acid(BA),one of the metabolites of Burkholderia gladioli pathovar cocovenenans(B.cocovenenans),have been reported in Indonesia,Mozambique,and China.The reported case fatality rates averaged 60%,32%,and 26.5%,respectively.In China,B.cocovenenans is often called Pseudomonas cocovenenans subsp.farinofermentans.What is added by this report?In October 2020,9 persons in Jidong County,Heilongjiang Province died after consuming a homemade fermented corn flour product—sour soup—with a case fatality rate of 100%.BA was detected in both food samples and biological samples with a content of 330 mg/kg and 3 mg/L,respectively.The doses of BA consumed by the cases were approximately 22-33 times the lethal dose in human.What are the implications for public health practice?The consumption of fermented corn flour products,deteriorated fresh tremella,or black fungus and metamorphic starch products may cause BA poisoning.Health education should be strengthened so that homemade-starch-fermented food should be avoided and foods that have been kept for a long time should not be consumed.Meanwhile,training and emergency capacity building for primary healthcare workers should be strengthened to provide timely diagnosis and response. | Yuan Yuan Rui Gao Qiang Liang Li Song Jun Huang Nan Lang Jing Zhou | 2020 | China CDC weekly2020，2，51： | 5 |
| 7 | Epidemiological Characteristics of Human Anthrax-China,2018-2021显示文摘Introduction:The epidemic of human anthrax is at a low level in China in recent years,but the reported incidence increased in 2021.In order to understand the current landscape of research and knowledge about anthrax in China,the epidemiological characteristics of anthrax in humans from 2018 to 2021 were analyzed and the prevention and control suggestions were proposed.Methods:Surveillance data of anthrax in humans and livestock,together with human outbreaks data during 2018-2021,were collected and analyzed by descriptive statistics methods.The number and proportion of outbreaks,cases and deaths by provincial-level administrative divisions(PLADs),clinical types,and contributing factors were calculated.Results:A total of 1,244 cases of human anthrax and 53 outbreaks were reported from 2018 to 2021 in China.While the incidence of anthrax declined from 2018 to 2020,it increased in 2021.The regions of anthrax were mainly located in the west and the northeast PLADs of China,though cases were reported in some central and eastern PLADs in 2021.Young and middle-aged men involved in animal husbandry were found to be at a higher risk of anthrax.All the reported outbreaks were associated with the exposure of infected livestock.A total of 296 livestock anthrax cases were reported.Conclusions:The increased incidence and wider geographical distribution of human anthrax in 2021 were found to be the result of inadequate supervision of diseased animals as well as updated diagnostic criteria.As such,the monitoring of risk factors and emergency preparation procedures should be strengthened at the national level.In addition,it is also critical to strengthen health education for high-risk occupational groups and strengthen professional training for local clinicians.Finally,more measures should be carried out to strengthen anthrax surveillance in livestock husbandry. | Huijuan Zhang Enmin Zhang Mu Guo Jinrong He Wei Li Jianchun Wei | 2022 | China CDC weekly2022，4，35： | 4 |
| 8 | LOW-FREQUENCY SUMMER MONSOON IN INDONESIA-NORTHERN AUSTRALIA AND ITS RELATION TO CIRCULATIONS IN BOTH HEMISPHERES显示文摘In terms of the expansion by extended empirical orthogonal function (EEOF) with data of ECMWFWMO and of outgoing longwave radiation(OLR) furnished by the NOAA polar-orbiting satellite,a study ismade of November 1981 to March 1982 low-frequency (30--60 day)summer monsoon activity in the Indone-sian-North Australian zone (INAZ) together with its relation to atmospheric circulations in the Northern andSouthern Hemispheres. Results show that at 850 hPa the southward blowing low-frequency NE(SW)wind from the eastern Asiancoast changes, after crossing the euqator, to summer NW (SE) monsoon in the INAZ, which, when convergingwith (diverging from) the western-Australian enforced low-frequency SW (NE) wind, brings about strengthened(weakened) convection in the summer monsoon area and its eastward advance, with corresponding low-frequency variation shown in 850 hPa geopotential height. These outcomes are similar to those from the studyof non-filtered actual observations, leading to the conclusion that the component of low-frequency variationillustrates major features characteristic of the variation in the tropical circulation. | 朱乾根 智协飞 雷兆崇 | 1990 | Acta meteorologica Sinica1990，4，5： | 3 |
| 9 | Structure evolution of Y_2O_3 nanoparticle/Fe composite during mechanical milling and annealing显示文摘Fe-25 wt% Y2O3composite powders have been fabricated by mechanical milling(MM) Fe powders of 100 μm in diameter and Y2O3nanoparticles in an argon atmosphere for the milling periods of4,8,12,24,36,and 48 h,respectively.The features of these powders were characterized by using X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron probe micro analyzer(EPMA) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The experimental results showed that the mean particle size and crystalline size of MM powders decreased with the milling time increasing.All the elements distributed homogenously inside the powders after 48 h of MM.The lattice constant of the matrix α-Fe kept constant with the milling time,and no solid solution took place during MM process.After 8 h of MM,the α-Fe in each powder became nanocrystalline.After 48 h of MM,Y2O3changes from nanostructure into amorphous structure,and the crystalline size of α-Fe further decreased to 10 nm.The Y2O3in the powders mechanically milled for 48 h kept the amorphous structure after being annealed at 400 1C,and starts to crystallize when the powders are annealed at 600 1C.The amorphous Y2O3contains a small amount of Fe,and crystalline FeYO3appears at 800 1C. | Tong Liu Hailong Shen Chenxi Wang Wusheng Chou | 2013 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2013，23，4： | 2 |
| 10 | Influence of nano-scaled dispersed second phase on substructure of deformed dispersion strengthened copper alloy显示文摘The deformation behavior of dispersion strengthened copper alloy Cu-Al2O3 was studied by TEM. The results show that nano-scaled dispersed second phase not only increases dislocation density in matrix, but also has an important influence on the dislocation substructure. The presence of fine dispersed Al2 O3 particles results in a uniform and random dislocation distribution in matrix copper and causes the difficulty in formation of dislocation cell structure and the decrease in the amount of cell structure during deformation. Deformation gives rise to much more dislocations and dislocation cells form more difficultly and the decrease in the cell size with the increase of dispersion degree. | CHENG Jian-yi WANG Ming-pu CAO Jian-guo ZHAO Xue-long GUO Ming-xing | 2005 | Journal of Central South University of Technology2005，12，z1： | 2 |
| 11 | Hot Hydrostatic Extrusion of Mechanically Alloyed Al-4.9Fe-4.9Ni Powders显示文摘Al-4.9 Fe-4.9 Ni alloy powders have been synthesized by mechanical alloying. The rnechanically alloyed powders are consolidated by hot hydrostatic extrusion. The results show that extrusion tempereture. extrusion ratio and lubricant have great effects on the quality of extruded rods and their mechanical properties, The mixture of graphite and glass powders as lubricant can prevent the oxidization of cold compacted billet by cladding the billet with this lubricant before heating. This technique greatly simplifies the conventional densification process of | Guoxian LIANG Zhimin LI and Erde WANG (Dept. of Metals Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China)(To whom correspondence should be addressed) | 1994 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology1994，10，4： | 2 |
| 12 | Tuberculosis in Schools and Requirements for Prevention and Control in China显示文摘In recent years,although tuberculosis(TB)control in schools has achieved success to some extent,TB outbreaks still occur in schools from time to time.There are gaps in the response to TB outbreaks,which should be identified and addressed through a series of integrated measures that should be implemented and further strengthened.This article summarizes the circumstances of TB outbreaks in schools,their characteristics,and experiences and lessons that can be learned to improve TB prevention and control. | Hui Chen Yinyin Xia Canyou Zhang Hui Zhang Jun Cheng Yanlin Zhao | 2021 | China CDC weekly2021，3，3： | 2 |
| 13 | Strengthened Indian summer monsoon brought more rainfall to the western Tibetan Plateau during the early Holocene显示文摘The Tibetan Plateau(TP)is considered to be the‘‘Third Pole”of the earth because of its huge area(5 million km2),its high elevation(>4000 m average altitude),and the presence of more than 100,000 km2 of glaciers in this northern mid-latitude region.As a result of these factors,the TP influences both short-term regional and large-scale atmospheric circulation and long-term climate change[1].More than ten large rivers originate from the TP and constitute an essential water supply for nearly one sixth of the global population.Hence the TP is often referred to as‘‘the water tower of Asia”[1,2].Variations of summer rainfall over the TP greatly impact inland closed lakes,river discharge,glaciers,plant phenology,and natural hazards[2]. | Xiangjun Liu Xiaojian Zhang Yanluan Lin Liya Jin Fahu Chen | 2019 | Science Bulletin2019，64，20： | 1 |
| 14 | ACCEL: an efflcient and privacy-preserving federated logistic regression scheme over vertically partitioned data显示文摘Dear editor,With the age of big data coming, massive data are being generated distributedly all the time and stored as the form of data islands;meanwhile, data privacy and security are strengthened with the introduction of some privacy laws, which thus bring huge challenges to traditional centralized machine learning. Consequently, federated learning(FL) [1], which can construct global machine learning models over multiple participants while keeping their data localized, gains widespread attention and shows its vast prospects in many fields [2]. | Jiaqi ZHAO Hui ZHU Fengwei WANG Rongxing LU Hui LI Zhongmin ZHOU Haitao WAN | 2022 | Science China(Information Sciences)2022，65，7： | 1 |
| 15 | Relationship of the Yttrium Compounds with the Alloying Method in ODS Ferritic Stainless Steel显示文摘RelationshipoftheYttriumCompoundswiththe AlloyingMethodinODSFerriticStainlessSteelZhangYong(张勇);ChenMingbiao(陈明彪);WuChengJian... | 张勇 陈明彪 吴承建 | 1995 | Journal of Rare Earths1995，13，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Effects of administrative region changes on drinking water-born endemic fluorosis areas in Hangzhou显示文摘Objective To investigate the effects of administrative region changes on prevention and control of fluorosis,in order to provide a scientific basis for evaluation and improvement of prevention and control measures.Methods An investigation was conducted in all drinking water-born endemic fluorosis areas in Hangzhou in 2017,to evaluate the status quo of water-improving defluoridation projects,measure the water fluoride content with“the Standard Detection Methods for Domestic Drinking Water”(GB/T 5750.7-2006),detect the dental fluorosis with Dean method and the urinary fluoride content by fluoride selective electrode method in children aged 8 to 12 years old.Results The historical endemic fluorosis areas in Hangzhou now involved 38 natural villages of 22 administrative villages in 8 townships of 5 counties(cities and districts).All villages had completed water-improving projects which were running well as the fluoride contents of drinking water were less than 1.00 mg/L.The detection rate of dental fluorosis was 1.13%(9/795)among children aged 8-12 years.A total of 198 urine samples were tested,the urinary fluoride content varied from 0.12 to 2.90 mg/L,and the geometric mean was 0.77 mg/L.Conclusion Administrative region changes do not influence the effect of water-improving defluoridation projects,but management and monitoring of the water-improving projects still should be strengthened. | 霍亮亮 | 2019 | China Medical Abstracts(Internal Medicine)2019，36，3： | 0 |
| 17 | ON A PROBLEM OF A. ZYGMUND显示文摘In a paper, Marcinkiewicz shows that, if a periodic and integrable function f(x) satisfies the | 王斯雷 | 1966 | Chinese Science Bulletin1966，24，4： | 0 |
| 18 | The Collins Formula Applied in Optical Image Encryption显示文摘We propose a novel method for image encryption,which is realized by the Collins formula with the random shifting method.The Collins formula can denote different optical transforms by one expression with different ABCD elements.For a generalized optical system,the ABCD elements can be randomly chosen,so the keys are increased and the security of the system is strengthened.Finally,some computer simulations are given for different encryption systems to prove the possibilities.The encryption effect is good,and people without the correct keys can not obtain the information easily. | 陈林飞 赵道木 毛海丹 葛凡 管瑞霞 | 2013 | Chinese Physics Letters2013，30，4： | 0 |
| 19 | Strengthening the Study of Xi Jinping’s Eco-Civilization Thinking显示文摘In the report delivered at the Nineteenth National Congress of the Community Party of China(CPC), the guidelines and strategy to promote ecological progress were included in a broader context of Xi Jinping’s thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era. It is significant for us to advance the studies on the theory and practice of ecocivilization, and meanwhile, it has set higher political and theoretical requirements. | HUAN Qingzhi | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies2019，7，2： | 0 |
| 20 | World's Energy Transition and Chinese-style Modern Energy Revolution under Carbon Neutrality(Ⅰ)显示文摘Under global consensus on carbon neutrality and the intensification of regional conflicts,new energy has become the primary direction for various countries to achieve energy security and green development.Represented by wind,solar,geothermal,hydrogen and stored energy,and controllable nuclear fusion,the technological and scale advantages of new energy are being continuously strengthened.Low-cost wind,solar,and stored energy will support the global energy transition.The production and utilization of new energy enter a rapid development phase.In 2022,the average global consumption of new energy accounted for 18.2%,and it is expected to reach around 55%by 2050.The distribution of the world's energy resources,consumption regions,technological development,per capita consumption,energy-saving fields,and carbon emissions is uneven.The acceleration of low-carbon development in fossil fuels,the scale-up of renewable energy,and the intelligentization of energy management drives the rapid transition of global energy. | Zou Caineng Xiong Bo Li Shixiang Ma Feng Pan Songqi Liu Hanlin Zhang Guosheng Zhao Qun Guan Chunxiao | 2024 | China Oil & Gas2024，31，1： | 0 |
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