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| 1 | Numerical simulations and comparative analysis for two types of storm surges in the Bohai Sea using a coupled atmosphere-ocean model显示文摘The Bohai Sea is extremely susceptible to storm surges induced by extratropical storms and tropical cyclones in nearly every season. In order to relieve the impacts of storm surge disasters on structures and human lives in coastal regions, it is very important to understand the occurring of the severe storm surges. The previous research is mostly restricted to a single type of storm surge caused by extratropical storm or tropical cyclone. In present paper, a coupled atmosphere-ocean model is developed to study the storm surges induced by two types of extreme weather conditions. Two special cases happened in the Bohai Sea are simulated successively. The wind intensity and minimum sea-level pressure derived from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model agree well with the observed data. The computed time series of water level obtained from the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) also are in good agreement with the tide gauge observations. The structures of the wind fields and average currents for two types of storm surges are analyzed and compared. The results of coupled model are compared with those from the uncoupled model. The case studies indicate that the wind field and structure of the ocean surface current have great differences between extratropical storm surge and typhoon storm surge. The magnitude of storm surge in the Bohai Sea is shown mainly determined by the ocean surface driving force, but greatly affected by the coastal geometry and bathymetry. | Yong Li Xin Chen Xingyu Jiang Jianfen Li Lizhu Tian | 2019 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2019，38，9： | 8 |
| 2 | Mesoscale SST perturbation-induced impacts on climatological precipitation in the Kuroshio-Oyashio extension region,as revealed by the WRF simulations显示文摘Mesoscale coupling between perturbations of mesoscale sea surface temperature (SST) and lowlevel winds has been extensively studied using available high-resolution satellite observations. However, the climatological impacts of mesoscale SST perturbations (SST meso ) on the free atmosphere have not been fully understood. In this study, the rectified eff ect of SSTmeso on local climatological precipitation in the Kuroshio- Oyashio Extension (KOE) region is investigated using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model;two runs are performed, one forced by low-resolution SST fields (almost no mesoscale signals) and another by additional high-resolution SSTmeso fields extracted from satellite observations. Climatological precipitation response to SST meso is characterized mainly by enhanced precipitation on the warmer flank of three oceanic SST fronts in this region. The results show that the positive correlation between the 10-m wind speed perturbations and SSTmeso is well captured by the WRF model with a reasonable spatial pattern but relatively weak strength. The addition of SSTmeso improves the climatological precipitation simulated by WRF with a better representation of fine-scale structures compared with satellite observations. A closer examination on the underlying mechanism suggests that while the pressure adjustment mechanism can explain the climatological precipitation enhancement along the fronts and the relatively high contribution of the convective precipitation, other factors such as synoptic events should also be taken into consideration to account for the seasonality of the precipitation response. | GAO Jiaxiang ZHANG Rong-Hua WANG Hongna | 2019 | Journal of Oceanology and Limnology2019，37，2： | 3 |
| 3 | A MODELING STUDY OF INHOMOGENEOUS COASTAL GALES ASSOCIATED WITH THE LANDFALL OF TYPHOON SOUDELOR(2015)显示文摘In this study, coastal gales and rainfall attributed to the landfall of Typhoon Soudelor(2015) are analyzed based on observational dense automatic weather stations data, advanced scatterometer-retrieved 10-m ocean surface wind data and simulations using the Weather Research and Forecast(WRF) model. This study focuses on gale bands in the right-front quadrant of the typhoon and associated coastal winds over Zhejiang and Fujian Provinces in China before the landfall of the typhoon. The results are summarized as follows.(1) 10-m surface wind data from automatic weather stations over land and islands, advanced scatterometer-retrieved 10-m ocean surface wind data, and the WRF simulation indicate similar mesoscale offshore gales.(2) The model simulation with a 333-m grid mesh indicates a gale zone over the right-front quadrant of the typhoon; the gale is 'broken' over the coastal areas, and formed an inhomogeneous gale band.(3) The model-simulated winds agree well with the island observations.(4) Non-uniform gales over boundary layers result in horizontal wind-speed gradients and strong convergence that favors the development of convection and the maintenance of ocean surface gales. | 朱业 张红蕾 陈有利 翟国庆 刘瑞 | 2019 | Journal of Tropical Meteorology2019，25，1： | 1 |
| 4 | A Heavy Rainfall Event in Autumn over Beijing--Atmospheric Circulation Background and Hindcast Simulation Using WRF显示文摘Heavy rainfall events often occur in Beijing during summer but rarely in autumn. However,during 3-5 September2015, an exceptionally heavy rainfall event occurred in Beijing. Based on the reanalysis data and the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) model simulations, the main contributing factors and the predictability of this heavy rainfall event were examined through comprehensive analyses of vorticity advection and water vapor transport/budget. The results indicate that a 'high-in-the-east-low-in-the-west' pattern of 500-hPa geopotential height over the Beijing area played an important role. The 850-hPa low-level jet(LLJ) provided a mechanism for rising motion and transported abundant water vapor into the Beijing area. Two-way nested hindcast experiments using WRF well reproduced the atmospheric circulation and LLJ. Quantitative analysis indicates that the WRF model with the rapid update cycle(RUC) land surface scheme and the single-moment 6-class(WSM6) microphysics scheme exhibited the best skill, and the model performance improved with a higher resolution. Further analysis indicates that the bias in the precipitation forecast was caused by the bias in water vapor transport. | Xiangrui LI Ke FAN Entao YU | 2018 | Journal of Meteorological Research2018，32，3： | 1 |
| 5 | EFFECT OF DRY COLD AIR ACTIVITY ON THE OFFSHORE RAPID INTENSIFICATION OF SUPER TYPHOON SAOMAI(2006): A NUMERICAL SIMULATION RESEARCH显示文摘Employing the mesoscale WRF(Weather Research and Forecast) model, Super Typhoon Saomai(2006) is simulated. The variation of track and intensity and its offshore rapid intensification process are well demonstrated by the model, and the temperature and humidity patterns associated with the dry cold air activity and their impact on and mechanism of the offshore rapid intensification of Saomai are mainly studied in this paper. The results indicate that high-resolution water vapor imagery can visually reveal the development, evolution, interaction as well as the mutual complementation of the dry cold air activity accompanied with the development of Saomai. The offshore rapid intensification phenomenon of Saomai is closely related to the dry cold air which originates from the upper- and mid-troposphere. Besides, the dry cold air from the upper troposphere is stronger than that from the mid-troposphere.Saomai intensifies as the dry cold air from the northwest moves toward its circulation but weakens when the dry cold air from the southwest is drawn into the storm. Dry cold airflows and their cold advection effect caused by the downward motion across the isentropic surface are favorable to the development of Saomai. The dry cold air always moves along an isentropic surface from the upper troposphere to the mid-troposphere around the typhoon circulation and contributes to Saomai's abrupt intensity change. | 于玉斌 赵大军 陈联寿 | 2016 | Journal of Tropical Meteorology2016，22，4： | 0 |
| 6 | Establishment and Test of a Lightning Potential Prediction Index显示文摘The mesoscale forecasting model WRF is used to simulate two strong convective weather processes accompanied by lightning in Qinghai Province,and the simulated lightning potential index (LPI) and the observed lightning are compared.Finally,the application of LPI in another lightening case is examined.The results show that the simulated LPI corresponds well to the observed lightning in time.In terms of spatial distribution,the simulated LPI tends to be consistent with the observed lightning density,but there are some minor differences in the locations.Therefore,the LPI can be used to forecast lightning density. | Ou Jianfang Qi Haixia Wang Haitao | 2019 | Meteorological and Environmental Research2019，10，5： | 0 |
| 7 | Application of WRF 3DVar to a high-resolution model over Beijing area显示文摘To improve the weather forecasting over the Beijing area for the 2008 Olympic Games,a triple-nested(27/9/3km) WRFVar/WRF system with 3-h update cycle was established.Experiments have been done for a convective event that occurred on August 1,2006.The results showed that the high-resolution rapid update cycle gave a good precipitation forecast;the tunings of background error statistics(BES) and observation-error statistics in WRFVar improved the skill of the precipitation forecast;the BES for the fine domain(3 km) obtained by interpolation from its parent domain(9 km) can be used in 3 km WRFVar as a reasonable approximation.The user can now save a great deal of work related to the derivation of the fine mesh BES from the forecast over a period of time;the rapid update cycle with 3-h frequency has satisfied the forecast,and the update cycle with 1-h frequency was not necessary. | ShuiYong Fan 1*,Y.R.Guo 2,Ming Chen 1,JiQin Zhong 1,YanLi Chu 1,W.Wang 2,X.Y.Huang 2,YingChun Wang 1,Y.H.Kuo 2 1.Institute of Urban Meteorology,Beijing 100089,China.2.National Center for Atmospheric Research,PO.Box 3000,Boulder,CO 80307,USA. | 2009 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2009，1，2： | 0 |
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