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| 1 | 大陆造山运动:从大洋俯冲到大陆俯冲、碰撞、折返的时限--以北祁连山、柴北缘为例显示文摘北祁连山和柴北缘是典型的早古生代大陆造山带,分别发育有北祁连山大洋型俯冲缝合带和柴北缘大陆型俯冲碰撞带。作为早古生代大洋冷俯冲的典型代表,北祁连山经历了从新元古代-寒武纪大洋扩张、奥陶纪俯冲和闭合及早泥盆世隆升造山的过程。高压变质岩变质年龄为490~440Ma,证明古祁连洋经历了至少50m.y.的俯冲过程。柴北缘超高压变质带是大陆深俯冲的结果,岩石学、地球化学和同位素年代学表明,柴北缘超高压变质带中榴辉岩的原岩分别来自洋壳和陆壳两种环境。高压/超高压变质的蛇绿岩原岩的年龄为517±11Ma,与祁连山蛇绿岩年龄一致。榴辉岩早期的变质年龄为443~473Ma,与祁连山高压变质年龄一致,代表大洋地壳俯冲的时代,而柯石英片麻岩和石榴橄榄岩所限定的超高压变质时代为420~426Ma,代表大陆俯冲的年龄。从大洋俯冲结束到大陆俯冲最大深度的转换时间最少需要20m.y.。自420Ma起,俯冲的大洋岩石圈与跟随俯冲的大陆岩石圈断离,大陆地壳开始折返,发生隆升和造山。北祁连山和柴北缘两个不同类型的高压-超高压变质带反映了早古生代从大洋俯冲到大陆俯冲、隆升折返的造山过程。 | 宋述光 牛耀龄 张立飞 张贵宾 | 2009 | 岩石学报2009，25，9： | 99 |
| 2 | Deep Web数据集成研究综述显示文摘随着World Wide Web(WWW)的飞速发展,Deep Web中蕴含了海量的可供访问的信息,并且还在迅速地增长.这些信息要通过查询接口在线访问其后端的Web数据库.尽管丰富的信息蕴藏在Deep Web中,由于Deep Web数据的异构性和动态性,有效地把这些信息加以利用是一件十分挑战性的工作.Deep Web数据集成至今仍然是一个新兴的研究领域,其中包含有若干需要解决的问题.总体来看,在该领域已经开展了大量的研究工作,但各个方面发展并不均衡.文中提出了一个Deep Web数据集成的系统架构,依据这个系统架构对Deep Web数据集成领域中若干关键研究问题的现状进行了回顾总结,并对未来的研究发展方向作了较为深入的探讨分析. | 刘伟 孟小峰 孟卫一 | 2007 | 计算机学报2007，30，9： | 136 |
| 3 | Failure mechanism and coupled static-dynamic loading theory in deep hard rock mining: A review显示文摘Rock failure phenomena,such as rockburst,slabbing(or spalling) and zonal disintegration,related to deep underground excavation of hard rocks are frequently reported and pose a great threat to deep mining.Currently,the explanation for these failure phenomena using existing dynamic or static rock mechanics theory is not straightforward.In this study,new theory and testing method for deep underground rock mass under coupled static-dynamic loading are introduced.Two types of coupled loading modes,i.e.'critical static stress + slight disturbance' and 'elastic static stress + impact disturbance',are proposed,and associated test devices are developed.Rockburst phenomena of hard rocks under coupled static-dynamic loading are successfully reproduced in the laboratory,and the rockburst mechanism and related criteria are demonstrated.The results of true triaxial unloading compression tests on granite and red sandstone indicate that the unloading can induce slabbing when the confining pressure exceeds a certain threshold,and the slabbing failure strength is lower than the shear failure strength according to the conventional Mohr-Column criterion.Numerical results indicate that the rock unloading failure response under different in situ stresses and unloading rates can be characterized by an equivalent strain energy density.In addition,we present a new microseismic source location method without premeasuring the sound wave velocity in rock mass,which can efficiently and accurately locate the rock failure in hard rock mines.Also,a new idea for deep hard rock mining using a non-explosive continuous mining method is briefly introduced. | Xibing Li Fengqiang Gong Ming Tao Longjun Dong Kun Du Chunde Ma Zilong Zhou Tubing Yin | 2017 | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering2017，9，4： | 68 |
| 4 | 不同超脉冲二氧化碳点阵激光模式联合治疗面颈部增生性瘢痕的临床效果显示文摘目的探讨超脉冲二氧化碳点阵激光的超脉冲模式联合DeepFX模式/ScaarFX模式治疗面颈部增生性瘢痕患者的效果。方法2012年1月-2015年1月,湖南省人民医院收治符合入选标准的158例面颈部增生性瘢痕患者。清洁瘢痕区域并给予复方利多卡因乳膏表面麻醉后,采用超脉冲二氧化碳点阵激光中的超脉冲模式(能量为150~175mJ,频率为40Hz,孔与孔之间距离为4mm或5mm,每孔治疗时间为2s或3s)治疗。对轻度瘢痕,加用DeepFX模式(能量为30~50mJ,频率为300Hz,密度为5%)治疗;对中、重度瘢痕,加用ScaarFX模式(能量为80~150mJ,频率为300Hz,密度为3%)治疗。上述治疗共进行3次,每次间隔3个月,每次时长10~15min。每次治疗后创面予以保湿、防晒处理。首次治疗前及3次治疗后半年,使用温哥华瘢痕量表(VSS)和北卡罗来纳大学瘢痕量表评估疗效;3次治疗后半年,统计患者对疗效满意度和误工时间。记录整个治疗过程中的不良反应。对数据行t检验。结果(1)治疗3次后半年,患者的VSS评分为(3.1±1.0)分,明显低于首次治疗前[(9.4±1.8)分,t=53.096,P〈0.05];患者的北卡罗来纳大学瘢痕量表评分为(1.6±0.7)分,亦明显低于首次治疗前[(8.0±1.4)分,t=63.730,P〈0.05]。(2)治疗3次后半年,150例患者对疗效感到非常满意,6例患者满意,2例患者较为满意。患者的误工时间为10~15(10.5±0.3)d。(3)治疗期间,5例患者出现轻微红斑,自行消失;6例患者首次治疗后2周出现色素沉着,2例患者首次治疗后3d出现瘙痒、红疹,均通过药物治疗改善。结论超脉冲二氧化碳点阵激光的超脉冲模式联合DeepFX/ScaarFX模式治疗患者面颈部增生性瘢痕,疗效确切,不良反应少,值得临床推广应用。 | 雷颖 李石峰 喻亿玲 谭军 | 2016 | 中华烧伤杂志2016，32，8： | 56 |
| 5 | Deep forest显示文摘Current deep-learning models are mostly built upon neural networks, i.e. multiple layers of parameterized differentiable non-linear modules that can be trained by backpropagation. In this paper, we explore the possibility of building deep models based on non-differentiable modules such as decision trees. After a discussion about the mystery behind deep neural networks, particularly by contrasting them with shallow neural networks and traditional machine-learning techniques such as decision trees and boosting machines,we conjecture that the success of deep neural networks owes much to three characteristics, i.e.layer-by-layer processing, in-model feature transformation and sufficient model complexity. On one hand,our conjecture may offer inspiration for theoretical understanding of deep learning; on the other hand, to verify the conjecture, we propose an approach that generates deep forest holding these characteristics. This is a decision-tree ensemble approach, with fewer hyper-parameters than deep neural networks, and its model complexity can be automatically determined in a data-dependent way. Experiments show that its performance is quite robust to hyper-parameter settings, such that in most cases, even across different data from different domains, it is able to achieve excellent performance by using the same default setting. This study opens the door to deep learning based on non-differentiable modules without gradient-based adjustment, and exhibits the possibility of constructing deep models without backpropagation. | Zhi-Hua Zhou Ji Feng | 2019 | National Science Review2019，6，1： | 52 |
| 6 | Deep water bottom current deposition in the northern South China Sea显示文摘There are some active bottom currents on the northern continental slope of the South China Sea (SCS). Reflection seismic profiles show that the bottom current channels occur in the water depth range of 1000 to 2700 m,extending from the NE to the SW,leading to accumulation of discontinuous drifts with higher sedimentation rates on the eastern side of the channel. The stacking pattern of the layers sug-gests that these drifts propagated southwestward,following the direction of the bottom currents. One sedimentary drift to the southeast of the Dongsha Islands has the highest sedimentation rate of 97cm/ka in the last 12 ka. The sedimentary characteristics of the sediment layers indicate that these bottom currents are most likley caused by the water movement of a branch of the West Pacific Ocean Current,which enters the northern SCS via the Bashi Strait. Once formed,the bottom currents trans-port sediments along the northern slope of SCS southwestward and finally disappear into the central basin of the SCS. Due to the bottom current activity,the deep-sea sedimentary process in the northern SCS is complex. | SHAO Lei LI XueJie GENG JianHua PANG Xiong LEI YongChang QIAO PeiJun WANG LiaoLiang WANG HongBin | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，7： | 43 |
| 7 | The State of the Art of Data Science and Engineering in Structural Health Monitoring显示文摘Structural health monitoring (SHM) is a multi-discipline field that involves the automatic sensing of structural loads and response by means of a large number of sensors and instruments, followed by a diagnosis of the structural health based on the collected data. Because an SHM system implemented into a structure automatically senses, evaluates, and warns about structural conditions in real time, massive data are a significant feature of SHM. The techniques related to massive data are referred to as data science and engineering, and include acquisition techniques, transition techniques, management techniques, and processing and mining algorithms for massive data. This paper provides a brief review of the state of the art of data science and engineering in SHM as investigated by these authors, and covers the compressive sampling-based data-acquisition algorithm, the anomaly data diagnosis approach using a deep learning algorithm, crack identification approaches using computer vision techniques, and condition assessment approaches for bridges using machine learning algorithms. Future trends are discussed in the conclusion. | Yuequan Bao Zhicheng Chen Shiyin Wei Yang Xu Zhiyi Tang Hui Li | 2019 | Engineering2019，5，2： | 47 |
| 8 | A numerical study of the South China Sea deep circulation and its relation to the Luzon Strait transport显示文摘A fine-resolution MOM code is used to study the South China Sea basin-scale circulation and its relation to the mass transport through the Luzon Strait. The modal domain includes the South China Sea, part of the East China Sea, and part of the Philippine Sea so that the currents in the vicinity of the Luzon Strait are free to evolve. In addition, all channels between the South China ,Sea and the Indonesian seas are closed so that the focus is on the Luzon Strait transport. The model is driven by specified Philippine Sea currents and by surface heat and salt flux conditions. For simplicity, no windstress is applied at the surface.The simulated Luzon Strait transport and the South China Sea circulation feature a sandwich vertical structure from the surface to the bottom. The Philippine Sea water is simulated to enter the South China Sea at the surface and in the deep ocean and is carried to the southern basin by western boundary currents. At the intermediate depth, the net Luzon Strait transport is out of the South China Sea and is fed by a western boundary current flowing to the north at the base of the thermocline. Corresponding to the western boundary currents, the basin circulation of the South China Sea is cyclonic gyres at the surface and in the abyss but an anti-cyclonic gyre at the intermediate depth. The vorticity balance of the gyre circulation is between the vortex stretching and the meridional change of the planetary vorticity.Based on these facts, it is hypothesized that the Luzon Strait transports are determined by the diapycnal mixing inside the entire South China Sea. The South China Sea plays the role of a 'mixing mill' that mixes the surface and deep waters to return them to the Luzon Strait at the intermediate depth. The gyre structures are consistent with the Stommel and Arons theory (1960), which suggests that the mixlng-induced circulation inside the South China Sea should be cyclonic gyres at the surface and at the bottom but an anti-cyclonic gyre at the intermediate depth. The simulated gyre circulation at the intermediate depth has been confirmed by the dynamic height calculation based on the Levitns hydrography data.The sandwich transports in the Luzon Strait are consistent with recent hydrographic, al observations.Model results suggest that the Kuroshio tends to form a loop current in the northeastern South China Sea. The simulated Kuroshio Loop Current is generated by the pressure head at the Pacific side of the Luzon Strait and is enhanced by theβ- plane effects. The β- plane appears to be of paramount importance to the South China Sea circulation and to the Luzon Strait translports. Without theβ-plane, the Luzon Strait transports would be greatly reduced and the South China Sea circulation would be complete-ly different. | Yuan Dongliang1. Goddard Earth Science and Technology Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore County Code 971, Laboratory for Hydrospheric Processes, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA | 2002 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2002，21，2： | 37 |
| 9 | Endoscopic and surgical resection of T1a/T1b esophageal neoplasms: A systematic review显示文摘AIM: To investigate potential therapeutic recommendations for endoscopic and surgical resection of T1a/ T1b esophageal neoplasms. METHODS: A thorough search of electronic databases MEDLINE, Embase, Pubmed and Cochrane Library, from 1997 up to January 2011 was performed. An analysis was carried out, pooling the effects of outcomes of 4241 patients enrolled in 80 retrospective studies. For comparisons across studies, each reporting on only one endoscopic method, we used a random effects meta-regression of the log-odds of the outcome of treatment in each study. 'Neural networks' as a data mining technique was employed in order to establish a prediction model of lymph node status in superficial submucosal esophageal carcinoma. Another data mining technique, the 'feature selection and root cause analysis', was used to identify the most impor-tant predictors of local recurrence and metachronous cancer development in endoscopically resected patients, and lymph node positivity in squamous carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (ADC) separately in surgically resected patients. RESULTS: Endoscopically resected patients: Low grade dysplasia was observed in 4% of patients, high grade dysplasia in 14.6%, carcinoma in situ in 19%, mucosal cancer in 54%, and submucosal cancer in 16% of patients. There were no significant differences between endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for the following parameters: complications, patients submitted to surgery, positive margins, lymph node positivity, local recurrence and metachronous cancer. With regard to piecemeal resection, ESD performed better since the number of cases was significantly less [coefficient: -7.709438, 95%CI: (-11.03803, -4.380844), P < 0.001]; hence local recurrence rates were significantly lower [coefficient: -4.033528, 95%CI: (-6.151498, -1.915559),P < 0.01]. A higher rate of esophageal stenosis was observed following ESD [coefficient: 7.322266, 95%CI: (3.810146, 10.83439), P < 0.001]. A significantly greater number of SCC patients were submitted to surgery (log-odds, ADC: -2.1206 ± 0.6249 vs SCC: 4.1356 ± 0.4038, P < 0.05). The odds for re-classification of tumor stage after endoscopic resection were 53% and 39% for ADC and SCC, respectively. Local tumor recurrence was best predicted by grade 3 differentiation and piecemeal resection, metachronous cancer development by the carcinoma in situ component, and lymph node positivity by lymphovascular invasion. With regard to surgically resected patients: Significant differences in patients with positive lymph nodes were observed between ADC and SCC [coefficient: 1.889569, 95%CI: (0.3945146, 3.384624), P<0.01). In contrast, lymphovascular and microvascular invasion and grade 3 patients between histologic types were comparable, the respective rank order of the predictors of lymph node positivity was: Grade 3, lymphovascular invasion (L+), microvascular invasion (V+), submucosal (Sm) 3 invasion, Sm2 invasion and Sm1 invasion. Histologic type (ADC/SCC) was not included in the model. The best predictors for SCC lymph node positivity were Sm3 invasion and (V+). For ADC, the most important predictor was (L+). CONCLUSION: Local tumor recurrence is predicted by grade 3, metachronous cancer by the carcinoma insitu component, and lymph node positivity by L+. T1b cancer should be treated with surgical resection. | George Sgourakis Ines Gockel Hauke Lang | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，9： | 40 |
| 10 | Diagnostic accuracy of a deep learning approach to calculate FFR from coronary CT angiography显示文摘Background The computational fluid dynamics(CFD)approach has been frequently applied to compute the fractional flow reserve(FFR)using computed tomography angiography(CTA).This technique is efficient.We developed the DEEPVESSEL-FFR platform using the emerging deep learning technique to calculate the FFR value out of CTA images in five minutes.This study is to evaluate the DEEPVESSEL-FFR platform using the emerging deep learning technique to calculate the FFR value from CTA images as an efficient method.Methods A single-center,prospective study was conducted and 63 patients were enrolled for the evaluation of the diagnostic performance of DEEPVESSEL-FFR.Automatic quantification method for the three-dimensional coronary arterial geometry and the deep learning based prediction of FFR were developed to assess the ischemic risk of the stenotic coronary arteries.Diagnostic performance of the DEEPVESSEL-FFR was assessed by using wire-based FFR as reference standard.The primary evaluation factor was defined by using the area under receiver-operation characteristics curve(AUC)analysis.Results For per-patient level,taking the cut-off value<0.8 referring to the FFR measurement,DEEPVESSEL-FFR presented higher diagnostic performance in determining ischemia-related lesions with area under the curve of 0.928 compare to CTA stenotic severity 0.664.DEEPVESSEL-FFR correlated with FFR(R=0.686,P<0.001),with a mean di&ference of-0.006士0.0091(P=0.619).The secondary evaluation factors,indicating per vessel accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value were 87.3%,97.14%,75%,82.93%,and 95.45%,respectively.Conclusion DEEPVESSEL-FFR is a novel method that allows efficient assessment of the functional significance of coronary stenosis. | Zhi-Qiang WANG Yu-Jie ZHOU Ying-Xin ZHAO Dong-Mei SHI Yu-Yang LIU Wei LIU Xiao-Li LIU Yue-Ping LI | 2019 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2019，16，1： | 37 |
| 11 | 基于网页上下文的Deep Web数据库分类显示文摘讨论了提高Deep Web数据库分类准确性的若干新技术,其中包括利用HTML网页的内容文本作为理解数据库内容的上下文和把数据库表的属性标记词归一的过程.其中对网页中的内容文本的发现算法是基于对网页文本块的多种统计特征.而对数据库属性标记词的归一过程是把同义标记词用代表词进行替代的过程.给出了采用分层模糊集合对给定学习实例所发现的领域和语言知识进行表示和基于这些知识对标记词归一化算法.基于上述预处理,给出了计算Deep Web数据库的K-NN(k nearest neighbors)分类算法,其中对数据库之间语义距离计算综合了数据库表之间和含有数据库表的网页的内容文本之间的语义距离.分类实验给出算法对未预处理的网页和经过预处理后的网页在数据库分类精度、查全率和综合F1等测度上的分类结果比较. | 马军 宋玲 韩晓晖 闫泼 | 2008 | 软件学报2008，19，2： | 31 |
| 12 | 一种基于图模型的Web数据库采样方法显示文摘Web数据库中,海量的信息隐藏在具有特定查询能力的查询接口后面,使人无法了解一个Web数据库内容的特征,比如主题的分布、更新的频率等,这就为DeepWeb数据集成带来了巨大的挑战.为了解决这个问题,提出了一种基于图模型的Web数据库采样方法,可以通过查询接口从Web数据库中以增量的方式获取近似随机的样本,即每次查询获取一定数量的样本记录,并且利用已经保存在本地的样本记录生成下一次的查询.该方法的一个重要特点是不受查询接口中属性表现形式的局限,因此是一种一般的Web数据库采样方法.在本地的模拟实验和真实Web数据库上的大量实验表明,该方法可以在较小代价下获得高质量的样本. | 刘伟 孟小峰 凌妍妍 | 2008 | 软件学报2008，19，2： | 29 |
| 13 | Deep seismic reflection profile across the juncture zone between the Tarim Basin and the West Kunlun Mountains显示文摘Fine structures of the crust and upper mantle of the basin-and-range juncture on the northwestern margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau are first delineated by the deep seismic reflection profile across the juncture zone between the Tarim Basin and the West Kunlun Mountains. Evidence is found for the northward subduction of the northwest marginal lithosphere of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its collision with Tarim lithosphere beneath the West Kunlun Mountains. The lithosphere image of the face-to-face subduction and collision determines the coupling relationship between the Tarim Basin and the West Kunlun Mountains at the lithosphere scale and reflects the process of continent- continent collision. | GAO Rui HUANG Dongding LU Deyuan QIAN Guihua LI Yingkang KUANG Chaoyang Li Qiusheng LI Pengwu Feng Rujin Guan Ye | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，24： | 30 |
| 14 | Ultra-high pressure metamorphism of granitic gneiss in the Yinggelisayi area, Altun Mountains, NW China显示文摘 | LIU Liang, SUN Yong, LUO Jinhai, WANG Yan, CHEN Danling & ZHANG Anda The Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Ministry of Education,Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi抋n 710069, China | 2004 | Science China Earth Sciences2004，47，4： | 27 |
| 15 | 华北克拉通东北缘岩石圈深部物质组成的不均一性:来自吉林南部中生代火山岩元素及Sr-Nd同位素地球化学的证据显示文摘本文报导了吉林南部果松组和三棵榆树组火山岩的全岩K-Ar和角闪石^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar定年结果和岩石地球化学资料,并讨论了吉林南部早白垩世火山岩岩浆源区性质以及空间变异。定年结果显示,果松组和三棵榆树纽火山岩的形成时代分别为130.2±0.3Ma和118.3±1.9Ma。果松组火山岩主要由玄武岩-玄武质粗面安山岩-粗面安山岩-英安岩组成;它们的SiO_2含量介于46%~64%,Mg~#介于31~50之间,Al_2O_3含量介于14.9%~18.9%之间,全碱含量(Na_2O+K_2O)介于4.61%~9.23%之间,属于亚碱性系列,具钙碱性演化趋势;并以富集大离子亲石元素(LILEs)和轻稀土元素(LREEs),亏损重稀土元素(HREEs)和Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素(HFSEs)为特征;(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)_i值和ε_(Nd)(t)值分别介于0.7065~0.7077和-2.67~ -19.71之间。果松组火山岩的成分具有较好的空间变异趋势,由东向西,火山岩的基性程度增高,东部果松组火山岩具有较高的(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)。值,而西部具有较低的ε_(Nd)(t)值。三棵榆树组火山岩由粗面安山岩和粗面英安岩组成;三棵榆树组火山岩的SiO_2含量介于55.5%~65.8%之间,Mg~#介于42~50,Al_2O_3含量介于15.0%~15.7%,全碱含量偏高(Na_2O+K_2O=6.93%~9.24%),主体属于亚碱性系列,具钙碱性系列的演化趋势;并以较高的Th/U(5.36~5.82)、Ba/Nh(50.2~120.0)、(La/Yh)_N(32.9~47.9)和Sr/Y(50.0~72.4)比值为特征;它们的(^(87)Sr/^(86)Sr)_i值和ε_(Nd)(t)值分别变化于0.7056~0.7057和-8.99~-19.71之间。上述特征揭示,果松组火山岩(130Ma)的形成主要与古太平洋板块的俯冲作用有关,岩浆来源于受流体/熔体交代的地幔楔,东西部受到不同程度陆壳物质的混染。与果松组火山岩相比,三棵榆树组火山岩(118Ma)形成于俯冲背景下的相对引张环境,岩浆来源于受交代的岩石圈地幔,但受到深部陆壳物质的混染。 | 裴福萍 许文良 杨德彬 于洋 孟恩 | 2009 | 岩石学报2009，25，8： | 28 |
| 16 | 基于本体的Deep Web数据标注显示文摘借鉴语义Web领域中深度标注的思想,提出了一种对Web数据库查询结果进行语义标注的方法.为了获得完整且一致的标注结果,将领域本体作为Web数据库遵循的全局模式引入到查询结果语义标注过程中.对查询接口及查询结果特征进行详细分析,并采用查询条件重置的策略,从而确定查询结果数据的语义标记.通过对多个不同领域Web数据库的测试,在具有领域本体支持的条件下,该方法能够对Web数据库查询结果添加正确的语义标记,从而验证了该方法的有效性. | 袁柳 李战怀 陈世亮 | 2008 | 软件学报2008，19，2： | 28 |
| 17 | Deep process of the collision and deformation on the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau:Revelation from investigation of the deep seismic profiles显示文摘The seismic investigation achievements from three kinds of methods have revealed the lithospheric structure and the deep process of deformation caused by collision. It is found that convergent collision and deep subduction of the continental lithosphere are in progress along the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. The deep process of due collision and deformation is different from that of oblique collision. It is revealed in the study that the deep process of the collision and deformation on the northern margin is different from that on the southern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. | 高锐 李朋武 李秋生 管烨 史大年 孔祥儒 刘宏兵 | 2001 | Science China Earth Sciences2001，44，S1： | 26 |
| 18 | China’s first deep manned submersible,JIAOLONG显示文摘A deep manned submersible is indispensable to deep ocean exploration. No other equipment can bring scientists to ex-treme sea floor depths to do research in situ. Marine geology, seafloor geophysics,marine biology,and oceanic chemistry are the fields that scientists are particularly eager to study [1-6]. Chinese scientists have long dreamed of using their own submersible to probe the deep sea. China’s recent fast development of a deep manned submersible has realized that dream. | Liu, Feng Cui, WeiCheng Li, XiangYang | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，10： | 24 |
| 19 | Deep Learning in Medical Ultrasound Analysis: A Review显示文摘Ultrasound (US) has become one of the most commonly performed imaging modalities in clinical practice. It is a rapidly evolving technology with certain advantages and with unique challenges that include low imaging quality and high variability. From the perspective of image analysis, it is essential to develop advanced automatic US image analysis methods to assist in US diagnosis and/or to make such assessment more objective and accurate. Deep learning has recently emerged as the leading machine learning tool in various research fields, and especially in general imaging analysis and computer vision. Deep learning also shows huge potential for various automatic US image analysis tasks. This review first briefly introduces several popular deep learning architectures, and then summarizes and thoroughly discusses their applications in various specific tasks in US image analysis, such as classification, detection, and segmentation. Finally, the open challenges and potential trends of the future application of deep learning in medical US image analysis are discussed. | Shengfeng Liu Yi Wang Xin Yang Baiying Lei Li Liu Shawn Xiang Li Dong Ni Tianfu Wang | 2019 | Engineering2019，5，2： | 24 |
| 20 | Possible link between long-term and short-term water injections and earthquakes in salt mine and shale gas site in Changning,south Sichuan Basin, China显示文摘Late at night on 17 June 2019,a magnitude 6.0 earthquake struck Shuanghe Town and its surrounding area in Changning County,Sichuan,China,becoming the largest earthquake recorded within the southern Sichuan Basin.A series of earthquakes with magnitudes up to 5.6 occurred during a short period after the mainshock,and we thus refer to these earthquakes as the Changning M6 earthquake sequence(or swarm).The mainshock was located very close to a salt mine,into which for^3 decades fresh water had been extensively injected through several wells at a depth of 2.7–3 km.It was also near(within^15 km)the epicenter of the 18 December 2018 M5.7 Xingwen earthquake,which is thought to have been induced by shale gas hydraulic fracturing(HF),prompting questions about the possible involvement of industrial activities in the M6 sequence.Following previous studies,this paper focuses on the relationship between injection and seismicity in the Shuanghe salt field and its adjacent Shangluo shale gas block.Except for a period of serious water loss after the start of cross-well injection in 2005–2006,the frequency of earthquakes shows a slightly increasing tendency.Overall,there is a good correlation between the event rate in the Shuanghe area and the loss of injected water.More than 400 M≥3 earthquakes,including 40 M≥4 and 5 M≥5 events,had been observed by the end of August 2019.Meanwhile,in the Shangluo area,seismicity has increased during drilling and HF operations(mostly in vertical wells)since about 2009,and dramatically since the end of 2014,coincident with the start of systematic HF in the area.The event rate shows a progressively increasing background with some fluctuations,paralleling the increase in HF operations.More than 700 M≥3 earthquakes,including 10 M≥4 and 3 M≥5 in spatially and temporally clustered seismic events,are correlated closely with active fracturing platforms.Well-resolved centroid moment tensor results for M≥4 earthquakes were shown to occur at very shallow depths around shale formations with active HF,in agreement with some of the clusters,which occurred within the coverage area of temporary or new permanent monitoring stations and thus have been precisely located.After the Xingwen M5.7 earthquake,seismic activity in the salt well area increased significantly.The Xingwen earthquake may have created a unidirectional rupture to the NNW,with an end point close to the NW-trending fault of the Shuanghe earthquake.Thus,a fault in the Changning anticline might have terminated the fault rupture of the Xingwen earthquake,possibly giving the Xingwen earthquake a role in promoting the Changning M6 event. | XingLin Lei ZhiWei Wang JinRong Su | 2019 | Earth and Planetary Physics2019，3，6： | 24 |
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