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| 1 | Cold-chain food contamination as the possible origin of COVID-19 resurgence in Beijing显示文摘COVID-19,caused by SARS-CoV-2[1,2],has been contained in China through stringent non-pharmaceutical interventions.Border control and quarantine have effectively prevented the virus from being spread by infected travellers,but the risk of resurgence caused by other routes of introduction and transmission remains unclear,and current strategies to prevent resurgence could be flawed.Since July,SARS-CoV-2 RNA contaminations in frozen food imported from countries with ongoing epidemics have been reported in nine provinces in China[3,4].However,there is no robust evidence of COVID-19 outbreaks initiated by environmentto-human transmission.Here we add to evidence of such transmission by investigating the recent COVID-19 resurgence in Beijing. | Xinghuo Pang Lili Ren Shuangsheng Wu Wentai Ma Jian Yang Lin Di Jie Li Yan Xiao Lu Kang Shichang Du Jing Du Jing Wang Gang Li Shuguang Zhai Lijuan Chen Wenxiong Zhou Shengjie Lai Lei Gao Yang Pan Quanyi Wang Mingkun Li Jianbin Wang Yanyi Huang Jianwei Wang COVID-19 Field Response Group COVID-19 Laboratory Testing Group | 2020 | National Science Review2020，7，12： | 51 |
| 2 | Chinese Stroke Association guidelines for clinical management of cerebrovascular disorders: executive summary and 2019 update of clinical management of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis显示文摘Aim Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis(CVST)is a less common cerebrovascular disease that predominantly affects young patients.The incidence of CVST is 2-5/10000000/year,accounting for 0.5%-1%of all stroke.To reduce mortality and morbidity associated with CVST,Chinese Stroke Association commissioned the authors to write the current guideline on the management of CVST.Methods PubMed(MEDLINE),CNKI and Wanfang database were searched for studies related to CVST from 1 January 1990 to 31 July 2019.Data were synthesised by evidence tables.Each recommendation was fully discussed by the writing group members and reviewed by Chinese Stroke Association Stroke Fellow Committees.Levels of evidence grading algorithm of Chinese Stroke Association was used to grade each recommendation.results This guideline mainly focuses on the diagnostic evaluation,therapeutic strategies and secondary prevention of CVST.CT/CTV and MRI/MRV are recommended in the initial imaging evaluation of patients with suspected CVST.Anticoagulation therapy with low-molecular weight heparin should be initiated in patients with CVST immediately.After the acute stage,warfarin is recommended for 3-6 months to prevent the recurrence of CVST and other venous thromboembolic events.Conclusions The guideline summarises the current evidence regarding the management of CVST,and provides references for diagnosis,treatment and secondary prevention of CVST in China. | Yuhua Fan Jian Yu Hongbing Chen Jian Zhang Jiangang Duan Dapeng Mo Wenhao Zhu Bo Wang Fubing Ouyang Yicong Chen Linfang Lan Jinsheng Zeng Chinese Stroke Association Stroke Council CVST Guideline Writing Committee | 2020 | Stroke & Vascular Neurology2020，5，2： | 14 |
| 3 | Ecological Planning for Sino-Singapore Ecological Science and Technology Town of Suzhou显示文摘1. Background The construction of Sino-Singapore Ecological Science and Technology Town (SSESTT), which is a part of Suzhou Industrial Park, was initiated in 2005 under the circumstance of rapid | LIN Borong, Associate Professor, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China. QIN Youguo, Professor, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China. LIU Ligang, PhD Candidate, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China. SONG Yehao, Associate Professor, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University, Beijing, P. R. China. | 2008 | China City Planning Review2008，17，4： | 12 |
| 4 | Genome triplication drove the diversification of Brassica plants显示文摘The genus Brassica belongs to the plant family Brassicaceae,which includes many important crop species that are used as oilseed,condiments,or vegetables throughout the world.Brassica plants comprise many diverse species,and each species contains rich morphotypes showing extreme traits.Brassica species experienced an extra whole genome triplication(WGT)event compared with the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana.Whole genome sequencing of the Brassica species Brassica rapa,Brassica oleracea and others demonstrated that WGT plays an important role in the speciation and morphotype diversification of Brassica plants.Comparative genomic analysis based on the genome sequences of B.rapa and A.thaliana clearly identified the WGT event and further demonstrated that the translocated Proto-Calepine Karyotype(tPCK,n57)was the diploid ancestor of the three subgenomes in B.rapa.Following WGT,subsequent extensive genome fractionation,block reshuffling and chromosome reduction accompanied by paleocentromere descent from the three tPCK subgenomes during the rediploidization process produced stable diploid species.Genomic rearrangement of the diploid species and their hybridization then contributed to Brassica speciation.The subgenome dominance effect and biased gene retention,such as the over-retention of auxin-related genes after WGT,promoted functional gene evolution and thus propelled the expansion of rich morphotypes in the Brassica species.In conclusion,the WGT event initiated subsequent genomic and gene-level evolution,which further drove Brassica speciation and created rich morphotypes in each species. | Feng Cheng Jian Wu Xiaowu Wang | 2014 | Horticulture Research2014，1，1： | 11 |
| 5 | The mechanism and function of active DNA demethylation in plants显示文摘DNA methylation is a conserved and important epigenetic mark in both mammals and plants.DNA methylation can be dynamically established,maintained,and removed through different pathways.In plants,active DNA demethylation is initiated by the RELEASE OF SILENCING 1(ROS1)family of bifunctional DNA glycosylases/lyases.Accumulating evidence suggests that DNA demethylation is important in many processes in plants.In this review,we summarize recent studies on the enzymes and regulatory factors that have been identified in the DNA demethylation pathway.We also review the functions of active DNA demethylation in plant development as well as biotic and abiotic stress responses.Finally,we highlight those aspects of DNA demethylation that require additional research. | Ruie Liu Zhaobo Lang | 2020 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2020，62，1： | 9 |
| 6 | Expert opinions on immunotherapy for patients with colorectal cancer显示文摘1 BACKGROUND With the rapid development of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)over the past decades,they have become a major area of interest in the treatment of colorectal cancer(CRC)[1,2].There are evidence pointing that programmed cell death protein-1(PD-1)blockade,alone or in combination with anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4(anti-CTLA4)therapy,achieved durable responses in patients with mismatch repair-deficient(dMMR)or microsatellite instability-high(MSI-H)metastatic CRC(mCRC)[3–6].However,the optimal diagnostic method for detecting dMMR/MSI-H disease as well as the optimal anti-PD-1-based treatment modality still remains controversial in this patient subset.In addition,for the majority of mCRC cases that are mismatch repair-proficient(pMMR)or microsatellite stable(MSS),the clinical benefits from these agents are generally minimal[3,7],driving extensive research efforts to develop effective combination therapies in this disease subset.Moreover,investigations of anti-PD-1-based treatments have also been initiated in the nonmetastatic settings of CRC,with some encouraging preliminary evidence[8].Medical oncologists and surgeons from the Committee of Colorectal Cancer of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology had a panel discussion on immunotherapy for patients with colorectal cancer during a seminar on June 16,2020,in Guangzhou,China.Herein,the expert opinions have been summarized along with relevant clinical evidence(Table 1)to guide real-world treatment decision-making regarding the use of ICIs in patients with CRC. | Feng Wang Zi-Xian Wang Gong Chen Hui-Yan Luo Dong-Sheng Zhang Miao-Zhen Qiu De-Shen Wang Zhi-Zhong Pan Lin Shen Jin Li Su-Zhan Zhang Rui-Hua Xu | 2020 | Cancer Communications2020，40，10： | 8 |
| 7 | Innate immune responses to DNA viruses显示文摘The innate immune system acts as the first line of defense against pathogens,which is also essen-tial for initiation of adaptive immunity.Innate immune responses are initiated by pattern-recognition receptors(PRRs),which recognize conserved molecular structures of pathogens called patho-gen-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs).The infection of virus triggers a series of signaling events leading to transcriptional induction of type I interferons(IFNs)and proinflammatory cyto-kines.In recent years,the mechanisms of viral RNA recognition and RNA virus-triggered signaling pathways have been well studied.However,it remains unclear on how DNA virus infection is sensed by host cells and triggers the host antiviral defense.Although ten potential viral DNA sen-sors have been reported,none of them is validated as a generally used sensor for distinct DNA viruses in divergent cell types and animals.Here,we provide a summary and perspective on recent advances in innate immune responses to DNA viruses. | Ying Nie Yan-Yi Wang | 2013 | Protein & Cell2013，4，1： | 6 |
| 8 | China Nutrition and Health Surveys(1982−2017)显示文摘The status of nutrition and health among residents is one of the important indicators reflecting the developing level in a country or a region.China’s government initiated the first China National Nutrition Survey in 1959.The Second National Nutrition Survey and the Third National Nutrition Survey were then conducted in 1982 and 1992,respectively(1-2).The China National Nutrition and Health Survey(2002)combined the nutrition and chronic diseases survey and became the fourth survey(3). | Dongmei Yu Liyun Zhao Jian Zhang Zhenyu Yang Lichen Yang Jian Huang Hongyun Fang Qiya Guo Xiaoli Xu Lahong Ju Gangqiang Ding | 2021 | China CDC weekly2021，3，9： | 6 |
| 9 | Ubiquitination of DNA Damage-Stalled RNAPII Promotes Transcription-Coupled Repair显示文摘Transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair(TC-NER)is initiated by the stalling of elongating RNA polymerase II(RNAPIIo)at DNA lesions.The ubiquitination of RNAPIIo in response to DNA damage is an evolutionarily conserved event,but its function in mammals is unknown.Here,we identified a single DNA damage-induced ubiquitination site in RNAPII at RPB1-K1268,which regulates transcription recovery and DNA damage resistance.Mechanistically,RPB1-K1268 ubiquitination stimulates the association of the core-TFIIH complex with stalled RNAPIIo through a transfer mechanism that also involves UVSSA-K414 ubiquitination.We developed a strand-specific ChIP-seq method,which revealed RPB1-K1268 ubiquitination is important for repair and the resolution of transcriptional bottlenecks at DNA lesions.Finally,RPB1-K1268R knockin mice displayed a short life-span,premature aging,and neurodegeneration.Our results reveal RNAPII ubiquitination provides a two-tier protection mechanism by activating TC-NER and,in parallel,the processing of DNA damage-stalled RNAPIIo,which together prevent prolonged transcription arrest and protect against neurodegeneration. | Nakazawa Y | 2020 | 四川生理科学杂志2020，42，2： | 3 |
| 10 | Fulminant myocarditis in adults: a narrative review显示文摘Fulminant myocarditis(FM)is an uncommon syndrome characterized by sudden and severe hemodynamic compromise secondary to acute myocardial inflammation,often presenting as profound cardiogenic shock,life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias and/or electrical storm.FM may be refractory to conventional therapies and require mechanical circulatory support(MCS).The immune system has been recognized as playing a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of myocarditis,leading to an increased focus on immunosuppressive treatment strategies.Recent data have highlighted not only the fact that FM has significantly worse outcomes than non-FM,but that prognosis and management strategies of FM are heavily dependent on histological subtype,placing greater emphasis on the role of endomyocardial biopsy in diagnosis.The impact of subtype on severity and prognosis will likewise influence how aggressively the myocarditis is managed,including whether MCS is warranted.Many patients with refractory cardiogenic shock secondary to FM end up requiring MCS,with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation demonstrating favorable survival rates,particularly when initiated prior to the development of multiorgan failure.Among the challenges facing the field are the need to more precisely identify immunopathophysiological pathways in order to develop targeted therapies,and the need to better optimize the timing and management of MCS to minimize complications and maximize outcomes. | Santiago Montero Darryl Abrams Enrico Ammirati Florent Huang Dirk WDonker Guillaume Hekimian Cosme García-García Antoni Bayes-Genis Alain Combes Matthieu Schmidt | 2022 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2022，19，2： | 3 |
| 11 | Interferons command Trim22 to fight against viruses显示文摘The mammalian innate immune system provides the first line of defensive mechanisms to protect the host against invading pathogens.These defensive responses are initiated by recognition of microbial pathogen-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs). | Qiaoshi Lian Bing Sun | 2017 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2017，14，9： | 2 |
| 12 | A COVID-19 Outbreak Emerging in a Food Processing Company——Harbin City,Heilongjiang Province,China,January-February 2021显示文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)epidemic in China had been effectively controlled for several months,but as the ambient temperature dropped,large gathering-initiated epidemics occurred in northern China,including Hebei,Liaoning,and Jilin provinces. | Lei Hou Hao Zhou Nanxi Meng Xue Yu Xin Wang Tuo Wang Jianfeng Zhang Yan Wang Shie Li Shuzhen Guo Jianxing Yu Muxin Chen Wenhui Shi Ning Xiao Chao Yang Jianxiang Liu | 2021 | China CDC weekly2021，3，32： | 2 |
| 13 | Quartz crystal microbalance study of the kinetics of surface initiated polymerization显示文摘Surface initiated polymerization (SIP) is a valuable tool in synthesizing functional polymer brushes,yet the kinetic understanding of SIP lags behind the development of its application. We apply quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) to address two issues that are not fully addressed yet play a central role in the rational design of functional polymer brushes,namely quantitative determination of the kinetics and the initiator efficiency (IE) of SIP. SIP are monitored online using QCM. Two quantitative frequencythickness (f-T) relations make the direct determination and comparison of the rate of polymerization possible even for different monomers. Based on the bi-termination model,the kinetics of SIP is simply described by two variables,which are related to two polymerization constants,namely a = 1/(kp,s,app-[M][R·]0) and b = kt,s,app/(kp,s,app[M]). Factors that could alter the kinetics of SIP are studied,including (i) the molecular weight of monomers,(ii) the solvent used,(iii) the initial density of the initiator,(iv) the concentration of monomer,[M],and (v) the catalyst system (ratio among the ingredients,metal,ligands,and additives). The dynamic nature of IE is also described by these two variables,IE = a/(a + bt). Instead of the molecular weight and the polydispersity,we suggest that film thickness,the two kinetic parameters (a and b),and the initial density of the initiator and IE be the parameters that characterize ultrathin polymer brushes. Besides the kinetics study of SIP,the reported method has many other applications,for example,in the fast screening of catalyst system for SIP and other polymerization systems. | CHEN XinAn ZHANG YaoZhong HE JianAn XIONG ChunYang MENG YongHong JIN Gang MA HongWei | 2009 | Science China Chemistry2009，52，12： | 2 |
| 14 | Using echocardiography in newborn screening for congenital heart disease may reduce missed diagnoses显示文摘Congenital heart disease(CHD)is the most common type of birth defect in China.According to a national study,the overall prevalences of CHD and critical CHD were 8.98 per 1000 live births and 1.46 per 1000 live births,respectively,in China[1].CHD,particularly critical CHD,not only seri-ously affects the quality of life of patients and their family,but creates huge economic and mental burdens on the fam-ily and on society as a whole[2].Early diagnosis of CHD is imperative for early intervention and treatment.For early diagnosis of CHD,CHD screening in all newborns was first initiated in Shanghai,China on June 1,2016[3].Since July 30,2018,the China National Health Commission initiated newborn screening program for CHD;'double index meth-ods'(cardiac auscultation plus pulse oximetry)were used to screen CHD for newborns 6 hours and 72 hours after birth. | Yun-Xiang Qiu Wei Jiang Jia-Yu Zhang Die Li Kai Yu Cang-Cang Fu Xiao-Min Tang Wei-Ze Xu | 2022 | World Journal of Pediatrics2022，18，9： | 2 |
| 15 | Passivation of degradation path enables high performance perovskite nanoplatelet lasers with high operational stability显示文摘MAPbI_(3)perovskite has attracted widespread interests for developing low-cost near infrared semiconductor gain media.However,it faces the instability issue under operation conditions,which remains a critical challenge.It is found that the instability of the MAPbI_(3)nanoplatelet laser comes from the thermal-induced degradation progressing from the surface defects towards neighboring regions.By using PbI_(2) passivation,the defect-initiated degradation is significantly suppressed and the nanoplatelet degrades in a layer-by-layer way,enabling the MAPbI_(3)laser to sustain for 4500 s(2.7×10^(7) pulses),which is nearly three times longer than that of the nanoplatelet laser without passivation.Meanwhile,the PbI_(2) passivated MAPbI_(3)nanoplatelet laser with the nanoplatelet cavity displays a maximum quality factor up to∼7800,the highest reported for all MAPbI_(3)nanoplatelet cavities.Furthermore,a high stability MAPbI_(3)nanoplatelet laser that can last for 8500 s(5.1×10^(7) pulses)is demonstrated based on a dual passivation strategy,by retarding the defect-initiated degradation and surface-initiated degradation simultaneously.This work provides in-depth insights for understanding the operating degradation of perovskite lasers,and the dual passivation strategy paves the way for developing high stability near infrared semiconductor laser media. | GUOHUI LI HUIHUI PI YANFU WEI BOLIN ZHOU YA GAO RONG WEN YUYING HAO HAN ZHANG BENG S.ONG YANXIA CUI | 2022 | Photonics Research2022，10，6： | 2 |
| 16 | The value of the World Conferences on Research Integrity:perspectives from Peru显示文摘“The World Conferences on Research Integrity(WCRIs),six to date,were initiated at a time when researchers in various countries were at quite different stages in their thinking about research integrity.Over the course of the past decade,the global conferences have reflected and documented significant changes in the way research integrity is viewed and supported”[1]. | Mariela DejoVásquez Roxana Lescano Juan Guillermo PérezCarreño | 2021 | Forensic Sciences Research2021，6，3： | 1 |
| 17 | A closer look at cannabimimetic terpenes, polyphenols, and flavonoids: a promising road forward显示文摘Despite the current interest in the potential medical use of Cannabis, it is worth remembering that cannabis is not a new drug, with both a nonmedical and medical history supporting its effectiveness.This history advanced in scientific strength and importance worldwide when Professor Raphael Mechoulam and colleagues initiated their pioneering discoveries in 1971.At first, Mechoulam et al.(1972) achieved the complete synthesis of the pure compounds from hashish(including △1-tetrahydrocannabinol and other neutral cannabinoids such as cannabigerol, cannabichromene, and cannabicyclol), and established their molecular structures. | Juliana Cavalli Rafael Cypriano Dutra | 2021 | Neural Regeneration Research2021，16，7： | 1 |
| 18 | Effect of Grain Boundary on Spinodal Decomposition Using the Phase Field Crystal Method显示文摘Spinodal decomposition (SD) with different grain boundaries (GBs) is investigated on the atomic scale using the novel phase field crystal model.It is demonstrated that the decomposition process is initiated by precipitating one phase with a larger lattice constant in the tension region at the GBs and the other one with a smaller lattice constant in the compression region.As the phase separation proceeds,the dislocations comprising the low-angle GBs migrate toward the compositional domain boundaries to relieve the coherent strain energy,and eventually become randomly distributed in the coarsening regime of SD,which leads to the disappearance of the low-angle GBs.For high-angle GBs,the location of GBs remains unchanged,while the atoms rearrange along the GBs to fit the stress field arising from compositional inhomogeneity. | 杨涛 陈铮 张静 董卫平 伍林 | 2012 | Chinese Physics Letters2012，29，7： | 1 |
| 19 | Chemiluminescent carbon nanodots for dynamic and guided antibacteria显示文摘Advanced antibacterial technologies are needed to counter the rapid emergence of drug-resistant bacteria.Imageguided therapy is one of the most promising strategies for efficiently and accurately curing bacterial infections.Herein,a chemiluminescence(CL)-dynamic/guided antibacteria(CDGA)with multiple reactive oxygen species(ROS)generation capacity and chemiexcited near-infrared emission has been designed for the precise theranostics of bacterial infection by employing near-infrared emissive carbon nanodots(CDs)and peroxalate as CL fuels.Mechanistically,hydrogen peroxide generated in the bacterial microenvironment can trigger the chemically initiated electron exchange between CDs and energy-riched intermediate originated from the oxidized peroxalate,enabling bacterial induced inflammation imaging.Meanwhile,type Ⅰ/Ⅱ photochemical ROS production and type Ⅲ ultrafast charge transfer from CDs under the self-illumination can inhibit the bacteria proliferation efficiently.The potential clinical utility of CDGA is further demonstrated in bacteria infected mice trauma model.The self-illuminating CDGA exhibits an excellent in vivo imaging quality in early detecting wound infections and internal inflammation caused by bacteria,and further are proven as efficient broad-spectrum antibacterial nanomedicines without drug-resistance,whose sterilizing rate is up to 99.99%. | Jiang-Fan Han Qing Lou Zhong-Zheng Ding Guang-Song Zheng Qing-Chao Ni Run-Wei Song Kai-Kai Liu Jin-Hao Zang Lin Dong Cheng-Long Shen Chong-Xin Shan | 2023 | Light(Science & Applications)2023，12，5： | 1 |
| 20 | CONTROLLED ANIONIC SYNTHESIS OF FUNCTIONALIZED AND STAR-BRANCHED POLYMERS显示文摘The use of living, alkyllithium-initiated anionic polymerization to prepare chain-end functionalized polymers and heteroarm, star-branched polymers is discussed. The scope and limitations of specific termination reactions with a variety of electrophilic species are illustrated for carbonation, hydroxyethylation, amination, and sulfonation. The methodology of using substituted 1,1-diphenylethylenes to provide a general, quantitative functionalization procedure is outlined and illustrated with examples of amine and phenol end-functionalization. A methodology is described for the synthesis of functionalized, star-branched copolymers with compositionally heterogeneous arms of controlled molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution using 1, 3-bis(1-pbenylethenyl) benzene. | RODERIC P. QUIRK GABRIEL SUMMERS KIM Jungahn LAUREL E. SCHOCK | 1990 | Chinese Journal of Polymer Science1990，8，2： | 1 |
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