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| 1 | A Chromosome-Scale Genome Assembly of Paper Mulberry(Bmussonetia papyrifera)Provides New Insights into Its Forage and Papermaking Usage显示文摘Paper mulberry(Broussonetia papyrifera)is a well-known woody tree historically used for Cai Lun papermaking,one of the four great inventions of ancient China.More recently,Paper mulberry has also been used as forage to address the shortage of feedstuff because of its digestible crude fiber and high protein contents.In this study,we obtained a chromosome-scale genome assembly for Paper mulberry using integrated approaches,including Illumina and PacBio sequencing platform as well as Hi-C,optical,and genetic maps.The assembled Paper mulberry genome consists of 386.83 Mb,which is close to the estimated size,and 99.25%(383.93 Mb)of the assembly was assigned to 13 pseudochromosomes.Comparative genomic analysis revealed the expansion and contraction in the flavonoid and lignin biosynthetic gene families,respectively,accounting for the enhanced flavonoid and decreased lignin biosynthesis in Paper mulberry.Moreover,the increased ratio of syringyl-lignin to guaiacyl-lignin in Paper mulberry underscores its suitability for use in medicine,forage,papermaking,and barkcloth making.We also identified the rootassociated microbiota of Paper mulberry and found that Pseudomonas and Rhizobia were enriched in its roots and may provide the source of nitrogen for its stems and leaves via symbiotic nitrogen fixation.Collectively,these results suggest that Paper mulberry might have undergone adaptive evolution and recruited nitrogen-fixing microbes to promote growth by enhancing flavonoid production and altering lignin monomer composition.Our study provides significant insights into genetic basis of the usefulness of Paper mulberry in papermaking and barkcloth making,and as forage.These insights will facilitate further domestication and selection as well as industrial utilization of Paper mulberry worldwide. | Xianjun Peng Hui Liu Peilin Chen Feng Tang Yanmin Hu Fenfen Wang Zhi Pi Meiling Zhao Naizhi Chen Hui Chen Xiaokang Zhang Xueqing Yan Min Liu Xiaojun Fu Guofeng Zhao Pu Yao Lili Wang He Dai Xuming Li Wei Xiong Wencai Xu Hongkun Zheng Haiyan Yu Shihua Shen | 2019 | Molecular Plant2019，12，5： | 18 |
| 2 | Complex interactions between microRNAs and hepatitis B/C viruses显示文摘MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of many target genes via mRNA degradation or translation inhibition. Many studies have shown that miRNAs are involved in the modulation of gene expression and replication of hepatitis B virus(HBV) and hepatitis C virus(HCV) and play a pivotal role in host-virus interactions. Increasing evidence also demonstrates that viral infection leads to alteration of the miRNA expression profile in hepatic tissues or circulation. The deregulated miRNAs participate in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)initiation and progression by functioning as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes by targeting various genes involved in cancer-related signaling pathways. The distinct expression pattern of miRNAs may be a useful marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of virus-related diseases considering the limitation of currently used biomarkers. Moreover, the role of deregulated miRNA in host-virus interactions and HCC development suggested that miRNAs may serve as therapeutic targets or astools. In this review, we summarize the recent findings about the deregulation and the role of miRNAs during HBV/HCV infection and HCC development, and we discuss the possible mechanism of action of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of virus-related diseases. Furthermore, we discuss the potential of using miRNAs as markers for diagnosis and prognosis as well as therapeutic targets and drugs. | Hong-Xia Fan Hua Tang | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，37： | 8 |
| 3 | Interactions between pork consumption,CagA status and IL-1B-31 genotypes in gastric cancer显示文摘AIM: To explore potential interactions among Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori), CagA status, interleukin(IL)-1B-31 genotypes, and non-cardiac gastric cancer(GC) risk.METHODS: A case-control study of non-cardia GCwas performed at 3 hospitals located in Xi'an, China, between September 2008 and July 2010. We included 171 patients with histologically diagnosed primary noncardia GC and 367 population based controls(matched by sex, age and city of residence). A standardized questionnaire was used to obtain information regarding potential risk factors, including pork consumption. H. pylori CagA status was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and IL-1B-31 genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression was used to explore potential interactions among the factors.RESULTS: The CagA appeared to confer an increased risk of GC(OR = 1.81, 95%CI: 1.25-2.61). The main associations with IL-1B-31C allele here were 0.98(95%CI: 0.59-1.63) for CC vs TT and 0.99(95%CI: 0.64-1.51) for C Carriers vs TT. However, no associations were observed for CagA or IL-1B-31 genotype status among subjects who reported low pork consumption(P for interaction = 0.11). In contrast, high pork consumption and IL-1B-31C genotypes appeared to synergistically increase GC risk(P for interaction = 0.048) after adjusting for confounding factors, particularly among subjects with CagA(OR = 3.07, 95%CI: 1.17-10.79). We did not observe effect modification of pork consumption by H. pylori CagA status, or between H. pylori CagA status and IL-1B-31 genotypes after adjustment for pork consumption and other factors.CONCLUSION: These interaction relationships among CagA, IL-1B-31 and pork consumption may have implications for development of the preventive strategies for the early detection of non-cardiac GC. | Xiao-Qin Wang Paul D Terry Li Cheng Hong Yan Jian-Sheng Wang Wen-An Wu Sen-Ke Hu | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，25： | 1 |
| 4 | Fostering Learner Autonomy by Strengthening Learners' Motivation显示文摘This paper aims to discus some practical ways to develop the learners’autonomous English learning abilities.After analyzed the motivation problems,the author strengthened learners’motivation through classroom teaching successfully by building good social relations,promoting negotiation,promoting interaction in the classroom and setting up adequate evaluation systems,etc.The author finds that using the content of regular college classroom teaching as a meaningful context for the development of responsibility can enhance the learning effect.The teacher’s guiding role in autonomous learning should never be ignored.Developing autonomous English learning in vocational colleges in China is our long-term pedagogical goal. | 鞠艳霞 | 2014 | 海外英语2014，，8X： | 0 |
| 5 | Inflammatory bowel disease and celiac disease:Overlaps and differences显示文摘Recent findings demonstrate the common genetic basis for many immune-mediated diseases,and consequently,the partially shared pathogenesis.We collected these findings and reviewed the extension of these overlaps to other disease characteristics.Two autoimmune diseases were selected that also share the specific target organ,the bowel.The etiology and immunopathogenesis of both conditions characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation,inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and celiac disease(CeD),are not completely understood.Both are complex diseases with genetics and environment contributing to dysregulation of innate and adaptive immune responses,leading to chronic inflammation and disease.CeD constitutes a particular disease because the main environmental and genetic triggers are largely known.IBD comprises two main clinical forms,Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis,which most likely involve a complex interplay between some components of the commensal microbiota and other environmental factors in their origin.These multifactorial diseases encompass a broad spectrum of clinical phenotypes and ages of onset,although the clinical presentation often differs depending on childhood or adult onset,with greater heterogeneity commonly observed in adults. | Virginia Pascual Romina Dieli-Crimi Natalia López-Palacios Andrés Bodas Luz María Medrano Concepción Nú?ez | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，17： | 0 |
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