|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | Risk for emerging bipolar disorder, variants, and symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, now grown up显示文摘AIM: To determine the prevalence of bipolar disorder(BD) and sub-threshold symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) through 14 years' follow-up, when participants were between 21-24 years old.METHODS: First, we examined rates of BD type Ⅰ?and Ⅱ diagnoses in youth participating in the NIMH-funded Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD(MTA). We used the diagnostic interview schedule for children(DISC), administered to both parents(DISC-P) and youth(DISCY). We compared the MTA study subjects with ADHD(n = 579) to a local normative comparison group(LNCG, n = 289) at 4 different assessment points: 6, 8, 12, and 14 years of follow-ups. To evaluate the bipolar variants, we compared total symptom counts(TSC) of DSM manic and hypomanic symptoms that were generated by DISC in ADHD and LNCG subjects. Then we sub-divided the TSC into pathognomonic manic(PM) and non-specific manic(NSM) symptoms. We compared the PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG at each assessment point and over time. We also evaluated the irritability as category A2 manic symptom in both groups and over time. Finally, we studied the irritability symptom in correlation with PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG subjects.RESULTS: DISC-generated BD diagnosis did not differ significantly in rates between ADHD(1.89%) and LNCG 1.38%). Interestingly, no participant met BD diagnosis more than once in the 4 assessment points in 14 years. However, on the symptom level, ADHD subjects reported significantly higher mean TSC scores: ADHD 3.0; LNCG 1.7; P < 0.001. ADHD status was associated with higher mean NSM: ADHD 2.0 vs LNCG 1.1; P < 0.0001. Also, ADHD subjects had higher PM symptoms than LNCG, with PM means over all time points of 1.3 ADHD; 0.9 LNCG; P = 0.0001. Examining both NSM and PM, ADHD status associated with greater NSM than PM. However, Over 14 years, the NSM symptoms declined and changed to PM over time(df 3, 2523; F = 20.1; P < 0.0001). Finally, Irritability(BD DSM criterion-A2) rates were significantly higher in ADHD than LNCG(χ2 = 122.2, P < 0.0001), but irritability was associated more strongly with NSM than PM(df 3, 2538; F = 43.2; P < 0.0001).CONCLUSION: Individuals with ADHD do not appear to be at significantly greater risk for developing BD, but do show higher rates of BD symptoms, especially NSM. The greater linkage of irritability to NSM than to PM suggests caution when making BD diagnoses based on irritability alone as one of 2(A-level) symptoms for BD diagnosis, particularly in view of its frequent presentation with other psychopathologies. | Ahmed Z Elmaadawi Peter S Jensen L Eugene Arnold Brooke SG Molina Lily Hechtman Howard B Abikoff Stephen P Hinshaw Jeffrey H Newcorn Laurence Lee Greenhill James M Swanson Cathryn A Galanter | 2015 | World Journal of Psychiatry2015，5，4： | 3 |
| 2 | The coordinate regulation of the p53 and mTOR pathways in cells显示文摘 | Feng Z Zhang H Arnold J | 2005 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA2005，102，： | 1 |
| 3 | The purity, properties and analyti- cal determination of 4-sec-butyl-2-(ct-methylbenzyl) phe- nol显示文摘 | Egan B Z Arnold E D | 1996 | Analytical Chemistry1996，38，7： | 1 |
| 4 | Are tropical fungalendophytes hyperdiverse显示文摘 | Arnold A E Maynard Z Gilbert G S | 2000 | Ecological Letters2000，3，4： | 1 |
| 5 | The HbA~o and all-cause mortality relationship in patients with type 2 diabetes is J- Shaped:a meta-analysis of observational studies 显示文摘 | Arnold LW Wang Z | 2014 | Rev Diabet Stud2014，11，2： | 1 |
| 6 | 3-Chlorophthalic anhydride through chlorination of phthalic anhydride 显示文摘 | ARNOLD Z MARTIN E | 1978 | J Org Chem1978，43，19： | 1 |
| 7 | Random-priming in vitro recombination:an effective tool for directed evolution显示文摘 | Shao Z Zhao H Arnold F H | 1998 | Nucleic Acids Res1998，26，： | 1 |
| 8 | Are tropical fungal endophytes hyperdiverse显示文摘 | ARNOLD A E MAYNARD Z GILBERT G S | 2000 | Ecological Letters2000，3，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Fungal endophytes in dicotyledonous neotropical trees:patterns of abundance and diversity显示文摘 | Arnold A E Maynard Z Gilbert G S | 2001 | Mycol Res2001，105，： | 1 |
| 10 | The Purity,Properties,and Analytical Determination of 4-Sec-Butyl-2-(α-Methylbenzyl) Phenol显示文摘 | Egan B Z Arnold W D | 1966 | Analytical Chemistry1966，38，7： | 1 |
| 11 | Gender-related differences in recovery of locomotor function after spinal cord injury in mice显示文摘 | Farooque M Suo Z Arnold PM | 2006 | Spinal Cord2006，44，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Apolipoprotein E;-low density lipoprotein receptor interaction:influences of basic residue and amphipathic α-helix organization in the ligand显示文摘 | Mohamed Z Arnold KS Newhouse YM | 2000 | J Lipid Res2000，41，7： | 1 |
| 13 | The purity, properties, and analytical determination of 4-sec-butyl-2-( a-methyl benzyl) Phenol 显示文摘 | Egan B Z Arnold W D | 1966 | Analytical Chemistry1966，38，7： | 1 |
| 14 | Mild hypothermia induced before cardiac arrest reduces brain edema formation in rats显示文摘 | XIAO F ZHANG Z ARNOLD T C | 2002 | Acad Emerg Med2002，9，2： | 1 |
| 15 | 显示文摘 | Arnold M S Avouris P Pan Z W | 2003 | J Phys Chem B2003，107，： | 1 |
| 16 | Random-priming in vitro recombination:an effective tool for directed evolution显示文摘 | Zhao H Arnold FH | 1998 | Nuclear Acids Research1998，26，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Field-effect Transistors Based on Single Semiconducting Oxide Nanobelts显示文摘 | Arnold M S Avouris P Pan Z W | 2003 | Journal of Physical Chemistry B2003，107，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Are tropical fungal endophytes hyperdiverse显示文摘 | Arnold A Maccheroni Z Gilbert GS | | 0，，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Bayesian and Non-Bayesian Methods for Com- bining Models and Forecasts with Applications to Forecasting Interna- tional Growth Rate显示文摘 | M in C K Arnold Z | 2010 | Journal of Econometrics2010，，56： | 1 |
| 20 | Repairs by trephina- tion and suturing of longitudinal injuries in the avaseular ar- ea of themeniscus in goats 显示文摘 | Zhang Z Arnold JA Williams T | 1995 | Am J Sports Med1995，23，1： | 1 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员