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| 1 | Mapping aboveground biomass and its prediction uncertainty using LiDAR and field data, accounting for tree-level allometric and LiDAR model errors显示文摘Background: The increasing availability of remotely sensed data has recently challenged the traditional way of performing forest inventories, and induced an interest in model-based inference. Like traditional design-based inference, model-based inference allows for regional estimates of totals and means, but in addition for wall-to-wall mapping of forest characteristics. Recently Light Detection and Ranging(LiDAR)-based maps of forest attributes have been developed in many countries and been well received by users due to their accurate spatial representation of forest resources. However, the correspondence between such mapping and model-based inference is seldom appreciated. In this study we applied hierarchical model-based inference to produce aboveground biomass maps as well as maps of the corresponding prediction uncertainties with the same spatial resolution. Further, an estimator of mean biomass at regional level, and its uncertainty, was developed to demonstrate how mapping and regional level assessment can be combined within the framework of model-based inference.Results: Through a new version of hierarchical model-based estimation, allowing models to be nonlinear, we accounted for uncertainties in both the individual tree-level biomass models and the models linking plot level biomass predictions with LiDAR metrics. In a 5005 km2 large study area in south-central Sweden the predicted aboveground biomass at the level of 18 m×18 m map units was found to range between 9 and 447 Mg·ha^-1. The corresponding root mean square errors ranged between 10 and 162 Mg·ha^-1. For the entire study region, the mean aboveground biomass was 55 Mg·ha^-1 and the corresponding relative root mean square error 8%. At this level 75%of the mean square error was due to the uncertainty associated with tree-level models.Conclusions: Through the proposed method it is possible to link mapping and estimation within the framework of model-based inference. Uncertainties in both tree-level biomass models and models linking plot level biomass with LiDAR data are accounted for, both for the uncertainty maps and the overall estimates. The development of hierarchical model-based inference to handle nonlinear models was an important prerequisite for the study. | Svetlana Saarela AndréWästlund Emma Holmström Alex Appiah Mensah Sören Holm Mats Nilsson Jonas Fridman Göran Ståhl | 2020 | Forest Ecosystems2020，7，3： | 3 |
| 2 | Transforming growth fac- tor- 13signaling: emerging stem cell target in metastatic breast cancer 显示文摘 | Tan A R Alexe G Reiss M | 2009 | Breast Cancer Res Treat2009，115，3： | 1 |
| 3 | A 30-year expe rience in the management of primary carcinoma of vagi ha:analysis of prognostic factors and treatment modali ties显示文摘 | Richard G Stock M D Alex S J | 1995 | Gynecol Oncol1995，56，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Effects of yttrium on the sintering and microstructure of alumina-silicon carbide 'nanocomposites' 显示文摘 | ALEX M C IAN P S RICHARD I T STEVE G R | 2005 | J Am Ceram Soc2005，88，9： | 1 |
| 5 | Star pattern identification using discrete attitude variation technique显示文摘 | Rao G N Bhat M S Alex T K | 2005 | Journal of Guidance Control and Dynamics2005，28，6： | 1 |
| 6 | Characterization of polyploid wheat genomic diversity using a high-density 90 000 single nucleotide polymorphism array 显示文摘 | Wang SC Debbie W Kerrie F Alexandra A Shiaoman C Bevan EH Marco M Silvio S Sara GM Luigi C Anna MM Alex W Stuart S Gary B Ralf W Joerg P International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium Morten L Diane M Rudi A Rudy D Gina BG Abraham K Alina RA Catherine F Jerome S Michele M Curtis P Luo MC Jan DMM Jorge D Martin G Roberto T Cindy L Ivan M Colin C Keith JE Matthew H Eduard A | 2014 | Plant Biotechnol J2014，12，： | 1 |
| 7 | Modelling freshwater inflows in a shallow lake显示文摘 | ALEX J M IOANNIS G | 2004 | Archives of Hydro-enginee6mg and Environmental Mechanics2004，51，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Effects on surface morphology of ep- itaxial Y203 layers on Si (001) after post growth annealing 显示文摘 | loannou-Sougleridis V Constantoudis V Alexe M Scholz R Vellianitis G Dimoulas A | 2004 | Thin Solid Films2004，468，12： | 1 |
| 9 | Evaluation of terrain effects in AEM surveys using the boundary element method显示文摘 | Liu G M Alex B | 1992 | Geophysics1992，57，： | 1 |
| 10 | Star pattern identification using discrete attitude variation technique 显示文摘 | Rao G N Bhat M S Alex T K | 2005 | Journal of Guieanee Contral and Dynamics2005，28，6： | 1 |
| 11 | Spatial trends and historical deposition of polychlorinated biphenyls in Canadian midlatitude and Arctic lake sediments显示文摘 | Derek C G M Alex O Grift N P | 1996 | Environmental science and technology1996，30，12： | 1 |
| 12 | Fast Access Method for Onboard Star Catalog 显示文摘 | Nagendra Rao G Seetharama Bhat M Alex T K | 2005 | Journal of Guidance Control and Dynamics(S0731-5090)2005，28，5： | 1 |
| 13 | First-line treatment with zoledronic acid as compared with clodronic acid in multiple myeloma (MRC Myeloma IX): a randomised controlled trial显示文摘 | Gareth J Morgan Faith E Davies Walter M Gregory Kim Cocks Sue E Bell Alex J Szubert Nuria Navarro-Coy Mark T Drayson Roger G Owen Sylvia Feyler A John Ashcroft Fiona Ross Jennifer Byrne Huw Roddie Claudius Rudin Gordon Cook Graham H Jackson J Anthony Chil | 2010 | The Lancet . 2010 (9757)2010，，： | 1 |
| 14 | Transforming growth factor-beta sig- naling: Emerging stern cell target in metastatic breast cancer? 显示文摘 | Tan AR Alexe G Reiss M | 2009 | Breast Cancer Res Treat2009，115，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Parallel GRASP with Path-relinking for Job Shop Scheduling显示文摘 | Alex R M Binato S Resende M G C | 2003 | Parallel Computing2003，29，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Spatial trends and historical deposition of polychlorinated biphenyls in Canadian midlatitude and Arctic lake sediments 显示文摘 | DEREK C G M ALEX O GRIFT N P | 1996 | Environmental Science and Technology1996，30，12： | 1 |
| 17 | A Basic Needs Theory investigation of adolescents' physical self - concept and global self- esteem 显示文摘 | Alex C G Nathan M Jeffery M Bo S Mariane F | 2012 | International Journal of Sport and Ex- ercise Psychology2012，10，： | 1 |
| 18 | Piezoelectric shear mode drop-on-demand inkjet actuator显示文摘 | Jurgen B Alex M G | 2005 | Sensors and Actuators A: Physical2005，101，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Characterization of RAG1 and IgM (mu chain) marking development of the immune system in red-spotted grouper (Epinephelus akaara) 显示文摘 | Mao M G Lei J L Alex P M | 2012 | Fish Shellfish Immunol2012，33，： | 1 |
| 20 | Transforming growth factor-beta signaling:emerging stem cell target in metastatic breast cancer显示文摘 | Tan AR Alexe G Reiss M | | 0，，： | 1 |
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