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| 1 | Acupuncture's Role in Solving the Opioid Epidemic: Evidence, Cost-Effectiveness, and Care Availability for Acupuncture as a Primary, Non-Pharmacologic Method for Pain Relief and Management-White Paper 2017显示文摘The United States(U.S.) is facing a national opioid epidemic, and medical systems are in need of nonpharmacologic strategies that can be employed to decrease the public's opioid dependence. Acupuncture has emerged as a powerful, evidence-based, safe, cost-effective, and available treatment modality suitable to meeting this need. Acupuncture has been shown to be effective for the management of numerous types of pain conditions, and mechanisms of action for acupuncture have been described and are understandable from biomedical, physiologic perspectives. Further, acupuncture's cost-effectiveness can dramatically decrease health care expenditures, both from the standpoint of treating acute pain and through avoiding addiction to opioids that requires costly care, destroys quality of life, and can lead to fatal overdose. Numerous federal regulatory agencies have advised or mandated that healthcare systems and providers offer non-pharmacologic treatment options for pain. Acupuncture stands out as the most evidence-based, immediately available choice to fulfil these calls. Acupuncture can safely, easily, and cost-effectively be incorporated into hospital settings as diverse as the emergency department, labor and delivery suites, andneonatal intensive care units to treat a variety of commonly seen pain conditions. Acupuncture is already being successful y and meaningfully utilized by the Veterans Administration and various branches of the U.S. Military, in some studies demonstrably decreasing the volume of opioids prescribed when included in care. | arthur yin fan david w.miller bonnie bolash matthew bauer john mcdonald sarah faggert hongjian he yong ming li amy matecki lindy camardella mel hopper koppelman jennifer a.m.stone lindsay meade john pang | 2017 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2017，15，6： | 29 |
| 2 | Chinese herbal medicine for COVID-19: Current evidence with systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘Background: There is currently no drug or therapy that cures COVID-19, a highly contagious and life-threatening disease.Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis summarized contemporary studies that report the use of Chinese herbal medicine(CHM) to treat COVID-19.Search strategy: Six electronic databases(PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Wanfang Data and China National Knowledge Infrastructure) were searched from their beginning to May 15, 2020 with the following search terms: traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese medicine,Chinese herbal medicine, COVID-19, new coronavirus pneumonia, SARS-CoV-2, and randomized controlled trial.Inclusion criteria: Randomized controlled trials(RCTs) from peer-reviewed journals and non-reviewed publications were included. Further, included RCTs had a control group that was given standard care(SC;such as conventional Western medicine treatments or routine medical care), and a treatment group that was given SC plus CHM.Data extraction and analysis: Two evaluators screened and collected literature independently;information on participants, study design, interventions, follow-up and adverse events were extracted, and risk of bias was assessed. The primary outcomes included scores that represented changes in symptoms and signs over the course of treatment. Secondary outcomes included the level of inflammatory markers, improvement of pneumonia confirmed by computed tomography(CT), and adverse events. Dichotomous data were expressed as risk ratio or hazard ratio with 95% confidence interval(CI);where time-to-event analysis was used, outcomes were expressed as odds ratio with 95% CI. Continuous data were expressed as difference in means(MD) with 95% CI, and standardized mean difference(SMD) was used when different outcome scales were pooled.Results: Seven original studies, comprising a total of 732 adults, were included in this meta-analysis.Compared to SC alone, CHM plus SC had a superior effect on the change of symptom and sign score(-1.30 by SMD, 95% CI [-2.43, -0.16];3 studies;n = 261, P = 0.03), on inflammatory marker C-reactive protein(CRP, mg/L;-11.82 by MD, 95% CI [-17.95, -5.69];5 studies;n = 325, P = 0.0002),on number of patients with improved lung CT scans(1.34 by risk ratio, 95% CI [1.19, 1.51];4 studies;n = 489, P < 0.00001). No significant adverse events were recorded in the included RCTs.Conclusion: Current evidence shows that CHM, as an adjunct treatment with standard care, helps to improve treatment outcomes in COVID-19 cases. | Arthur Yin Fan Sherman Gu Sarah Faggert Alemi Research Group for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine | 2020 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2020，18，5： | 12 |
| 3 | Distribution of licensed acupuncturists and educational institutions in the United States in early 2015显示文摘In recent decades, acupuncture has been used more widely and extensively in the United States(U.S.).However, there have been no national surveys or analyses reported in academic journals on the number of practicing or licensed acupuncturists. This study was conducted to identify the approximate number of licensed acupuncturists active in 2015. The Board of Acupuncture or Board of Medicine in each state or U.S. territory was contacted to collect data. Online license information searching was also performed in order to get accurate numbers of licensed acupuncturists for those states in which a board was unable to be contacted. The study found that the number of licensed acupuncturists in 2015 in the U.S. was 34,481.Of this, more than 50% were licensed in three states alone: California(32.39%), New York(11.89%) and Florida(7.06%). The number of licensed acupuncturists increased 23.30% and 52.09%, compared to the year 2009(n = 27,965) and 2004(n = 22,671), respectively; increasing about 1,266 per year. There were62 and 10 accredited acupuncture institutions providing master and doctoral degrees, respectively. The West Coast comprised 51.39% of degree granting programs, while the East Coast comprised 29.17%;together the coastal states housed more than 80% of all programs, with the remainder sprinkled across the southern(9.72%), northern(8.33%), and the middle/central states(1.39%). Forty-four states and the District of Columbia regulated acupuncture practice by law at the time of data collection. Acupuncture continues to be a quickly growing profession in the U.S. | Arthur Yin Fan Sarah Faggert | 2018 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2018，16，1： | 7 |
| 4 | Evidence and Expert Opinions:Drying Needling versus Acupuncture(Ⅱ)--The American Alliance for Professional Acupuncture Safety(AAPAS)White Paper 2016显示文摘In the United States and other Western countries, dry needling has been a topic in academic and legal fields. This White Paper is to provide the authoritative information of dry needling versus acupuncture to academic scholars, healthcare professionals, administrators, policymakers, and the general public by providing the authoritative evidence and expertise regarding critical issues of dry needling and reaching a consensus. We conclude that Dr. Travell, Dr. Gunn, Dr. Baldry and others who have promoted dry needling by simply rebranding(1) acupuncture as dry needling and(2) acupuncture points as trigger points(dry needling points). Dry needling simply using English biomedical terms(especially using 'fascia' hypothesis) in replace of their equivalent Chinese medical terms. Dry needling is an over-simplified version of acupuncture derived from traditional Chinese acupuncture except for emphasis on biomedical language when treating neuromuscularskeletal pain(dry needling promoters redefined it as 'myofascial pain'). Trigger points belong to the category of Ashi acupuncture points in traditional Chinese acupuncture, and they are not a new discovery. By applying acupuncture points, dry needling is actually trigger point acupuncture, an invasive therapy(a surgical procedure) instead of manual therapy. Dr. Travell admitted to the general public that dry needling is acupuncture, and acupuncture professionals practice dry needling as acupuncture therapy and there are several criteria in acupuncture profession to locate trigger points as acupuncture points. Among acupuncture schools, dry needling practitioners emphasize acupuncture's local responses while other acupuncturists pay attention to the responses of both local, distal, and whole body responses. For patients' safety, dry needling practitioners should meet standards required for licensed acupuncturists and physicians. | FAN Arthur Yin XU Jun LI Yong-ming | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine2017，23，2： | 7 |
| 5 | Nevada: the first state that fully legalized acupuncture and Chinese medicine in the Unites States——In memory of Arthur Steinberg, Yee Kung Lok and Jim Joyce who made it happen显示文摘1 Introduction In the United States,the largest groups of acupuncture or traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)practitioners settled and still remain in California and New York,as these two states historically have the largest,most concentrated Asian populations.The TCM practitioners originally worked in a legal gray-zone,sometimes even being treated as illegal practitioners by the local governments。 | Arthur Yin Fan | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2015，13，2： | 6 |
| 6 | Dr. Ralph Coan: a hero in establishing acupuncture as a profession in the United States显示文摘1 Introduction Dr. Ralph Coan is not well known to the general public. Originally, we had wanted to interview him as he was the medical director of the first acupuncture center in the United States that opened in the early 1970s [1] . We wanted to know more about that center's history. Prior to visiting Dr. Coan, we found an article written by Dr. Sherman Cohn that mentioned Dr. Coan. The article noted that Dr. | Arthur Yin Fan Ziyi Fan | 2013 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2013，11，1： | 5 |
| 7 | The history of acupuncture anesthesia for pneumonectomy in Shanghai during the 1960s显示文摘The success of acupuncture anesthesia(AA) for pneumonectomy in Shanghai in 1960 was a key event for AA gaining practical clinical application. The effort was a close collaboration between the Shanghai First Tuberculosis Hospital and the Shanghai Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion. One of the most important factors of AA success was the great financial and political support provided by the Chinese central government and Shanghai local government. In December 1965 the State Science and Technology Commission of China issued a formal document acknowledging AA as an important first-level national achievement of the integration of Chinese and Western medicine, and a collaborative effort of the whole scientific community in China. AA was an important influential factor that helped acupuncture spread across the world. | Li-gong Liu Arthur Yin Fan Hong Zhou Jun Hu | 2016 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2016，14，4： | 5 |
| 8 | The beginning of acupuncture in Washington,D.C.and Maryland:an interview with Dr.Yeh-chong Chan显示文摘Dr.Yeh-chong Chan(Y.C.Chan) is one of the earliest acupuncturists in the United States(US).He served for seven years in the first acupuncture center in the US, which was established in Washington,D.C.in 1972.In 1979,he moved the clinic to Rockville,Maryland and continued to practice acupuncture there for over 30 years. He is a well-known licensed acupuncturist(LAc),one of the developers of the acupuncture profession,and a scholar of acupuncture and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).He has treated two US Governors(In the US,the title Governor refers to the chief executive of each state | Arthur Yin Fan Zivi Fan | 2013 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2013，11，3： | 5 |
| 9 | The methodology flaws in Hinman's acupuncture clinical trial, Part Ⅲ: Sample size calculation显示文摘In the October 2014 publication of JAMA,Dr.Hinman and colleagues published the study'Acupuncture for Chronic Knee Pain:A Randomized Clinical Trial,'in which the authors concluded that'in patients older than50 years with moderate or severe chronic knee pain,neither laser nor needle acupuncture conferred benefi t over sham for pain or function.Our fi ndings do not support acupuncture[1] | Arthur Yin Fan | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2015，13，4： | 5 |
| 10 | Discussions on real-world acupuncture treatments for chroni clow-back pain in older adults显示文摘Chronic low-back pain(CLBP) is one of the most common pain conditions. Current clinical guidelines for low-back pain recommend acupuncture for CLBP. However, there are very few high-quality acupuncture studies on CLBP in older adults. Clinical acupuncture experts in the American Traditional Chinese Medicine Association(ATCMA) were interested in the recent grant on CLBP research announced by the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health. The ATCMA experts held an online discussion on the subject of real-world acupuncture treatments for CLBP in older adults. Seven participants, each with more than 20 years of acupuncture practice, discussed their own unique clinical experience while another participant talked about the potential mechanism of acupuncture in pain management. As a result of the discussion, a picture of a similar treatment strategy emerged across the participants for CLBP in older adults. This discussion shows that acupuncture may have complicated mechanisms in pain management, yet it is effective for the treatment of chronic pain involving maladaptive neuroplasticity;therefore, it should be effective for CLBP in older adults. | Arthur Yin Fan Hui Ouyang Xinru Qian Hui Wei David Dehui Wang Deguang He Haihe Tian Changzhen Gong Amy Matecki Sarah Faggert Alemi | 2019 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2019，17，2： | 5 |
| 11 | The methodology flaws in Hinman's acupuncture clinical trial, Part Ⅰ: Design and results interpretation显示文摘In the October 2014 edition of JAMA,Dr.Hinman and her colleagues published an acupuncture clinical trial entitled'Acupuncture for Chronic Knee Pain:A Randomized Clinical Trial'and concluded that'in patients older than50 years with moderate or severe chronic knee pain,neither laser nor needle acupuncture conferred benefit over sham for pain or function.Our findings do not support acupuncture for these patients'[1]. | Arthur Yin Fan | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2015，13，2： | 4 |
| 12 | The methodology flaws in Hinman's acupuncture clinical trial, Part Ⅱ: Zelen design and effectiveness dilutions显示文摘In the October 2014 publication of JAMA,Dr.Hinman and colleagues published the study'Acupuncture for Chronic Knee Pain:A Randomized Clinical Trial,'which concluded that'in patients older than 50 years withmoderate or severe chronic knee pain,neither laser nor needle acupuncture conferred benefit over sham for | Arthur Yin Fan | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2015，13，3： | 4 |
| 13 | Evidence and Expert Opinions:Dry Needling versus Acupuncture(Ⅲ)--The American Alliance for Professional Acupuncture Safety(AAPAS) White Paper 2016显示文摘Summary of Dry Needling Issues Academic Perspective In regards to terminology,dry needling(DN) is a synonym to acupuncture,just a different English translation from the original Chinese term '针刺'(Zhen Ci).In China,DN is a common name of | FAN Arthur Yin XU Jun LI Yong-ming | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine2017，23，3： | 4 |
| 14 | Recovery of a patient with severe COVID-19 by acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine adjuvant to standard care显示文摘There is currently no drug or therapy that can cure the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), which is highly contagious and can be life-threatening in severe cases. Therefore, seeking potential effective therapies is an urgent task. An older female at the Leishenshan Hospital in Wuhan, China, with a severe case of COVID-19 with significant shortness of breath and decrease in peripheral oxygen saturation(SpO_(2)),was treated using manual acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine granule formula Fuzheng Rescue Lung with Xuebijing Injection in addition to standard care. The patient’s breath rate, SpO_(2), heart rate,ratio of neutrophil/lymphocyte(NLR), ratio of monocyte/lymphocyte(MLR), C-reactive protein(CRP),and chest computed tomography were monitored. Acupuncture significantly improved the patient’s breathing function, increased SpO_(2), and decreased her heart rate. Chinese herbal medicine might make the effect of acupuncture more stable;the use of herbal medicine also seemed to accelerate the absorption of lung infection lesions when its dosage was increased. The combination of acupuncture and herbs decreased NLR from 14.14 to 5.83, MLR from 1.15 to 0.33 and CRP from 15.25 to 6.01 mg/L. These results indicate that acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicine, as adjuvants to standard care, might achieve better results in treating severe cases of COVID-19. | Xin Yin Shu-bin Cai Lan-ting Tao Lu-ming Chen Zhong-de Zhang Su-hong Xiao Arthur Yin Fan Xu Zou | 2021 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2021，19，5： | 3 |
| 15 | Dr.William Prensky:The birth of the acupuncture profession in the United States(1969–1979)——the Institute for Taoist Studies and the National Acupuncture Association显示文摘<正>Acupuncture is one important part of traditional Chinese medicine(here after,the author will only use the term'acupuncture'to denote both acupuncture and Chinese medicine)and is a fast growing profession in recent years~[1,2].Many patients have benefi ted from acupuncture therapy because acupuncture is a safe,effective and natural therapy~[3].Several articles and | Arthur Yin Fan | 2016 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2016，14，1： | 3 |
| 16 | “Obamacare” covers fifty-four million Americans for acupuncture as Essential Healthcare Benefit显示文摘'Obamacare'is the informal and most-used term for The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act,also known as the Affordable Care Act(ACA),and is a United States federal statute signed into law by President Barack Obama on March 23,2010.Together with the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act,the ACA represents the most signifi cant regu latory overhaul of the United States healthcare system since the passage of Medicare | Arthur Yin Fan | 2014 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2014，12，4： | 3 |
| 17 | Dr. Gene Bruno: The beginning of the acupuncture profession in the United States(1969–1979) — acupuncture, medical acupuncture and animal acupuncture显示文摘Acupuncture was practiced by both Western medical doctors[1,2]and Chinese medicine doctors[3,4]in the United States(U.S.)in the 19th century;however,after 1910,it seems that people seldom heard about it until it was re-introduced during the 1960s–1970s.Acupuncture legislation, | Arthur Yin Fan Sarah Faggert | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2015，13，5： | 3 |
| 18 | Evidence and Expert Opinions:Drying Needling versus Acupuncture(Ⅰ)--The American Alliance for Professional Acupuncture Safety(AAPAS)White Paper 2016显示文摘In the last twenty years,in the United States and other Western countries,dry needling(DN) became a hot and debatable topic,not only in academic but also in legal fields.This White Paper is to provide the authoritative information of DN versus acupuncture to academic scholars,healthcare professional administrators,lawmakers,and the general public through providing the authoritative evidence and experts' opinions regarding critical issues of DN versus acupuncture,and then reach consensus.DN is the use of dry needles alone,either solid filiform acupuncture needles or hollow-core hypodermic needles,to insert into the body for the treatment of muscle pain and related myofascial pain syndrome.DN is sometimes also known as intramuscular stimulation,trigger points(TrP) acupuncture,TrP DN,myofascial TrP DN,or biomedical acupuncture.In Western countries,DN is a form of simplified acupuncture using biomedical language in treating myofascial pain,a contemporary development of a portion of Ashi point acupuncture from Chinese acupuncture.It seeks to redefine acupuncture by reframing its theoretical principles in a Western manner.DN-like needling with filiform needles have been widely used in Chinese acupuncture practice over the past 2,000 years,and with hypodermic needles has been used in China in acupuncture practice for at least 72 years.In Eastern countries,such as China,since late of 1800 s or earlier,DN is a common name of acupuncture among acupuncturists and the general public,which has a broader scope of indications,not limited to treating the myofascial pain. | FAN Arthur Yin XU Jun LI Yong-ming | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine2017，23，1： | 2 |
| 19 | Dialogue with Dr. Lixing Lao:from a factory electrician to an international scholar of Chinese medicine显示文摘Dr. Lixing Lao, an internationally known scholar ofChinese medicine renowned for his clinical and mechanismsresearch, is the Director of the Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) Program at the Center for Integrative MedicineUniversity of Maryland (UM) School of Medicine; theCo-Chair of the Acupuncture Research Society; and | Arthur Yin Fan | 2013 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2013，11，4： | 2 |
| 20 | Dr.Miriam Lee:a heroine for the start of acupuncture as a profession in the State of California显示文摘1 Introduction The first legal acupuncture center established in the United States(US)of America was on the east coast in Washington,D.C.in 1972[1-4].However,the most important state in the acupuncture profession is on the west coast—in the state of California,which has the longest history of acupuncture practice[5,6]and the largest number | Arthur Yin Fan Ziyi Fan | 2014 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2014，12，3： | 2 |
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