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| 1 | Neuroplasticity in post-stroke gait recovery and noninvasive brain stimulation显示文摘Gait disorders drastically affect the quality of life of stroke survivors,making post-stroke rehabilitation an important research focus.Noninvasive brain stimulation has potential in facilitating neuroplasticity and improving post-stroke gait impairment.However,a large inter-individual variability in the response to noninvasive brain stimulation interventions has been increasingly recognized.We first review the neurophysiology of human gait and post-stroke neuroplasticity for gait recovery,and then discuss how noninvasive brain stimulation techniques could be utilized to enhance gait recovery.While post-stroke neuroplasticity for gait recovery is characterized by use-dependent plasticity,it evolves over time,is idiosyncratic,and may develop maladaptive elements.Furthermore,noninvasive brain stimulation has limited reach capability and is facilitative-only in nature.Therefore,we recommend that noninvasive brain stimulation be used adjunctively with rehabilitation training and other concurrent neuroplasticity facilitation techniques.Additionally,when noninvasive brain stimulation is applied for the rehabilitation of gait impairment in stroke survivors,stimulation montages should be customized according to the specific types of neuroplasticity found in each individual.This could be done using multiple mapping techniques. | Yi Xu Qing-hua Hou Shawn D.Russell Bradford C.Bennett Andrew J.Sellers Qiang Lin Dong-feng Huang | 2015 | Neural Regeneration Research2015，10，12： | 9 |
| 2 | BEX2 regulates mitochondrial apoptosis and G1 cell cycle in breast cancer显示文摘 | AliNaderi JiLiu Ian C.Bennett | 2010 | Int. J. Cancer2010，，7： | 1 |
| 3 | The Pushtashan juvenile suprasubduction zone assemblage of Kurdistan (northeastern Iraq): A Cretaceous (Cenomanian) Neo-Tethys missing link显示文摘The Pushtashan suprasubduction zone assemblage of volcanic rocks, gabbros, norites and peridotites occurs in the Zagros suture zone, Kurdistan region, northeastern Iraq. Volcanic rocks are dominant in the assemblage and consist mainly of basalt and basaltic andesite flows with interlayered red shale and limestone horizons. Earlier lavas tend to be MORB-like, whereas later lavas display island arc tholeiite to boninitic geochemical characteristics. Tholeiitic gabbros intrude the norites and display fractionation trends typical of crystallisation under low-pressure conditions, whereas the norites display calc-alkaline traits, suggesting their source included mantle metasomatised by fluids released from subducted oceanic crust. Enrichment of Rb, Ba, Sr, Th and the presence of negative Nb anomalies indicate generation in a suprasubduction zone setting. Trondhjemite and granodiorite intrusions are present in the volcanic rocks, gabbros and norites. SHRIMP U-Pb dating of magmatic zircons from a granodiorite yields a mean^(206)Pb/^(238)U age of 96.0 ±2.0 Ma(Cenomanian). The initial ε_(Hf) value for the zircons show a narrow range from +12.8 to+15.6, with a weighted mean of + 13.90±0.96. This initial value is within error of model depleted mantle at 96 Ma or slightly below that, in the field of arc rocks with minimal contamination by older continental crust. The compositional bimodality of the Pushtashan suprasubduction sequence suggests seafloor spreading during the initiation of subduction, with a lava stratigraphy from earlyerupted MORB transitioning into calc-alkaline lavas and finally by 96 Ma intrusion of granodioritic and trondhjemitic bodies with juvenile crustal isotopic signatures. The results confirm another Cretaceous arc remnant preserved as an allochthon within the Iraqi segment of the Cenozoic Zagros suture zone. Implications for the closure of Neo-Tethys are discussed. | Sabah A.Ismail Sarmad A.Ali Allen P.Nutman Vickie C.Bennett Brain G.Jones | 2017 | Geoscience Frontiers2017，8，5： | 0 |
| 4 | Seeing through the magnetite:Reassessing Eoarchean atmosphere composition from Isua(Greenland) ≥3.7 Ga banded iron formations显示文摘Estimates of early atmosphere compositions from metamorphosed banded iron formations(BIFs)including the well-studied ≥3.7 BIFs of the Isua supracrustal belt(Greenland)are dependent on knowledge of primary versus secondary Fe-mineralogical assemblages.Using new observations from locally well preserved domains,we interpret that a previously assumed primary redox indicator mineral,magnetite,is secondary after sedimentary Fe-clays(probably greenalite)±carbonates.Within ~3.7 Ga Isua BIF,pre-tectonic nodules of quartz+Fe-rich amphibole±calcite reside in a finegrained(≤100 μm)quartz+magnetite matrix.We interpret the Isua nodule amphibole as the metamorphosed equivalent of primary Fe-rich clays,armoured from diagenetic oxidative reactions by early silica concretion.Additionally,in another low strain lacunae,~3.76 Ga BIF layering is not solid magnetite but instead fine-grained magnetite+quartz aggregates.These magnetite+quartz aggregates are interpreted as the metamorphosed equivalent of Fe-clay-rich layers that were oxidised during diagenesis,because they were not armoured by early silicification.In almost all Isua BIF exposures,this evidence has been destroyed by strong ductile deformation.The Fe-clays likely formed by abiotic reactions between aqueous Fe^(2+)and silica.These clays along with silica±carbonate were deposited below an oceanic Fe-chemocline as the sedimentary precursors of BIF.Breakdown of the clays on the sea floor may have been by anaerobic oxidation of Fe^(2+),a mechanism compatible with iron isotopic data previously published on these rocks.The new determinations of the primary redoxsensitive Fe-mineralogy of BIF significantly revise estimates of early Earth atmospheric oxygen and CO_2 content,with formation of protolith Fe-rich clays and carbonates compatible with an anoxic Eoarchean atmosphere with much higher CO_2 levels than previously estimated for Isua and in the present-day atmosphere. | Allen P.Nutman Vickie C.Bennett Clark R.L.Friend | 2017 | Geoscience Frontiers2017，8，6： | 0 |
| 5 | Teasing apart socially-induced infertility in non-reproductive female Damaraland mole-rats, Fukomys damarensis (Rodentia:Bathyergidae)显示文摘The Damaraland mole-rat is a subterranean mammal exhibiting extreme reproductive skew with a single reproductive female in each colony responsible for procreation.Non-reproductive female colony members are physiologically suppressed while in the colony,exhibiting reduced concentrations of plasma luteinizing hormone(LH)and a decreased response of the pituitary,as measured by the release of bioactive LH,to an exogenous dose of gonadotrophin releasing hormone(GnRH).Removal of the reproductive female from the colony results in an elevation of LH and an enhanced response of the pituitary to a GnRH challenge in non-reproductive females comparable to reproductive females,implying control of reproduction in these individuals by the reproductive female.The Damaraland mole-rat is an ideal model for investigating the physiological and behavioral mechanisms that regulate the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis.In contrast,we know less about the control of reproduction at the level of the hypothalamus.The immunohistochemistry of the GnRH system of both reproductive and non-reproductive female Damaraland mole-rats has revealed no significant differences with respect to morphology,distribution or numbers of immunoreactive GnRH perikarya.We examined whether the endogenous opioid peptide beta-endorphin was responsible for the inhibition of the release of the GnRH from the neurons indirectly by measuring LH concentrations in these non-reproductive females following single,hourly and 8 hourly injections of the opioid antagonist naloxone.The results imply that the endogenous opioid peptide,beta-endorphin,is not responsible for the inhibition of GnRH release from the perikarya in non-reproductive females.Preliminary data examining the circulating levels of cortisol also do not support a role for circulating glucocorticoids.The possible role of kisspeptin is discussed. | Nigel C.BENNETT | 2011 | Integrative Zoology2011，6，4： | 0 |
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