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| 1 | Unraveling a genetic roadmap for improved taste in the domesticated apple显示文摘Although taste is an important aspect of fruit quality, an understanding of its genetic control remains elusive in apple and other fruit crops. In this study, we conducted genomic sequence analysis of 497 Malus accessions and revealed erosion of genetic diversity caused by apple breeding and possible independent domestication events of dessert and cider apples. Signatures of selection for fruit acidity and size, but not for fruit sugar content, were detected during the processes of both domestication and improvement. Furthermore, we found that single mutations in major genes affecting fruit taste, including Ma1, MdTDT, and MdSOT2, dramatically decrease malate, citrate, and sorbitol accumulation, respectively, and correspond to important domestication events. Interestingly, Ma1 was identified to have pleiotropic effects on both organic acid content and sugar:acid ratio, suggesting that it plays a vital role in determining fruit taste. Fruit taste is unlikely to have been negatively affected by linkage drag associated with selection for larger fruit that resulted from the pyramiding of multiple genes with minor effects on fruit size. Collectively, our study provides new insights into the genetic basis of fruit quality and its evolutionary roadmap during apple domestication, pinpointing several candidate genes for genetic manipulation of fruit taste in apple. | Liao Liao Weihan Zhang Bo Zhang Ting Fang Xiao-Fei Wang Yarning Cai Collins Ogutu Lei Gao Gang Chen Xiaoqing Nie Jinsheng Xu Quanyan Zhang Yiran Ren Jianqiang Yu Chukun Wang Cecilia H.Deng Baiquan Ma Beibei Zheng Chun-Xiang You Da-Gang Hu Richard Espley Kui Lin-Wang Jia-Long Yao Andrew C.Allan Awais Khan Schuyler S.Korban Zhangjun Fei Ray Ming Yu-Jin Hao Li Li Yuepeng Han | 2021 | Molecular Plant2021，14，9： | 5 |
| 2 | Fuzzy clustering algorithms for mixed feature variables 显示文摘 | YARN M S HWANG P Y CHEN D H | 2004 | Fuzzy Sets and Systems2004，141，2： | 1 |
| 3 | Finite-timimenvergent differentiator based on singular perturbation technique显示文摘 | X. Wang. Chen G. yarN | | 0，，09： | 1 |
| 4 | Investigation on the Site of the 2003 South Bomi (Tibet) M_S5.7 Earthquake显示文摘An earthquake with magnitude of 5.7 took place on Aug.18, 2003 in the Nyingchi Region, Tibet. The macroseismic epicenter was located in the unpopulated high mountain area, 13 km south of Zhamo town, Bomi County. The seismic intensity in the meizoseismal region was Ⅶ degree. The Ⅶ and Ⅵ areas were 2000 km^2 and 11000 km^2, respectively. This seismic event is related to the movements of the Lhari fault trending in the NW direction and the Zhamo-Maniweng fault trending in the NE direction. As a result of this earthquakes, the buildings in the areas were badly damaged. | He Yulin Cao Zhongquan Chen Lichun Chen Yarning | 2006 | Earthquake Research in China2006，20，2： | 0 |
| 5 | A biepitope,adjuvant-free,self-assembled influenza nanovaccine provides cross-protection against H3N2 and H1N1 viruses in mice显示文摘Currently,the incorporation of multiple epitopes into vaccines is more desirable than the incorporation of a single antigen for universal influenza vaccine development.However,epitopes induce poor immune responses.Although the use of adjuvants can overcome this obstacle,it may raise new problems.Effective antigen delivery vehicles that can function as both antigen carriers and intrinsic adjuvants are highly desired for vaccine development.Here,we report a biepitope nanovaccine that provides complete protection in mice against H3N2 virus as well as partial protection against H1N1 virus.This vaccine(3MCD-f)consists of two conserved epitopes(matrix protein 2 ectodomain(M2e)and CDhelix),and these epitopes were presented on the surface of ferritin in a sequential tandem format.Subcutaneous immunization with 3MCD-f in the absence of adjuvant induces robust humoral and cellular immune responses.These results provide a proof of concept for the 3MCD-f nanovaccine that might be an ideal candidate for future influenza pandemics. | Yongbo Qiao YaXin Zhang Jie Chen Shenghui Jin Yarning Shan | 2022 | Nano Research2022，15，9： | 0 |
| 6 | Coal Ash Slag Penetration Behavior on Cr_2O_3-Al_2O_3-ZrO_2 Bricks显示文摘The penetration behavior of different kinds of coal ash slags into chrome corundum bricks was studied by cup test. As a preliminary attempt,the oxides of Fe2O3 and MgO were added into coal ash to reduce the erosion of refractories. Different cup tests were carried out to study coal slag erosion to the refractories. FactSage was used to simulate the phase diagram of the main chemical compositions in coal ash and in the refractories. Both results agreed with each other. The results show that the elements in coal slag can penetrate into bricks and the penetration deepens with the duration increasing; it is difficult for Fe but easier for Ca and Si to penetrate into bricks; different kinds of melting coal ashes penetrate into refractories differently and the penetration depth of silicon and calcium can be significantly reduced by adding oxides into coal ash. | TANG Lihua GAO Ling WANG Qiong CHEN Dongxia ZHOU Yarning WANG Wenmei WU Yongqiang ZHU Zibin | 2010 | China's Refractories2010，19，4： | 0 |
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