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| 1 | Etiopathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis显示文摘Primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC) is an autoimmune disease of the liver characterized by progressive bile duct destruction eventually leading to cirrhosis and liver failure.The serological hallmark of the disease is the presence of circulating antimitochondrial antibodies(AMA).These reflect the presence of autoreactive T and B cells to the culprit antigens,the E2 subunits of mitochondrial 2-oxo-acid dehydrogenase enzymes,chiefly pyruvate dehydrogenase(PDC-E2).The disease results from a combination of genetic and environmental risk factors.Genetic predisposition is indicated by the higher familial incidence of the disease particularly among siblings and the high concordance rate among monozygotic twins.Environmental triggering events appear crucial to disrupt a pre-existing unstable immune tolerance of genetic origin allowing,after a long latency,the emergence of clinical disease.Initiating mimetopes of the vulnerable epitope of the PDC-E2 autoantigen can be derived from microbes that utilize the PDC enzyme or,alternatively,environmental xenobiotics/chemical compounds that modify the structure of native proteins to make them immunogenic.A further alternative as a source of antigen is PDC-E2 derived from apoptotic cells.In the effector phase the biliary ductular cell,by reason of itsproclivity to express the antigen PDC-E2 in the course of apoptosis,undergoes a multilineage immune attack comprised of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and antibody.In this article,we critically review the available evidence on etiopathogenesis of PBC and present interpretations of complex data,new developments and theories,and nominate directions for future research. | Ana Lleo Pietro Invernizzi Ian R Mackay Harry Prince Ren-Qian Zhong M Eric Gershwin | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，21： | 9 |
| 2 | Systematic mechanism-orientated approach to chronic pancreatitis pain显示文摘Pain in chronic pancreatitis(CP) shows similarities with other visceral pain syndromes(i.e.,inflammatory bowel disease and esophagitis),which should thus be managed in a similar fashion.Typical causes of CP pain include increased intrapancreatic pressure,pancreatic inflammation and pancreatic/extrapancreatic complications.Unfortunately,CP pain continues to be a major clinical challenge.It is recognized that ongoing pain may induce altered central pain processing,e.g.,central sensitization or pro-nociceptive pain modulation.When this is present conventional pain treatment targeting the nociceptive focus,e.g.,opioid analgesia or surgical/endoscopic intervention,often fails even if technically successful.If central nervous system pain processing is altered,specific treatment targeting these changes should be instituted(e.g.,gabapentinoids,ketamine or tricyclic antidepressants).Suitable tools are now available to make altered central processing visible,including quantitative sensory testing,electroencephalograpy and(functional) magnetic resonance imaging.These techniques are potentially clinically useful diagnostic tools to analyze central pain processing and thus define optimum management approaches for pain in CP and other visceral pain syndromes.The present review proposes a systematic mechanism-orientated approach to pain management in CP based on a holistic view of the mechanisms involved.Future research should address the circumstances under which central nervous system pain processing changes in CP,and how this is influenced by ongoing nociceptive input and therapies.Thus we hope to predict which patients are at risk for developing chronic pain or not responding to therapy,leading to improved treatment of chronic pain in CP and other visceral pain disorders. | Stefan AW Bouwense Marjan de Vries Luuk TW Schreuder Soren S Olesen Jens B Frokjær Asbjorn M Drewes Harry van Goor Oliver HG Wilder-Smith | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，1： | 6 |
| 3 | Cost-utility of molecular adsorbent recirculating system treatment in acute liver failure显示文摘AIM:To determine the short-term cost-utility of mo-lecular adsorbent recirculating system(MARS) treatment in acute liver failure(ALF).METHODS:A controlled retrospective study was conducted with 90 ALF patients treated with MARS from 2001 to 2005.Comparisons were made with a historical control group of 17 ALF patients treated from 2000 to 2001 in the same intensive care unit(ICU) specializing in liver diseases.The 3-year outcomes and number of liver transplantations were recorded.All direct liver disease-related medical expenses from 6 mo before to 3 years after ICU treatment were determined for 31 MARS patients and 16 control patients.The health-related quality of life(HRQoL) before MARS treatment was estimated by a panel of ICU doctors and after MARS using a mailed 15D(15-dimensional generic healthrelated quality of life instrument) questionnaire.The HRQoL,cost,and survival data were combined and the incremental cost/quality-adjusted life years(QALYs) was calculated.RESULTS:In surviving ALF patients,the health-related quality of life after treatmeant was generally high and comparable to the age-and gender-matched general Finnish population.Compared to the controls,the average cost per QALY was considerably lower in the MARS group(64 732€ vs 133 858€) within a timeframe of 3.5 years.The incremental cost of standard medical treatment alone compared to MARS was 10 928€,and the incremental number of QALYs gained by MARS was 0.66.CONCLUSION:MARS treatment combined with standard medical treatment for ALF in an ICU setting is more cost-effective than standard medical treatment alone. | Taru Kantola Suvi Mklin Anna-Maria Koivusalo Pirjo Rsnen Anne Rissanen Risto Roine Harri Sintonen Krister Hckerstedt Helena Isoniemi | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，18： | 3 |
| 4 | Salpingotomy versus salpingectomy in women with tubal pregnancy (ESEP study): an open-label, multicentre, randomised controlled trial显示文摘 | Femke Mol Norah M van Mello Annika Strandell Karin Strandell Davor Jurkovic Jackie Ross Kurt T Barnhart Tamer M Yalcinkaya Harold R Verhoeve Giuseppe C M Graziosi Carolien A M Koks Ingmar Klinte Lars Hogstr?m Ineke C A H Janssen Harry Kragt Annemieke Hoek | 2014 | The Lancet2014，，： | 2 |
| 5 | A comparison of several vector quantization codebook generation approaches显示文摘 | Huang C M Harris R W | 1993 | IEEE Transactions on Image Processing1993，2，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Complete genomes of two clinical Staphylococcus aureus strains:evidence for the rapid evolution of virulence and drug resistance显示文摘 | Holden MT Feil EJ Lindsay JA Peacock SJ Day NP Enright MC Foster TJ Moore CE Hurst L Atkin R Barron A Bason N Bentley SD Chillingworth C Chillingworth T Churcher C Clark L Corton C Cronin A Doggett J Dowd L Feltwell T Hance Z Harris B Hauser H Holroyd S Jagels K James KD Lennard N Line A Mayes R Moule S Mungall K Ormond D Quail MA Rabbinowitsch E Rutherford K Sanders M Sharp S Simmonds M Stevens K Whitehead S Barrell BG Spratt BG Parkhill J | 2004 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA2004，101，26： | 1 |
| 7 | The Effect of Financial Liberalization on the Capital Structure and Invest- ment Decisions of Indonesian Manufacturing Establishments 显示文摘 | Harris J R Schiantarelli F Siregar M G | 1994 | World Bank Economic Review1994，8，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Regulation of progenitor cell proliferation and granulocyte function by microRNA-223 显示文摘 | Johnnidis J B Harris M H Wheeler R T | 2008 | Nature2008，451，7182： | 1 |
| 9 | Deciphering the biology of My cobacterium tuberculosis from the complete genome sequence 显示文摘 | Cole S T Brosch R Parkhill J Gamier T Churcher C Harris D Gordon S V Eiglmeier K Gas S Barry C E Tekaia F Badcock K Basham D Brown D Chillingworth T Cormor R Davies R Devlin K FeltweU T Gentles S Hamlin N Holroyd S Hornsby T Jagels K Kroghs A McLean J Moule S Murphy L Oliver K Osborne J Quail M A Rafandream M A Rogers J Rutter S Seeger K Skelton J Squaraes R Squares S Sulston J E Taylo K Whitehead S Barrell B G | 1998 | Nature1998，393，： | 1 |
| 10 | Shh-Bmp2 signaling module and the evolutionary origin and diversification of feathers 显示文摘 | Harris M P Fallon J F Prum R O | 2002 | J Exp Zool2002，，294： | 1 |
| 11 | Error-correcting barcoded primers for pyrosequencing hundreds of samples in multiplex 显示文摘 | Hamady M Walker JJ Harris JK Gold NJ Knight R | 2008 | Nat Methods2008，5，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Swainsonine inhibits the biosynthesis of complex glycoproteins by inhibition of Golgi mannosidase Ⅱ显示文摘 | Tulsiani D R P Harris T M Touster O | 1982 | Journal of Biological Chemistry1982，257，14： | 1 |
| 13 | Hair loss as a result of cutaneous autoimmunity:frontiers in the immunopathogenesis of primary cicatricial alopecia显示文摘 | Harries M J Meyer KC Paus R | | 0，，06： | 1 |
| 14 | A review of the management of the male breast carcinoma based on all analysis of 420 treated cases显示文摘 | Ribeiro GG Swindell R Harris M | 1996 | Breast1996，5，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Mortality of HIV-in- fected patients starting potent antiretroviral therapy:com- parison with the general population in nine industrialized countries显示文摘 | Zwahlen M Harris R May M | 2009 | Int J Epidemiol2009，38，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Screening for asymptomtic deep vein thrombosis in surgical intensive care patients显示文摘 | Harris L M Curl G R Booth F V | 1997 | J Vasc Surg1997，26，6： | 1 |
| 17 | Phosphate-induced metal immobilization in a contaminated site 显示文摘 | CAO R X MA L Q CHEN M SINGH S P HARRIS W G | 2003 | Environmental Pollution2003，122，： | 1 |
| 18 | A comparison between Mohs micrographic surgery and wide surgical excision for the treatment of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans显示文摘 | Gloster H M Harris K R Roenigk R K | 1996 | J Am Acad Dermatol1996，35，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Regulation of progenitor cell proliferation and granulocyte function by microRNA-223显示文摘 | Johnnidis J B Harris M H Wheeeler R T | 2008 | Nature2008，451，： | 1 |
| 20 | Utilization of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) leaf meal by rabbits显示文摘 | Cheeke P R Harris D J Patton N M | 1984 | Nitrogen Fixing Tree Research Reports1984，，2： | 1 |
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