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| 1 | Interleukin-6: a villain in the drama of pancreatic cancer development and progression显示文摘BACKGROUND: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is a devastating malignancy with a poor prognosis and little treatment options. The development and progression of the disease is fostered by inflammatory cells and cytokines. One of these cytokines is interleukin-6(IL-6), which plays an important role in a wide range of biologic activities.DATA SOURCES: A systematic search of PubMed was performed to identify relevant studies using key words such as interleukin-6,inflammatory cytokines, inflammation and pancreatic cancer or PDAC. Articles related to IL-6 and pancreatic cancer were systematically reviewed.RESULTS: IL-6 is elevated in the serum of pancreatic cancer patients and correlates with cachexia, advanced tumor stage and poor survival. Its expression is enhanced by hypoxia and proteins involved in pancreatic cancer development like Kras,mesothelin or ZIP4. IL-6 in turn contributes to the generation of a pro-tumorigenic microenvironment and is probably involved in angiogenesis and metastasis. In experimental mouse models of PDAC, IL-6 was important for the development and progression of precursor lesions.CONCLUSION: IL-6 emerges as a key player in pancreatic cancer development and progression, and hence should be considered as a new therapeutic target. | Reinhild Holmer Freya A Goumas Georg H Waetzig Stefan Rose-John Holger Kalthoff | 2014 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2014，13，4： | 16 |
| 2 | Exceptionally preserved brachiopods from the Chengjiang Lagerst(a|¨)tte(Yunnan,China):Perspectives on the Cambrian explosion of metazoans显示文摘The Cambrian explosion was coined to describe the geologically sudden appearance of numerous bilaterian body plans(Phyla)around the Ediacaran-Cambrian transition,around 565-520million years ago.Many explanations and conjectures have been postulated in order to explain the pattern and duration of this explosive radiation of many different phyla of early metazoans.Here,we focus on the evolution of a phylum of marine suspension-feeding animals—the brachiopods,as exemplified by the exceptionally preserved taxa from the celebrated Chengjiang Konservat Lagerst(a|¨)tte(Yunnan,China).The abundant soft-bodied preservation at these fossil quarries gives us the only firm insights into what brachiopods looked like and how they functioned and lived when they first appeared on the Earth.Studies of Chengjiang brachiopods demonstrate that the early animals developed a remarkably varied organization of tissues and organs shortly after the onset of Cambrian explosion.In the marine suspension-feeding brachiopods,most importantly the tentaculate feeding structure of early brachiopods is already differentiated into two shapes of lophophore,anteriorly coiled(spiralled)and posteriorly arching tentacle crowns and the unique latter type was previously not documented from fossil and living brachiopods.Also unlike any known Recent brachiopod,all the known Cambrian brachiopods from Chengjiang have an open digestive tract that was disposed either as a Ushaped gut in linguliform and stem group brachiopods,or straight gut with a posterior anus in some calcareous-shelled stocks.Moreover,in contrast toliving lingulids,all the Cambrian brachiopods have an epibenthic lifestyle either cemented by a ventral valve or attached by variable pedicles to establish complex ecological community encompassing primary tierers and variable secondary tierers.It is therefore assumed that brachiopods were the first benthic metazoan that achieved their success in ecological stratification and tiering complexity by late Atdabanian.The setae are also important for the brachiopod suspension-feeding life style,and in the Chengjiang braehiopods they include two types cilia-like and spine-like setae.The mantle canals of different braehiopod species are also distinctly variable in arrangement,mainly disposed in pinnate,baeulate and peripheral conditions.Of these,the peripheral disposition of mantle canals is for the first time proposed here so as to differentiate from the bifurcate condition in recent lingulids in that the former is devoid of posteriorly extending main trunks of sinus,but possesses a diverging dorsal vascula media in dichotomy. | ZHANG ZhiFei HOLMER Lars Erik | 2013 | Science Foundation in China2013，21，2： | 10 |
| 3 | 华南峡东地区最早的乳孔贝类腕足动物壳体超微结构和发育研究显示文摘乳孔贝(acrotretids)是一类繁盛于寒武纪晚期—奥陶纪并灭绝于泥盆纪的微型腕足动物,其特殊的壳体形态及柱状结构使其与其它舌形贝型腕足动物的系统学关系模糊不清。华南峡东地区寒武纪早期(第二世)水井沱组薄层灰岩中发现最早的精美保存的乳孔贝类腕足动物Eohadrotreta zhenbaensis(镇巴始壮贝)。本文首次解析Eohadrotreta的壳体形态和三级壳层结构。通过壳体显微结构的研究,解译出其个体存在的4个壳体发育阶段,即胎壳(protegulum)、幼年壳(brephic shell)、少年壳(neanic shell)和成年壳(mature shell),从而揭示乳孔贝悬浮滤食生活的幼虫阶段及其后的变态发育过程。更重要的是,在对这些壳体化石进行扫描成像过程中还发现精美保存的表皮细胞印模结构(epithelial cell moulds),它们在壳体内表面的分布规律反映了其与相应的软躯体附着区之间的紧密联系,揭示了其潜在的分类价值。随着对乳孔贝研究的深入,华南地区最早的乳孔贝类Eohadrotreta相继报道于扬子板块上的陕南、峡东、黔中地区,可能的华北板块南缘,以及喜马拉雅和澳大利亚南部地区,表明Eohadrotreta不仅是华南而且是不同大陆间寒武纪第二世洲际地层对比的重要化石。 | 张志亮 张志飞 Lars Holmer | 2017 | 古生物学报2017，36，4： | 4 |
| 4 | Anticoagulant and an-tithrom-botic effects of heparin and low molecular weight hepa-rin fragments in rabbits显示文摘 | Holmer E Mattsson C Nilsson S | 1982 | Thromb Res1982，25，6： | 1 |
| 5 | Thermal manikin history and application 显示文摘 | Holmer I | 2004 | European Journal of Applied Physiology2004，92，6： | 1 |
| 6 | Association between a deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme gene and left ventricular hypertrophy显示文摘 | Schunkert H Hense HW Holmer SR | 1994 | N Engl J Med1994，330，23： | 1 |
| 7 | Faster Than Speeding Bullet Train显示文摘 | Holmer P | 2003 | Spectrum IEEE2003，40，8： | 1 |
| 8 | Characterization of volatiles from cultured dairy spreads during storage by dynamic headspace GC/MS显示文摘 | LUND P HOLMER G | 2001 | European Food Research and Technology2001，212，6： | 1 |
| 9 | Cooling vests with phase change material packs:the effects of temperature gradient,mass and covering area显示文摘 | GAO C KUKLANE K HOLMER I | 2010 | Ergonomics2010，53，5： | 1 |
| 10 | The effect of pH on shelf-life of pork during aging and simulated retail display 显示文摘 | Holmer SF McKeith RO Boler DD | 2009 | Meat Science2009，82，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Evaluation of the aldosterone synthase( CYP11B2 )gene polymorphism in patients with myocanlial infraction 显示文摘 | Hengstenberg C Holmer B Mayer B | 2000 | Hypertension2000，35，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Mortality and morbidity in adult craniopharyngioma 显示文摘 | Erfurth EM Holmer H Fjalldal SB | 2013 | Pituitary2013，16，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Decomposition of plant materialsin marine sediments exposed to different electron aceeptors 02, NOr, SO2-, with emphasis on substrate origin, degradation kinetics, and the role of bioturbation显示文摘 | Kristensen E Holmer M | 2001 | Geochimica et Cosmo-chimiea Acta2001，65，： | 1 |
| 14 | Anticoagulant properties of heparin fractionated by affinity chromatography on matrix-bound antithrombin III and by gel filtration显示文摘 | Andersson L O Barrowcliffea T W Holmer E | 1976 | Thrombosis Research1976，9，6： | 1 |
| 15 | The effects of wind and human movement on the heat and vapour transfer properties of clothing显示文摘 | Parsons K C Havenith G Holmer I | 1999 | The Annals of Occupational Hygiene1999，43，34： | 1 |
| 16 | Heated manikins as a tool for evaluating clothing 显示文摘 | Holmer I | 1995 | The Annals Occupational Hygiene1995，39，6： | 1 |
| 17 | Role of renal nerves for the expression of renin in adult rat kidney显示文摘 | Holmer S Rinne B Eckardt KU | 1994 | Am J Physiol1994，266，52： | 1 |
| 18 | NT-proBNP and the diagnosis of heart failure:a pooled analysis of three European epidemiological studies显示文摘 | McDonagh TA Holmer S Raymond I | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 19 | Transition zone studies of vegetable fiber-cement paste composites显示文摘 | Holmer Savastano Jr Vahan Agopyan | | 0，，21： | 1 |
| 20 | Seasonality of sulfate reduction and pore water solutes in a marine fish farm sediment: the im- portance of temperature and sediment organic matter显示文摘 | Holmer H Kristensen E | 1996 | Biogeochemistry1996，32，1： | 1 |
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