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| 1 | Effects of organic acids on Cd adsorption and desorption by two anthropic soils显示文摘The objective of this experiment was to study the effects of malic, tartaric, oxalic, and citric acid on the adsorption and desorption characteristics of Cd by two typical anthropic soils (lou soil and irrigation-silted soil) in North-west China. Cadmium adsorption and desorption were studied under a range of temperatures (25℃, 30℃, 35℃, 40℃), organic acid concentrations (0.5-5.0 mmol·L-1), and pH values (2-8). The results showed that the Cd adsorption capacity of the lou soil was significantly greater than that of the irrigation-silted soil. Generally, Cd adsorption increased as the temperature increased. In the presence of NaNO3, the adsorption of Cd was endothermic with △H values of 31.365 kJ·mo1-1 for lou soil and 28.278 kJ·mol-1 for irrigation-silted soil. The endothermic reaction indicated that H bonds were the main driving force for Cd adsorption in both soils. However, different concentrations of organic acids showed various influences on the two soils. In the presence of citric acid, chemical adsorption and van der Waals interactions were the main driving forces for Cd adsorption rather than H bonds. Although the types of organic acids and soil properties were different, the effects of the organic acids on the adsorption and desorption of Cd were similar in the two soils. The adsorption percentage of Cd generally decreased as organic acid concentrations increased. In contrast, the adsorption percentage increased as the pH of the initial solution increased. The exception was that adsorption percentage of Cd increased slightly as oxalic acid concentrations increased. In contrast, the desorption percentage of Cd increased with increasing concentrations of organic acids but decreased as the initial solution pH increased. | Jingui WANG | 2013 | Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering2013，7，1： | 8 |
| 2 | Effects of L-3-n-butylphthalide on caspase-3 and nuclear factor kappa-B expression in primary basal forebrain and hippocampal cultures after beta-amyloid peptide 1-42 treatment显示文摘BACKGROUND:L-3-n-butylphthalide(L-NBP) can inhibit phosphorylation of tau protein and reduce the neurotoxicity of beta-amyloid peptide 1-42(Aβ_(1-42)). OBJECTIVE:To observe the neuroprotective effects of L-NBP on caspase-3 and nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB) expression in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:A cell experiment was performed at the Central Laboratory of Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University between January 2008 and August 2008. MATERIALS:L-NBP(purity>98%) was provided by Shijiazhuang Pharma Group NBP Pharmaceutical Company Limited.Aβ_(1-42),3-[4,5-dimethylthiazolo-2]-2,5 iphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT),and rabbit anti-Caspase-3 polyclonal antibody were provided by Cell Signaling, USA;goat anti-choactase and rabbit anti-NF-κB antibodies were provided by Santa Cruz,USA. METHODS:Primary cultures were generated from rat basal forebrain and hippocampal neurons at 17 or 19 days of gestation.The cells were assigned into five groups:the control group,the Aβ_(1-42) group(2μmol/ L),the Aβ_(1-42) + 0.1μmol/L L-NBP group,the Aβ_(1-42)+ 1μmol/L L-NBP group,and the Aβ_(1-42)+ 10μmol/L L-NBP group.The neurons were treated with Aβ_(1-42)(2μmol/L) alone or in combination with L-NBP(0.1,1,10μmol/L) for 48 hours.Cells in the control group were incubated in PBS. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Morphologic changes were evaluated using inverted microscopy, viability using the MTT method,and the changes in caspase-3 and NF-κB expression using Western blot. RESULTS:Induction with Aβ_(1-42) for 48 hours caused cell death and soma atrophy,and increased caspase-3 and NF-κB expression(P<0.05).L-NBP blocked these changes in cell morphology, decreased caspase-3 and NF-κB expression(P<0.05),and improved cell viability,especially at the high dose(P<0.05). CONCLUSION:Aβ_(1-42) is toxic to basal forebrain and hippocampal primary neurons;L-NBP protects against this toxicity and inhibits the induction of caspase-3 and NF-κB expression. | Ruixia Wang Yong Zhang Liangliang Jiang Guozhao Ma Qingxi Fu Jialong Li Peng Yan Lunqian Shen Yabo Feng Chunxia Li Zaiying Pang Yuanxiao Cui Chunfu Chen Yifeng Du Zhaokong Liu | 2009 | Neural Regeneration Research2009，4，4： | 3 |
| 3 | How to commercialize solid-state batteries:a perspective from solid electrolytes显示文摘Lithium-ion batteries with flammable liquid electrolytes and graphite anodes suffer from insufficient energy density and potential safety risks.Solid electrolytes are very promising to completely address these issues[1,2],because solid electrolytes that are electrochemically stable with Li metal anodes and compatible with high-voltage cathodes can simultaneously achieve high safety and high energy density.Generally,solid electrolytes can be classified into two groups:solid polymers and inorganic solids,including oxides,sulfides and halides[3]. | Zhuo Li Jialong Fu Xin Guo | 2023 | National Science Open2023，2，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Segregation Behaviour and Microstructure of Alloy 718VADER Ingot显示文摘The segregation behaviour and miclostructure of an alloy 718 VADER ingot in comparison with a VAR ingot were studied. The results show that one serious problem of the alloy 718 VADER ingot is dealing with radial chemistry gradients (especially macro-segregation in Nb). The main factor of Nb gradient forming is the flow of Nb rich fluid through passages among the cellular structures driven by centrifugal force from the rotating mold, Detailed structure and micro-segregation studies on ingots impress us that the VADER process does not show the advantage on the improvement of micro-segregation especially in Nb. The cellular structure produced by the VADER process is no more effective in reducjng Nb micro-segregation during homogenization treatment than the dendritic structure by the VAR process. Experimental results lead us to believe that the VADER process is unsuitable to manufacture alloy 718. | Yueguang YU Jie FU and Xishan XIE(University of Science and Technology Bejing, Beijing, 100083, China)Jialong XU and Chunyong JING(Shanghai Iron and Steel Research Institute, Shanghai, 200940, China) | 1994 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology1994，10，6： | 0 |
| 5 | Small molecule interfacial cross-linker for highly efficient two-dimensional perovskite solar cells显示文摘The nonradiative recombination of charge carriers at the hole transport layer(HTL)/perovskite interface generally induces remarkable performance loss of the inverted two-dimensional perovskite solar cells(2D PSCs). Herein, a cross-linkable small molecule of 2-mercaptoimidazole(2-MI) was introduced into the nickel oxide(NiO_(x))/2D perovskite interface. Experiments have confirmed the formation of Ni-N covalent bond by N atom in the 2-MI and Ni in the NiO_(x) and the coordinating between S atom of 2-MI and under-coordinated Pb^(2+) near to the NiO_(x)/perovskite interface, which contributes to creating a crosslinking between NiO_(x)/perovskite interface to restrain charge carrier recombination and enhance the extraction of hole carriers at the interface. Besides, the 2-MI modification layer is also beneficial for promoting the crystallinity of 2D perovskite. Consequently, the inverted 2D PSCs with 2-MI modification achieved the best power conversion efficiency of 15%. This paves a route to acquire highly efficient 2D PSCs by constructing a cross-linking at the NiO_(x)HTL/2D perovskite interface. | Hongming Hou Taotao Hu Fu Zhang Rui Liu Jialong He Chang Liu Yue Yu Dong Chen Qiaofeng Wu Meng Zhang Hua Yu | 2022 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2022，31，5： | 0 |
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