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| 1 | 肛裂临床诊治指南(第三次修订)显示文摘“美国结直肠外科医师协会(American Societyof ColonandRectal Surgeons.ASCRS)”(协会)致力于推进结直肠和肛门疾病的相关理论以及预防和诊疗水平的提高,给患者提供优质的医疗服务。“标准委员会”由协会中在结直肠外科方面有显著专长的成员组成。该委员会的建立是为了引领国际结直肠和肛门疾病诊治的发展,以建立具有循证医学证据的临床诊疗指南。指南是涵盖性的,非指令性的,目的是为临床决策提供信息,而非具体的治疗方法。指南适用于所有相关的医护人员以及希望得到相应指南中疾病的相关诊治信息的患者。 | Farshid Araghizadeh ~ Robin Boushey Sridhar Chalasani George Chang Robert Cima Gary Dunn Daniel Feingold Philip Fleshner Daniel Geisler Jill Genua Sharon Gregorcyk Daniel Herzig Andreas Kaiser Ravin Kumar David Larson Steven Mills John Monson P. Terry Phang Feza Remzi David Rivadeneira Howard Ross Peter Senatore Elin Sigurdson Thomas Stahl Scott Steele Scott Strong Charles Tement Judith Trudel Madhulika Varnna Martin Weiser 丁义江(译) 皇甫少华(译) 丁曙晴(译) | 2013 | 中华胃肠外科杂志2013，16，7： | 70 |
| 2 | 植物表型组学:发展、现状与挑战显示文摘随着遥感、机器人技术、计算机视觉和人工智能的发展,植物表型组学研究已经步入了快速成长阶段。本文首先介绍了植物表型组学的发展简史,包括其理论核心、研究方法、在生物研究中的应用以及国际上最新的研究动向。然后,针对各类表型技术载体平台如手持、人载、车载、田间实时监控、大型室内外自动化平台和航空机载等,分析这些技术手段在室内、外植物研究中的应用情况和实际问题。为了对表型研究中产生的巨量图像和传感器数据进行量化分析,把大数据转化为有实际意义的性状信息和生物学知识,本文着重讨论了后期表型数据解析和相应的研发过程。最后,提出表型组学的应用前景与未来展望,以期为中国的表型研究提供指导和建议。 | 周济 Francois Tardieu Tony Pridmore John Doonan Daniel Reynolds Neil Hall Simon Griffiths 程涛 朱艳 王秀娥 姜东 丁艳锋 | 2018 | 南京农业大学学报2018，41，4： | 64 |
| 3 | Environmental issues from coal mining and their solutions显示文摘The environmental challenges from coal mining include coal mine accidents,land subsidence,damage to the water environment,mining waste disposal and air pollution.These are either environmental pollution or landscape change.A conceptual framework for solving mine environmental issues is proposed.Clean processes,or remediation measures,are designed to address environmental pollution.Restoration measures are proposed to handle landscape change.The total methane drainage from 56 Chinese high methane concentration coal mines is about 101.94 million cubic meters.Of this methane,19.32 million,35.58 million and 6.97 million cubic meters are utilized for electricity generation,civil fuel supplies and other industrial purposes,respectively.About 39% of the methane is emitted into the atmosphere.The production of coal mining wastes can be decreased 10% by reuse of mining wastes as underground fills,or by using the waste as fuel for power plants or for raw material to make bricks or other infrastructure materials.The proper use of mined land must be decided in terms of local physical and socio-economical conditions.In European countries more than 50% of previously mined lands are reclaimed as forest or grass lands.However,in China more than 70% of the mined lands are reclaimed for agricultural purposes because the large population and a shortage of farmlands make this necessary.Reconstruction of rural communities or native residential improvement is one environmental problem arising from mining.We suggest two ways to reconstruct a farmer's house in China. | BIAN, Zhengfu INYANG, Hilary I DANIELS, John L OTTO, Frank STRUTHERS, Sue | 2010 | Mining Science and Technology2010，20，2： | 47 |
| 4 | 瑞舒伐他汀对存在亚临床动脉粥样硬化的低危人群颈动脉内膜中层厚度进展的影响——METEOR试验显示文摘背景:动脉粥样硬化往往在机体出现症状之前就已有所进展。目前,我们尚不清楚Framingham风险评分(Framinghaln risk score,FRS)较低的轻中度亚临床动脉粥样硬化中年人群是否能从治疗中获益。
目的:评价为期2年的他汀类药物治疗能否减缓颈动脉内膜中层厚度(carotid intimamedia thickness,CIMT)继续增厚或使粥样斑块消退。
设计、地点及参试者:“瑞舒伐他汀对内膜中层厚度影响的测评研究(Measuring Effects on Intima-Media Thickness:an Evaluation of Rosuvastatin,METEOR)”是2002年8月至2006年5月在美国及欧洲61个基层医疗中心开展的一项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照研究,共纳入984名参试者,有的参试者仅以年龄(平均年龄,57岁)为冠心病的危险因素,有的参试者10年内FRS低于10%、CIMT重庞增厚(1.2~3.5mm)、LDL胆固醇水平有所升高(平均值,154mg/dL)。
干预:参试者服用40mg瑞舒伐他汀或安慰剂。
主要观测指标:12个颈动脉位点最大CIMT的变化率(经B超检测);颈总动脉位点、颈动脉窦位点及颈内动脉位点最大CIMT的变化,颈总动脉位点平均CIMT的变化。仅在瑞舒伐他汀组中评估CIMT的消退情况。
结果:瑞舒伐他汀组参试者LDL胆固醇平均(SD)水平由基线时的155(24.1)mg/dL降至78(27.5)mg/dL,平均降低49%(与安慰剂组相比P〈0.001)。瑞舒伐他汀组12个颈动脉位点最大CIMT的变化值为-0.0014(95%CI,-0.0041~0.0014)mm/y,安慰剂组12个颈动脉位点最大CIMT的变化值为Q0131(95%CI,Q0087~Q0174)mm/y(P〈0.001)。瑞舒伐他汀组颈总动脉位点最大CIMT的变化值为-0.0038(95%CI,-0.0064~-0.0013)mm/y(P〈0.001),颈动脉窦位点最大CIMT的变化值为-0.0040(95%CI,-0.0090~0.0010)mm/y(P〈0.001),颈内动脉位点最大CIMT的变化值为0.0039(95%CI,-0.0009~0.0088)mm/y(P=0.02)。瑞舒伐他汀组颈总动脉位点平均CIMT的变化值为0.0004(95%CI,-0.0011~0.0019)mm/y(P〈0.001)。P值均为与安慰剂组相比。总的来说,瑞舒伐他汀具有良好的耐受性,很少引发严重的心血管不良事件(在2年内有6名参试者[0.86%]出现8起不良事件[1.1%])。
结论:对于FRS低于10%的亚临床动脉粥样硬化中年人群而言,瑞舒伐他汀能够在2年内显著降低最大CIMT的进展速率,与安慰剂相比差异具有统计学显著性。但是,瑞舒伐他汀无法诱导病变消退。今后,我们仍需开展大型远期试验来明确上述研究结果的临床意义. | John R. Crouse Ⅲ Joel S. Raichlen Ward A. Riley Gregory W. Evans Mike K. Palmer Daniel H. O' Leary Diederick E. Grobbee Michiel L. Bots 李军(译) | 2007 | 美国医学会杂志(中文版)2007，26，4： | 44 |
| 5 | 美国临床肿瘤学会IV期非小细胞肺癌化疗的临床实践指南更新显示文摘本文旨在为IV期非小细胞肺癌患者的治疗提供更新版推荐。本文资料检索源自2002年以来公布的相关随机试验文献。此指南范围限于化疗与生物治疗。更新委员会对这些文献进行了总结并提供了推荐更新。162篇文献符合标准被纳入参考。本推荐基于可改善总生存期的治疗方法。仅改善无进展生存期的治疗方法推动了对毒性及生存质量的监测。对于体力状态评分为0分或1分患者的一线治疗,可推荐以铂类为基础的细胞毒性药物的两药联用。对铂类治疗有禁忌的患者,可采用非铂类细胞毒性两药联合。对于体力状态评分为2分的患者,单一细胞毒性药物即可。对于疾病进展或经过4个周期的治疗仍对治疗无反应的患者,应停止一线细胞毒性化疗。即使在6个周期后患者对治疗仍有反应,亦应停止两药细胞毒性化疗。对于伴有明确的表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)突变的患者,可推荐一线采用吉非替尼治疗;对于EGFR突变为阴性或不明确的患者,细胞毒性化疗更佳。除具有特定临床特征的患者外,可推荐贝伐单抗与卡铂-紫杉醇联用。对于通过免疫组化证实EGFR阳性的肿瘤患者,可推荐西妥昔单抗与顺铂-长春瑞滨联用。多西紫杉醇、厄洛替尼、吉非替尼或培美曲塞被推荐作为二线治疗。对于未曾接受过厄洛替尼或吉非替尼治疗的患者,可推荐厄洛替尼作为三线治疗。现有数据不足以推荐常规三线采用细胞毒性药物。已有的证据也不足以推荐常规应用分子标记物选择化疗。 | Christopher G. AZZOLI Sherman Baker JR Sarah TEMIN William PAO Timothy ALIFF Julie BRAHMER David H. JOHNSON Janessa L. LASKIN Gregory MASTERS Daniel MILTON Luke NORDQUIST David G. PFISTER Steven PIANTADOSI Joan H. SCHILLER Reily SMITH Thomas J. SMITH John R. STRAWN David TRENT Giuseppe GIACCONE 丁燕(翻译) 南娟(翻译) 刘谦(翻译) 周清华(校对) 陈军(校对) | 2010 | 中国肺癌杂志2010，13，3： | 43 |
| 6 | 开放大学在新世纪面临的挑战显示文摘文章总结回顾了世界开放教育的发展历程及开放大学所取得的辉煌成绩,分析了21世纪的高等教育变革,提出在21世纪开放大学和开放学习必将在高等教育中发挥重要作用。文章探讨了开放大学在服务对象、教学内容、教学方法等方面的发展。提出社会、经济、政治、技术的发展都将对开放教育形式产生影响,但学习者才是开放大学首先要考虑的。 | John Daniel | 2001 | 中国远程教育2001，，1： | 35 |
| 7 | Hepatic steatosis is associated with an increased risk of carotid atherosclerosis显示文摘AIM: Although an association between helatic steatosis and vascular risk factors has been described, direct relationships between fatty liver and atherosclerosis have not yet been investigated. The aim of the present study has been to investigate those relationships.METHODS: The Study of Health in Pomerania examined a random population sample aged between 20 and 79 years.A study population of 4 222 subjects without hepatitis B and C infections and without liver cirrhosis was available for the present analysis. Hepatic steatosis was defined sonographically and intima-media thickness (IMT) as well as plaque prevalence were estimated by carotid ultrasound.RESULTS: The prevalence rate of hepatic steatosis was 29.9%. Among subjects aged ≥45 years, an association between hepatic steatosis and IMT of the carotid arteries was found in bivariate analysis, but not after adjustment for atherosclerotic risk factors. Individuals with fatty liver had more often carotid plaques than persons without fatty liver (plaque prevalence rate 76.8% vs 66.6%; P<0.001).This association persisted after adjustment for confounding factors and was predominantly present in subjects with no to mild alcohol consumption.CONCLUSION: There is an independent association between hepatic steatosis and carotid atherosclerotic plaques. Metabolic changes due to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease may explain this relationship. | Henry V(o|¨)lzke Daniel M.Robinson Volker Kleine Roland Deutscher Wolfgang Hoffmann Jan Lüdemann Ulf Schminke Christof Kessler Ulrich John | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，12： | 29 |
| 8 | A Stable, Wideband Tunable, Near Transform-Limited, Graphene- Mode-Locked, Ultrafast Laser显示文摘We report an ultrafast laser mode-locked with a graphene saturable absorber.The linear dispersions of the Dirac electrons in graphene enable wideband tunability.We get-1 ps pulses,tunable between 1525 and 1559 nm,with stable mode-locking,insensitive to environmental perturbations. | Zhipei Sun Daniel Popa Tawfique Hasan Felice Torrisi Fengqiu Wang Edmund J.R.Kelleher John C.Travers Valeria Nicolosi Andrea C.Ferrari | 2010 | Nano Research2010，3，9： | 24 |
| 9 | Spatio-temporal variation of vegetation in an arid and vulnerable coal mining region显示文摘Environmental assessment in an arid coal mining area requires an understanding of the influences of coal mining,the arid climate and ecological remediation.To that end,we selected vegetation as the key environmental factor to observe.Remote sensing approaches to monitoring the spatio-temporal variation of vegetation caused by mining activities,the arid climate and ecological remediation in the Shengdong coal mining area are described.Over a large regional scale it was found that the vegetation was improved as a result of ecological remediation activities.At the local scale,however,the vegetation coverage and soil moisture in the mined areas were slightly lower than those in un-mined areas due to mining subsidence.These differences are partly attributed to ground fissures that injure root systems and increase the depletion of soil moisture.It is recommended that fissures be reduced and filled to lessen their adverse effects on the environment. | LEI Shaogang BIAN Zhengfu DANIELS John L HE Xiao | 2010 | Mining Science and Technology2010，20，3： | 20 |
| 10 | Updated Analysis of SWOG-Directed Intergroup Study 0116: A Phase III Trial of Adjuvant Radiochemotherapy Versus Observation After Curative Gastric Cancer Resection显示文摘 | Stephen R. Smalley Jacqueline K. Benedetti Daniel G. Haller Scott A. Hundahl Norman C. Estes Jaffer A. Ajani Leonard L. Gunderson Bryan Goldman James A. Martenson J. Milburn Jessup Grant N. Stemmermann Charles D. Blanke John S. Macdonald | 2012 | Journal of Clinical Oncology2012，，19： | 13 |
| 11 | ZFN,TALEN and CRISPR-Cas9 mediated homology directed gene insertion in Arabidopsis:A disconnect between somatic and germinal cells显示文摘Breakthroughs in the generation of programmable sequencespecific nucleases (SSNs),such as zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), TAL effector nucleases (TALENs)and the RNA-directed nuclease CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9),have greatly increased the ease of plant genome engineering (Voytas,2013;Malzahn et al., 2017).Programmable SSNs introduce a DNA double-strand break (DSB)at a target site in the genome that must be repaired by one of several endogenous DNA repair pathways. | Qiwei Shan Nicholas J.Baltes Paul Atkins Elida R. Kirkland Yong Zhang Joshua A.Ballet Levi G.Lowder Aimee A.Malzahn John C.Haugner Ⅲ Burckhard Seelig Daniel F. Voytas Yiping Qi | 2018 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2018，45，12： | 9 |
| 12 | Dual color optogenetic control of neural populations using low-noise,multishank optoelectrodes显示文摘Optogenetics allows for optical manipulation of neuronal activity and has been increasingly combined with intracellular and extracellular electrophysiological recordings.Genetically-identified classes of neurons are optically manipulated,though the versatility of optogenetics would be increased if independent control of distinct neural populations could be achieved on a sufficient spatial and temporal resolution.We report a scalable multisite optoelectrode design that allows simultaneous optogenetic control of two spatially intermingled neuronal populations in vivo.We describe the design,fabrication,and assembly of low-noise,multisite/multicolor optoelectrodes.Each shank of the four-shank assembly is monolithically integrated with 8 recording sites and a dualcolor waveguide mixer with a 7×30μm cross-section,coupled to 405 nm and 635 nm injection laser diodes(ILDs)via gradient-index(GRIN)lenses to meet optical and thermal design requirements.To better understand noise on the recording channels generated during diode-based activation,we developed a lumped-circuit modeling approach for EMI coupling mechanisms and used it to limit artifacts to amplitudes under 100μV upto an optical output power of 450μW.We implanted the packaged devices into the CA1 pyramidal layer of awake mice,expressing Channelrhodopsin-2 in pyramidal cells and ChrimsonR in paravalbumin-expressing interneurons,and achieved optical excitation of each cell type using sub-mW illumination.We highlight the potential use of this technology for functional dissection of neural circuits. | Komal Kampasi Daniel F.English John Seymour Eran Stark Sam McKenzie Mihály Vöröslakos György Buzsáki Kensall D.Wise Euisik Yoon | 2018 | Microsystems & Nanoengineering2018，4，1： | 8 |
| 13 | Screening and Surveillance for the Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer and Adenomatous Polyps, 2008: A Joint Guideline From the American Cancer Society, the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer, and the American College of Radiology显示文摘 | Bernard Levin David A. Lieberman Beth McFarland Kimberly S. Andrews Durado Brooks John Bond Chiranjeev Dash Francis M. Giardiello Seth Glick David Johnson C. Daniel Johnson Theodore R. Levin Perry J. Pickhardt Douglas K. Rex Robert A. Smith Alan Thorson S | 2008 | Gastroenterology2008，，5： | 8 |
| 14 | Association between thyroid function and gallstone disease显示文摘AIM: To investigate those associations using data of the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania.METHODS: A study population of 3 749 residents aged 20-79 years without previously diagnosed thyroid disease was available for analyses. Serum TSH was used to assess thyroid function. Cholelithiasis was defined by either a prior history of cholecystectomy or the presence of gallstones on ultrasound. Logistic regression was performed to analyze independent associations between thyroid function and cholelithiasis.RESULTS: There were 385 persons (10.3%) with low (<0.3 mIU/L), 3 321 persons (88.6%) with normal and 43 persons (1.2%) with high serum TSH levels (>3 mIU/L).The proportion of cholelithiasis among males and females was 14.4% and 25.3%, respectively. Among males, there was an independent relation between high serum TSH and cholelithiasis (OR 3.77; 95%-CI 1.06-13.41; ,P<0.05). zAlso among males, there was a tendency towards an elevated risk of cholelithiasis in persons with low serum TSH (OR 1.40; 95%-CI 0.96-2.02; P = 0.07). In the female population, no such relation was identified.CONCLUSION: There is an association between thyroid and gallstone disease with a gender-specific relation between hypothyroidism and cholelithiasis. | Henry Vlzke Daniel M Robinson Ulrich John | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，35： | 8 |
| 15 | Diagnosis and Management of the Metabolic Syndrome: An American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Scientific Statement显示文摘 | Scott M. Grundy James I. Cleeman Stephen R. Daniels Karen A. Donato Robert H. Eckel Barry A. Franklin David J. Gordon Ronald M. Krauss Peter J. Savage Sidney C. Smith John A. Spertus Fernando Costa | 2005 | Circulation2005，，17： | 7 |
| 16 | Validation of a discrete element model using magnetic resonance measurements显示文摘The discrete element model(DEM)is a very promising modelling strategy for two-phase granular systems.However,owing to a lack of experimental measurements,validation of numerical simulations of two-phase granular systems is still an important issue.In this study,a small two-dimensional gas- fluidized bed was simulated using a discrete element model.The dimensions of the simulated bed were 44 mm×10 mm×120 mm and the fluidized particles had a diameter dp=1.2 mm and density p=1000 kg/m3.The comparison between DEM simulations and experiments are performed on the basis of time-averaged voidage maps.The drag-law of Beetstra et al.[Beetstra,R.,van der Hoef,M.A.,&Kuipers,J. A.M.(2007b).Drag force of intermediate Reynolds number flow past mono-and bidispersed arrays of spheres. AIChE Journal,53,489–501]seems to give the best results.The simulations are fairly insensitive to the coefficient of restitution and the coefficient of friction as long as some route of energy dissipation during particle–particle and particle–wall contact is provided.Changing the boundary condition of the gas phase at the side-walls from zero-slip to full-slip does not affect the simulation results.Care is to be taken that the cell sizes are chosen so that a reasonable number of particles can be found in a fluid cell. | Christoph R.Müller Stuart A.Scott Daniel J.Holland Belinda C.Clarke Andrew J.Sederman John S.Dennis Lynn F.Gladden | 2009 | Particuology2009，7，4： | 7 |
| 17 | Anti-tumour necrosis factor agent and liver injury:literature review,recommendations for management显示文摘Abnormalities in liver function tests,including transient and self-limiting hypertransaminasemia,cholestatic disease and hepatitis,can develop during treatment with anti-tumour-necrosis-factor(TNF)therapy.The optimal management of liver injury related to antiTNF therapy is still a matter of debate.Although some authors recommend discontinuing treatment in case of both a rise of alanine aminotransferase more than5 times the upper limit of normal,or the occurrence of jaundice,there are no standard guidelines for the management of anti-TNF-related liver injury.Bibliographical searches were performed in Pub Med,using the following key words:inflammatory bowel disease(IBD);TNF inhibitors;hypertransaminasemia;drugrelated liver injury;infliximab.According to published data,elevation of transaminases in patients with IBD treated with anti-TNF is a common finding,but resolution appears to be the usual outcome.Anti-TNF agents seem to be safe with a low risk of causing severe drugrelated liver injury.According to our centre experience,we found that hypertransaminasemia was a common,mainly self-limiting finding in our IBD cohort and was not correlated to infliximab treatment on both univariate and multivariate analyses.An algorithm for the management of liver impairment occurring during antiTNF treatment is also proposed and this highlights the need of a multidisciplinary approach and suggests liver biopsy as a key-point in the management decision in case of severe rise of transaminases.However,hepatic injury is generally self-limiting and drug withdrawal seems to be an exception. | Roberta Elisa Rossi Ioanna Parisi Edward John Despott Andrew Kenneth Burroughs James O'Beirne Dario Conte Mark Ian Hamilton Charles Daniel Murray | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，46： | 7 |
| 18 | Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Pain, Agitation, and Delirium in Adult Patients in the Intensive Care Unit显示文摘 | Juliana Barr Gilles L. Fraser Kathleen Puntillo E. Wesley Ely Céline Gélinas Joseph F. Dasta Judy E. Davidson John W. Devlin John P. Kress Aaron M. Joffe Douglas B. Coursin Daniel L. Herr Avery Tung Bryce R. H. Robinson Dorrie K. Fontaine Michael A. Ramsa | 2013 | Critical Care Medicine2013，，1： | 6 |
| 19 | Polymeric biomaterials for biophotonic applications显示文摘With the growing importance of optical techniques in medical diagnosis and treatment,there exists a pressing need to develop and optimize materials platform for biophotonic applications.Particularly,the design of biocompatible and biodegradable materials with desired optical,mechanical,chemical,and biological properties is required to enable clinically relevant biophotonic devices for translating in vitro optical techniques into in situ and in vivo use.This technological trend propels the development of natural and synthetic polymeric biomaterials to replace traditional brittle,nondegradable silica glass based optical materials.In this review,we present an overview of the advances in polymeric optical material development,optical device design and fabrication techniques,and the accompanying applications to imaging,sensing and phototherapy. | Dingying Shan Ethan Gerhard Chenji Zhang John William Tierney Daniel Xie Zhiwen Liu Jian Yang | 2018 | Bioactive Materials2018，3，4： | 6 |
| 20 | It is safe to use transdermal glyceryl trinitrate to lower blood pressure in patients with acute ischaemic stroke with carotid stenosis显示文摘Background There is concern that blood pressure(BP)lowering in acute stroke may compromise cerebral perfusion and worsen outcome in the presence of carotid stenosis.We assessed the effect of glyceryl trinitrate(GTN)in patients with carotid stenosis using data from the Efficacy of Nitric Oxide in Stroke(ENOS)Trial.Methods ENOS randomised 4011 patients with acute stroke and raised systolic BP(140-220 mm Hg)to transdermal GTN or no GTN within 48 hours of onset.Those on prestroke antihypertensives were also randomised to stop or continue their medication for 7 days.The primary outcome was the modified Rankin Scale(mRS)at day 90.Ipsilateral carotid stenosis was split:<30%;30-<50%;50-<70%;≥70%.Data are ORs with 95%CIs adjusted for baseline prognostic factors.results 2023(60.5%)ischaemic stroke participants had carotid imaging.As compared with<30%,≥70%ipsilateral stenosis was associated with an unfavourable shift in mRS(worse outcome)at 90 days(OR 1.88,95%CI 1.44 to 2.44,p<0.001).Those with≥70%stenosis who received GTN versus no GTN had a favourable shift in mRS(OR 0.56,95%CI 0.34 to 0.93,p=0.024).In those with 50-<70%stenosis,continuing versus stopping prestroke antihypertensives was associated with worse disability,mood,quality of life and cognition at 90 days.Clinical outcomes did not differ across bilateral stenosis groups.Conclusions Following ischaemic stroke,severe ipsilateral carotid stenosis is associated with worse functional outcome at 90 days.GTN appears safe in ipsilateral or bilateral carotid stenosis,and might improve outcome in severe ipsilateral carotid stenosis. | Jason P Appleton Lisa J Woodhouse Andrew Belcher Daniel Bereczki Eivind Berge Valeria Caso Hui Meng Chang Hanne K Christensen Ronan Collins John Gommans Ann C Laska George Ntaios Serefnur Ozturk Gillian M Sare Szabolcs Szatmari Yongjun Wang Joanna M Wardlaw Nikola Sprigg Philip M Bath for the ENOS investigators | 2019 | Stroke & Vascular Neurology2019，4，1： | 6 |
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