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| 1 | Helper T cell differentiation显示文摘CD4^(+)T helper cells are key regulators of host health and disease.In the original model,specialized subsets of T helper cells are generated following activation through lineage-specifying cytokines and transcriptional programs,but recent studies have revealed increasing complexities for CD4^(+)T-cell differentiation.Here,we first discuss CD4^(+)T-cell differentiation from a historical perspective by highlighting the major studies that defined the distinct subsets of T helper cells.We next describe the mechanisms underlying CD4^(+)T-cell differentiation,including cytokine-induced signaling and transcriptional networks.We then review current and emerging topics of differentiation,including the plasticity and heterogeneity of T cells,the tissue-specific effects,and the influence of cellular metabolism on cell fate decisions.Importantly,recent advances in cutting-edge approaches,especially systems biology tools,have contributed to new concepts and mechanisms underlying T-cell differentiation and will likely continue to advance this important research area of adaptive immunity. | Jordy Saravia Nicole M.Chapman Hongbo Chi | 2019 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2019，16，7： | 25 |
| 2 | QMEC:a tool for high-throughput quantitative assessment of microbial functional potential in C,N,P,and S biogeochemical cycling显示文摘Microorganisms are major drivers of elemental cycling in the biosphere. Determining the abundance of microbial functional traits involved in the transformation of nutrients, including carbon(C), nitrogen(N), phosphorus(P) and sulfur(S), is critical for assessing microbial functionality in elemental cycling. We developed a high-throughput quantitative-PCR-based chip, Quantitative microbial element cycling(QMEC), for assessing and quantifying the genetic potential of microbiota to mineralize soil organic matter and to release C, N, P and S. QMEC contains 72 primer pairs targeting 64 microbial functional genes for C, N, P, S and methane metabolism. These primer pairs were characterized by high coverage(average of 18–20 phyla covered per gene)and sufficient specificity(>70% match rate) with a relatively low detection limit(7–102 copies per run). QMEC was successfully applied to soil and sediment samples, identifying significantly different structures, abundances and diversities of the functional genes(P<0.05). QMEC was also able to determine absolute gene abundance. QMEC enabled the simultaneous qualitative and quantitative determination of 72 genes from 72 samples in one run, which is promising for comprehensively investigating microbially mediated ecological processes and biogeochemical cycles in various environmental contexts including those of the current global change. | Bangxiao Zheng Yongguan Zhu Jordi Sardans Josep Penuelas Jianqiang Su | 2018 | Science China(Life Sciences)2018，61，12： | 18 |
| 3 | Preventative effects of a probiotic, Lactobacillus salivarius ssp. salivarius, in the TNBS model of rat colitis显示文摘AIM: To investigate the intestinal anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of a probiotic Lactobacillus sakuvarius ssp.salivariusCECT5713 in the TNBS model of rat colitis.METHODS: Female Wistar rats (180-200 g) were used in this study. A group of rats were administered orally the probiotic L. salivarius ssp. salivarius (5×108 CFU suspended in 0.5 mL of skimmed milk) daily for 3 wk. Two additional groups were used for reference, a non-colitic and a control colitic without probiotic treatment, which received orally the vehicle used to administer the probiotic. Two weeks after starting the experiment, the rats were rendered colitic by intracolonic administration of 10 mg of TNBS dissolved in 0.25 mL of 500 mL/L ethanol. One week after colitis induction, all animals were killed and colonic damage was evaluated both histologically and biochemically. The biochemical studies performed in colonic homogenates include determination of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity,glutathione (GSH) content, leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) levels, as well as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. In addition, the luminal contents obtained from colonic samples were used for microbiological studies, in order to determine Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria counts.RESULTS: Treatment of colitic rats with L. salivarius ssp.salivarius resulted in amelioration of the inflammatory response in colitic rats, when compared with the corresponding control group without probiotic treatment. This antiinflammatory effect was evidenced macroscopically by a significant reduction in the extent of colonic necrosis and/or inflammation induced by the administration of TNBS/ethanol (2.3+0.4 cm vs3.4+0.3 cm in control group,P<0.01) and histologically by improvement of the colonic architecture associated with a reduction in the neutrophil infiltrate in comparison with non-treated colitic rats. The latter was confirmed biochemically by a significant reduction of colonic MPO activity (105.3+26.0 U/g vs180.6±21.9 U/g, P<0.05), a marker of neutrophil infiltration. The beneficial effect was associated with an increase of the colonic GSH content (1 252±42 nmol/g vs 1 087+51 nmol/g, P<0.05),which is depleted in colitic rats, as a consequence of the oxidative stress induced by the inflammatory process. In addition, the treatment of colitic rats with L. salivarius resulted in a significant reduction of colonic TNF-α levels (509.4±68.2 pg/g vs782.9±60.1 pglg, P<0.01) and in a lower colonic iNOS expression, when compared to TNBS control animals without probiotic administration. Finally,treated colitic rats showed higher counts of Lactobacilli species in colonic contents than control colitic rats, whereas no differences were observed in Bifidobacteria counts.CONCLUSION: Administration of the probiotic L. salivarius ssp. salivarius CECT5713 facilitates the recovery of the inflamed tissue in the TNBS model of rat colitis, an effect associated with amelioration of the production of some of the mediators involved in the inflammatory response in the intestine, such as cytokines, including TNF-α and NO. This beneficial effect could be ascribed to its effect on the altered immune response that occurs in this inflammatory condition. | Laura Peran Desiree Camuesco Monica Comalada Ana Nieto Angel Concha Maria Paz Diaz-Ropero Monica Olivares Jordi Xaus Antonio Zarzuelo Julio Galvez | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，33： | 17 |
| 4 | Bone-conditioned medium contributes to initiation and progression of osteogenesis by exhibiting synergistic TGF-β1/BMP-2 activity显示文摘Guided bone regeneration (GBR) often utilizes a combination of autologous bone grafts, deproteinized bovine bone mineral(DBBM), and collagen membranes. DBBM and collagen membranes pre-coated with bone-conditioned medium (BCM) extracted from locally harvested autologous bone chips have shown great regenerative potential in GBR. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the composition of BCM and its activity on the osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stromal cells. We detected a fast and significant (P <0.001) release of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) from autologous bone within 10 min versus a delayed bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) release from 40 min onwards. BCMs harvested within short time periods (10, 20, or 40 min), corresponding to the time of a typical surgical procedure, significantly increased the proliferative activity and collagen matrix production of BCM-treated cells. Long-term (1, 3, or 6 days)-extracted BCMs promoted the later stages of osteoblast differentiation and maturation. Short-term-extracted BCMs, in which TGF-β1 but no BMP-2was detected, reduced the expression of the late differentiation marker osteocalcin. However, when both growth factors were present simultaneously in the BCM, no inhibitory effects on osteoblast differentiation were observed, suggesting a synergistic TGF-β1/BMP-2 activity. Consequently, in cells that were co-stimulated with recombinant TGF-β1 and BMP-2, we showed a significant stimulatory and dose-dependent effect of TGF-β1 on BMP-2-induced osteoblast differentiation due to prolonged BMP signaling and reduced expression of the BMP-2 antagonist noggin. Altogether, our data provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the favorable outcome from GBR procedures using BCM, derived from autologous bone grafts. | Maria B.Asparuhova Jordi Caballé-Serrano Daniel Buser Vivianne Chappuis | 2018 | International Journal of Oral Science2018，10，4： | 17 |
| 5 | Hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘 | Alejandro Forner Josep M Llovet Jordi Bruix | 2012 | The Lancet2012，，9822： | 15 |
| 6 | Altered Lignin Biosynthesis Improves Cellulosic Bioethanol Production in Transgenic Maize Plants Down-Regulated for Cinnamyl Alcohol Dehydrogenase显示文摘Cinnamyl 白酒脱氢酶(CAD ) 是涉及 monolignol 生合成的最后步的关键酶。木质素生产上的 CAD 下面规定的效果在玉米通过一条转基因的途径被调查。转基因的 CAD-RNAi 植物显示出在房间墙作文取决于分析织物和表演改变的酶的减小的不同的度。没有影响全部的木质素内容, CAD-RNAi 茎的细胞墙在 S-to-G 比率与细微减小包含木质素聚合物。另外,这些房间墙积累纤维素和 arabinoxylans 的高水平。相反, CAD-RNAi 中肋的房间墙在全部的木质素内容并且房间墙多糖介绍减小。,在 vitro degradability,试金显示出那到不同程度, CAD 活动的压抑导致的变化生产了中肋和比野类型的植物更可能减解的茎。在这块地里种的 CAD-RNAi 植物介绍了野类型的显型并且生产了干燥生物资源的更高的数量。有纤维质的 bioethanol 试金表明 CAD-RNAi 生物资源生产了乙醇的高水平与相比野类型,使 CAD 成为一个好目标两个都改进玉米 lignocellulosic 生物资源的营养、精力充沛的值。 | Silvia Fornale Montserrat Capellades Antonio Encina Kan Wang Sami Irara Catherine Lapierre Katia Ruel Jean-Paul Joseleaue Jordi Berenguer Pere Puigdomenech Joan Rigau David Caparros-Ruiz | 2012 | Molecular Plant2012，5，4： | 14 |
| 7 | Hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘 | Alejandro Forner Josep M Llovet Jordi Bruix | 2012 | The Lancet . 2012 (9822)2012，，9822： | 13 |
| 8 | I.31, a new combination of probiotics, improves irritable bowel syndrome-related quality of life显示文摘AIM:To determine the dose-related effects of a novel probiotic combination,I.31,on irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)-related quality of life(IBS-QoL).METHODS:A multicenter,randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled intervention clinical trial with three parallel arms was designed.A total of 84 patients(53female,31 male;age range 20-70 years)with IBS and diarrhea according to Rome-Ⅲcriteria were randomly allocated to receive one capsule a day for 6 wk containing:(1)I.31 high dose(n=28);(2)I.31 low dose(n=27);and(3)placebo(n=29).At baseline,and 3and 6 wk of treatment,patients filled the IBSQoL,Visceral Sensitivity Index(VSI),and global symptom relief questionnaires.RESULTS:During treatment,IBS-QoL increased in all groups,but this increment was significantly larger in patients treated with I.31 than in those receiving placebo(P=0.008).After 6 wk of treatment,IBS-QoL increased by 18±3 and 22±4 points in the high and the low dose groups,respectively(P=0.041 and P=0.023vs placebo),but only 9±3 in the placebo group.Gutspecific anxiety,as measured with VSI,also showed a significantly greater improvement after 6 wk of treatment in patients treated with probiotics(by 10±2 and14±2 points,high and low dose respectively,P<0.05for both vs 7±1 score increment in placebo).Symptom relief showed no significant changes between groups.No adverse drug reactions were reported following the consumption of probiotic or placebo capsules.CONCLUSION:A new combination of three different probiotic bacteria was superior to placebo in improving IBS-related quality of life in patients with IBS and diarrhea. | Vicente Lorenzo-Zú?iga Elba Llop Cristina Suárez Beatriz álvarez Luis Abreu Jordi Espadaler Jordi Serra | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，26： | 13 |
| 9 | Prognostic value of increased carbohydrate antigen in patients with heart failure显示文摘AIM:To study the prognostic value of carbohydrateantigen 125(CA125) and whether it adds prognostic information to N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP) in stable heart failure(HF) patients.METHODS:The predictive value of CA125 was retrospectively assessed in 156 patients with stable HF remitted to the outpatient HF unit for monitoring from 2009 to 2011.Patients were included in the study if they had a previous documented episode of HF and received HF treatment.CA125 and NT-proBNP concentrations were measured.The independent association between NT-proBNP or CA125 and mortality was assessed with Cox regression analysis,and their combined predictive ability was tested by the integrated discrimination improvement(IDI) index.RESULTS:The mean age of the 156 patients was 72 ± 12 years.During follow-up(17 ± 8 mo),27 patients died,1 received an urgent heart transplantation and 106 required hospitalization for HF.Higher CA125 values were correlated with outcomes:58 ± 85 KU/L if hospitalized vs 34 ± 61 KU/L if not(P < 0.05),and 94 ± 121 KU/L in those who died or needed urgent heart transplantation vs 45 ± 78 KU/L in survivors(P < 0.01).After adjusting for propensity scores,the highest risk was observed when both biomarkers were elevated vs not elevated(HR = 8.95,95%CI:3.11-25.73; P < 0.001) and intermediate when only NT-proBNP was elevated vs not elevated(HR = 4.15,95%CI:1.41-12.24; P < 0.01).Moreover,when CA125 was added to the clinical model with NT-proBNP,a 4%(P < 0.05) improvement in the IDI was found.CONCLUSION:CA125 > 60 KU/L identified patients in stable HF with poor survival.Circulating CA125 level adds prognostic value to NT-proBNP level in predicting HF outcomes. | Ana B Méndez Jordi Ordonez-Llanos Andreu Ferrero Mariana Noguero Teresa Mir Josefina Mora Antoni Bayes-Genis Sònia Mirabet Juan Cinca Eulàlia Roig | 2014 | World Journal of Cardiology2014，6，4： | 13 |
| 10 | Systematic review of randomized trials for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: Chemoembolization improves survival显示文摘 | Josep M. Llovet Jordi Bruix | 2003 | Hepatology2003，，2： | 12 |
| 11 | Clinical Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Conclusions of the Barcelona-2000 EASL Conference显示文摘 | Jordi Bruix Morris Sherman Josep M Llovet Michel Beaugrand Riccardo Lencioni Andrew K Burroughs Erik Christensen Luigi Pagliaro Massimo Colombo Juan Rodés | 2001 | Journal of Hepatology2001，，3： | 11 |
| 12 | Arabidopsis SWC4 Binds DNA and Recruits the SWR1 Complex to Modulate Histone H2A.Z Deposition at Key Regulatory Genes显示文摘由在特定的 loci 的规章的区域的 SWR1 建筑群(SWR1-C ) 的 H2A.Z histone 变体的免职调制抄写。在 Arabidopsis thaliana 的变化的描述 ? 酵母 SWR1-C 的相当或相同的事物在许多发展过程为 H2A.Z 交换揭示了一个角色。不过,植物 SWR1-C 的准确作文并且指向基因怎么被招募,尚待被证实。这里,我们显示出那 SWC4,酵母 SANT 领域蛋白质 Swc4/Eaf2 的 Arabidopsis 相当或相同的事物,是与 SWR1-C 子单元交往的 DNA 有约束力的蛋白质。当 SWC4 RNAi 击倒的线显示时,我们证明 swc4-1 大美人异种是胚胎致命的 ? 包括 flowering 时间的加速,显示 SWC4 控制 embryonic 以后处理的植物、繁殖的特点地的多种的 phenotypic 改变。Transcriptomic 分析并且 H2A.Z 的染色体宽的介绍显示 SWC4 镇压很多基因的抄写包括花的综合者英尺和关键抄写因素,主要由 modulating H2A.Z 免职。有趣地, SWC4 silencing 不在 FLC 地点也不这基因的表示影响 H2A.Z 免职,以前显示出被 SWR1-C 控制的 flowering 的一个主人管理者。重要地,我们发现 SWC4 在目标基因的染色质区域认出特定的在富有的 DNA 元素并且 SWC4 silencing 一起损害在英尺有约束力的 SWR1-C,我们的数据建议 SWC4 由帮助 SWR1-C 招募和 modulating H2A.Z 调整植物生长和开发免职。 | Angeles Gomez-Zambrano Pedro Crevillen Jose M. Franco-Zorrilla Juan A. Lopez Jordi Moreno-Romero Pawel Roszak Juan Santos-Gonzalez Silvia Jurado Jesus Vazquez Claudia Kohler Roberto Solano Manuel Pineiro Jose A. Jarillo | 2018 | Molecular Plant2018，11，6： | 11 |
| 13 | Mitochondrial protection by low doses of insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰin experimental cirrhosis显示文摘AIM: To characterize the mitochondrial dysfunction in experimental cirrhosis and to study whether insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ) therapy (4 wk) is able to induce beneficial effects on damaged mitochondria leading to cellular protection. METHODS: Wistar rats were divided into three groups: Control group, untreated cirrhotic rats and cirrhotic rats treated with IGF-Ⅰtreatment (2 μg/100 g bw/d). Mitochondrial function was analyzed by flow cytometry in isolated hepatic mitochondria, caspase 3 activation was assessed by Western blot and apoptosis by TUNEL in the three experimental groups. RESULTS: Untreated cirrhotic rats showed a mitochon- drial dysfunction characterized by a significant reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential (in status 4 and 3); an increase of intramitochondrial reactive oxigen species (ROS) generation and a significant reduction of ATPase activity. IGF-Ⅰtherapy normalized mitochondrial func-tion by increasing the membrane potential and ATPase activity and reducing the intramitochondrial free radical production. Activity of the electron transport complexes Ⅰand Ⅲ was increased in both cirrhotic groups. In addition, untreated cirrhotic rats showed an increase of caspase 3 activation and apoptosis. IGF-Ⅰtherapy reduced the expression of the active peptide of caspase 3 and resulted in reduced apoptosis. | Raquel Pérez María García-Fernández Matías Díaz-Sánchez Juan E Puche Gloria Delgado Marian Conchillo Jordi Muntané Inma Castilla-Cortázar | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，17： | 11 |
| 14 | Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: The BCLC Staging Classification显示文摘 | Josep Llovet Concepció Brú Jordi Bruix | 1999 | Semin Liver Dis1999，，03： | 11 |
| 15 | Diagnosis and management of pericardial effusion显示文摘Pericardial effusion is a common finding in everyday clinical practice.The first challenge to the clinician is to try to establish an etiologic diagnosis.Sometimes,the pericardial effusion can be easily related to a known underlying disease,such as acute myocardial infarction, cardiac surgery,end-stage renal disease or widespread metastatic neoplasm.When no obvious cause is apparent,some clinical findings can be useful to establish a diagnosis of probability.The presence of acute inflammatory signs(chest pain,fever,pericardial friction rub) is predictive for acute idiopathic pericarditis irrespective of the size of the effusion or the presence or absence of tamponade.Severe effusion with absence of inflammatory signs and absence of tamponade is predictive for chronic idiopathic pericardial effusion,and tamponade without inflammatory signs for neoplastic pericardial effusion.Epidemiologic considerations are very important,as in developed countries acute idiopathic pericarditis and idiopathic pericardial effusion are the most common etiologies,but in some underdeveloped geographic areas tuberculous pericarditis is the leading cause of pericardial effusion.The second point is the evaluation of the hemodynamic compromise caused by pericardial fluid.Cardiac tamponade is not an'all or none'phenomenon,but a syndrome with a continuum of severity ranging from an asymptomatic elevationof intrapericardial pressure detectable only through hemodynamic methods to a clinical tamponade recognized by the presence of dyspnea,tachycardia,jugular venous distension,pulsus paradoxus and in the more severe cases arterial hypotension and shock.In the middle,echocardiographic tamponade is recognized by the presence of cardiac chamber collapses and characteristic alterations in respiratory variations of mitral and tricuspid flow.Medical treatment of pericardial effusion is mainly dictated by the presence of inflammatory signs and by the underlying disease if present.Pericardial drainage is mandatory when clinical tamponade is present.In the absence of clinical tamponade,examination of the pericardial fluid is indicated when there is a clinical suspicion of purulent pericarditis and in patients with underlying neoplasia.Patients with chronic massive idiopathic pericardial effusion should also be submitted to pericardial drainage because of the risk of developing unexpected tamponade.The selection of the pericardial drainage procedure depends on the etiology of the effusion.Simple pericardiocentesis is usually sufficient in patients with acute idiopathic or viral pericarditis.Purulent pericarditis should be drained surgically,usually through subxiphoid pericardiotomy. Neoplastic pericardial effusion constitutes a more difficult challenge because reaccumulation of pericardial fluid is a concern.The therapeutic possibilities include extended indwelling pericardial catheter,percutaneous pericardiostomy and intrapericardial instillation of antineoplastic and sclerosing agents.Massive chronic idiopathic pericardial effusions do not respond to medical treatment and tend to recur after pericardiocentesis, so wide anterior pericardiectomy is finally necessary in many cases. | Jaume Sagristà-Sauleda Axel Sarrias Mercé Jordi Soler-Soler | 2011 | World Journal of Cardiology2011，3，5： | 10 |
| 16 | Contribution of the ear and the flag leaf to grainfilling in durum wheat inferred from the carbon isotope signature: Genotypic and growing conditions effects显示文摘The ear, together with the flag leaf, is believed to play a major role as a source of assimilates during grain filling in C3cereals. However, the intrusive nature of most of the available methodologies prevents reaching conclusive results in this regard. This study compares the carbon isotope composition(d13C) in its natural abundance in the water‐soluble fractions of the flag leaf blade and the ear with the d13C of mature kernels to assess the relative contribution of both organs to grain filling in durum wheat(Triticum turgidum L. var.durum). The relative contribution of the ear was higher in landraces compared to modern cultivars, as well as in response to nitrogen fertilization and water stress. Such genotypic and environmentally driven differences were associated with changes in harvest index(HI), with the relative contribution of the ear being negatively associated with HI. In the case of the genotypic differences, the lower relative contribution of the ear in modern cultivars compared with landraces is probably associated with the appearance in the former of a certain amount of source limitation driven by a higher HI. In fact, the relative contribution of the ear was far more responsive to changes in HI in modern cultivars compared with landraces. | Rut Sanchez-Bragado Abdelhalim Elazab Bangwei Zhou Maria Dolors Serret Jordi Bort Maria Teresa Nieto-Taladriz José Luis Araus | 2014 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2014，56，5： | 10 |
| 17 | Wheat ear carbon assimilation and nitrogen remobilization contribute significantly to grain yield显示文摘The role of wheat ears as a source of nitrogen(N)and carbon(C) in the grain filling process has barely been studied. To resolve this question, five wheat genotypes were labeled with15N-enriched nutrient solution. N remobilization and absorption were estimated via the nitrogen isotope composition of total organic matter and Rubisco. Gas exchange analyses showed that ear photosynthesis contributed substantially to grain filling in spite of the great loss of C due to respiration. Of the total kernel N, 64.7% was derived from the N acquired between sowing and anthesis, while the remaining35.3% was derived from the N acquired between anthesis and maturity. In addition, 1.87 times more N was remobilized to the developing kernel from the ear than from the flag leaf. The higher yielding genotypes showed an increased N remobilization to the kernel compared to the lower yielding genotypes. Inaddition, the higher yielding genotypes remobilized more N from the ears to the kernel than the lower yielding genotypes,while the lower yielding genotypes remobilized more N from the flag leaf to the kernel. Therefore, the ears contribute significantly toward fulfilling C and N demands during grain filling. | Bangwei Zhou Maria Dolores Serret Abdelhalim Elazab Jordi Bort Pie José Luis Araus Iker Aranjuelo álvaro Sanz-Sáez | 2016 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2016，58，11： | 9 |
| 18 | Treatment of colorectal cancer in the elderly显示文摘Colorectal cancer has a high incidence, and approxi-mately 60% of colorectal cancer patients are older than 70, with this incidence likely increasing in the near future. Elderly patients(> 70-75 years of age) are a very heterogeneous group, ranging from the very fit to the very frail. Traditionally, these patients have often been under-treated and recruited less frequently to clinical trials than younger patients, and thus are underrepresented in publications about cancer treatment. Recent studies suggest that fit elderly patients can be treated in the same way as their younger counterparts, but the treatment of frail patients with comorbidities is still a matter of controversy. Many factors should be taken into account, including fitness for treatment, the wishes of the patient and family, and quality of life. This review will focus on the existing evidence for surgical, oncologic, and palliative treatment in patients over 70 years old with colorectal cancer. Careful patient assessment is necessary in order to individualize treatment approach, and this should rely on a multidisciplinary process. More well-designed controlled trials are needed in this patient population. | Monica Millan Sandra Merino Aleidis Caro Francesc Feliu Jordi Escuder Tani Francesch | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2015，7，10： | 9 |
| 19 | Signaling networks in immunometabolism显示文摘Adaptive immunity is essential for pathogen and tumor eradication,but may also trigger uncontrolled or pathological inflammation.T cell receptor,co-stimulatory and cytokine signals coordinately dictate specific signaling networks that trigger the activation and functional programming of T cells.In addition,cellular metabolism promotes T cell responses and is dynamically regulated through the interplay of serine/threonine kinases,immunological cues and nutrient signaling networks.In this review,we summarize the upstream regulators and signaling effectors of key serine/threonine kinase-mediated signaling networks,including PI3K-AGC kinases,mTOR and LKB1-AMPK pathways that regulate metabolism,especially in T cells.We also provide our perspectives about the pending questions and clinical applicability of immunometabolic signaling.Understanding the regulators and effectors of immunometabolic signaling networks may uncover therapeutic targets to modulate metabolic programming and T cell responses in human disease. | Jordy Saravia Jana L.Raynor Nicole M.Chapman Seon Ah Lim Hongbo Chi | 2020 | Cell Research2020，30，4： | 9 |
| 20 | Nitric oxide and cancer显示文摘Nitric oxide (NO) is a lipophilic,highly diffusible and short-lived physiological messenger which regulates a variety of important physiological responses including va sodilation,respiration,cell migration,immune resp onse and apoptosis.NO is synthesized by three differ entially gene-encoded NO synthase (NOS) in mammals: neuronal NOS (nNOS or NOS-1),inducible NOS (iNOS or NOS-2) and endothelial NOS (eNOS or NOS-3).All isof or ms of NOS catalyze the reaction of L-arginine,NA DPH and oxygen to NO,L-citrulline and NADP.NO may exert its cellular action by cGMP-dependent as well as by cGMP-independent pathways including postranslational modifications in cysteine (S-nitrosylation or S-nit rosation) and tyrosine (nitration) residues,mixed disulf ide formation (S-nitrosoglutathione or GSNO) or prom ot ing further oxidation protein stages which have been related to altered protein function and gene transcription,genotoxic lesions,alteration of cell-cycle check points,apoptosis and DNA repair.NO sensitizes tumor cells to chemotherapeutic compounds.The expression of NOS-2 and NOS-3 has been found to be increased ina variety of human cancers.The multiple actions of NO in the tumor environment is related to heterogeneous cell responses with particular attention in the regulation of the stress response mediated by the hypoxia inducible factor-1 and p53 generally leading to growth arrest,apoptosis or adaptation. | Jordi Muntané Manuel De la Mata | 2010 | World Journal of Hepatology2010，2，9： | 9 |
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