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| 1 | Gastrointestinal radiation injury:Symptoms,risk factors and mechanisms显示文摘Ionising radiation therapy is a common treatment modality for different types of cancer and its use is expected to increase with advances in screening and early detection of cancer.Radiation injury to the gastrointestinal tract is important factor working against better utility of this important therapeutic modality.Cancer survivors can suffer a wide variety of acute and chronic symptoms following radiotherapy,which significantly reduces their quality of life as well as adding an extra burden to the cost of health care.The accurate diagnosis and treatment of intestinal radiation injury often represents a clinical challenge to practicing physicians in both gastroenterology and oncology.Despite the growing recognition of the problem and some advances in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of radiation injury,relatively little is known about the pathophysiology of gastrointestinal radiation injury or any possible susceptibility factors that could aggravate its severity.The aims of this review are to examine the various clinical manifestations of post-radiation gastrointestinal symptoms,to discuss possible patient and treatment factors implicated in normal gastrointestinal tissue radiosensitivity and to outline different mechanisms of intestinal tissue injury. | Abobakr K Shadad Frank J Sullivan Joseph D Martin Laurence J Egan | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，2： | 35 |
| 2 | Gastrointestinal radiation injury:Prevention and treatment显示文摘With the recent advances in detection and treatment of cancer,there is an increasing emphasis on the efficacy and safety aspects of cancer therapy.Radiation therapy is a common treatment for a wide variety of cancers,either alone or in combination with other treatments.Ionising radiation injury to the gastrointestinal tract is a frequent side effect of radiation therapy and a considerable proportion of patients suffer acute or chronic gastrointestinal symptoms as a result.These side effects often cause morbidity and may in some cases lower the efficacy of radiotherapy treatment.Radiation injury to the gastrointestinal tract can be minimised by either of two strategies:technical strategies which aim to physically shift radiation dose away from the normal intestinal tissues,and biological strategies which aim to modulate the normal tissue response to ionising radiation or to increase its resistance to it.Although considerable improvement in the safety of radiotherapy treatment has been achieved through the use of modern optimised planning and delivery techniques,biological techniques may offer additional further promise.Different agents have been used to prevent or minimize the severity of gastrointestinal injury induced by ionising radiation exposure,including biological,chemical and pharmacological agents.In this review we aim to discuss various technical strategies to prevent gastrointestinal injury during cancer radiotherapy,examine the different therapeutic options for acute and chronic gastrointestinal radiation injury and outline some examples of research directions and considerations for prevention at a pre-clinical level. | Abobakr K Shadad Frank J Sullivan Joseph D Martin Laurence J Egan | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，2： | 32 |
| 3 | 限制热量摄入6个月对超重者寿命指标、代谢调节及氧化应激的影响——随机对照试验AuthorAffiliations:PenningtonBiomedicalResearchCenter.LouisianaStateUniversity.BatonRouge;andGarvan.InstituteforMedicalResearch.Dadinghurst,AustraIia(DrHeilbronn).显示文摘背景:长期限制热量摄入可延长啮齿类动物的寿命。但是,尚未有研究观测长期限制人体热量是否会影响其寿命及氧化应激指标,降低代谢率。
目的:在超重但不肥胖(体重指数为25—30)的人群中研究限制热量6个月伴/不伴运动对其产生的影响。
设计、地点及参试者:于2002年3月至2004年8月在位于路易斯安娜州首府巴顿鲁治的研究中心对48名不好动的健康人进行随机对照研究。
干预:参试者在6个月内随机分为4个组:对照组(饮食可维持体重);限制热量组(限制基线所需能量的25%);限制热量+运动组(限制12.5%的热量+运动增加12.5%的能耗);极低热量饮食组(每日摄入890keal,直至体重减少15%,随后采用维持体重的饮食)。
主要观测指标:机体组成;硫酸脱氢表雄酮(dehydroepiandrostemne sulfate,DHEAS)、葡萄糖及胰岛素水平;蛋白羰基化合物;DNA损伤;24小时能耗;核心体温。
结果:6个月时各组体重变化的均值(标准误)为:对照组-1.0%(1.1%);限制热量组-10.4%(0.9%);限制热量+运动组-10.0%(0.8%);极低热量饮食组-13.9%(0.7%)。6个月时,各干预组空腹血糖水平较基线明显降低(P均〈0.01),而DHEAS和葡萄糖水平没有改变。限制热量组及限制热量+运动组核心体温有所下降(P均〈0.05)。对机体组成进行校正后发现,对照组24小时静息能耗无变化,但限制热量组(-135kcal/d[42kcal/d])、限制热量+运动组(-117kcal/d[52kcal/d])和极低热量饮食组(-125kcal/d[35kcal/d])24小时静息能耗有所下降(P均〈0.008)。上述“代谢调节”(超出预计值的-6%)与对照组相比存在显著差异(P〈0.05)。6个月时,各组蛋白羰基化合物的浓度较基线时无变化,而各干预组DNA损伤有所减少(P〈0.005)。
结论:我们的研究结果显示,长期限制热量可降低人类寿命的2种指标(即空腹胰岛素水平和体温)。此外,我们的研究结果还支持下述理论,即限制热量能降低代谢率,且超过缩小代谢面积产生的相应效应。我们尚需开展远期研究来评价限制热量能否延缓人类衰老过程。 | Leonie K. Heibronn Lilian de Jonge Madlyn I. Frisard James P. DeLany D. Enette Larson-Meyer Jennifer Rood Tuong Nguyen Corby K. Martin Julia Volaufova Marlene M. Most Frank L. Greenway Steven R. Smith Walter A. Deutsch Donald A. Williamson Eric Ravussin 顾佳(译) | 2006 | 美国医学会杂志(中文版)2006，25，5： | 18 |
| 4 | Benign liver tumors in pediatric patients-Review with emphasis on imaging features显示文摘Benign hepatic tumors are commonly observed in adults,but rarely reported in children.The reasons for this remain speculative and the exact data concerning the incidence of these lesions are lacking.Benign hepatic tumors represent a diverse group of epithelial and mesenchymal tumors.In pediatric patients,most benign focal liver lesions are inborn and may grow like the rest of the body.Knowledge of pediatric liver diseases and their imaging appearances is essential in order to make an appropriate differential diagnosis.Selection of the appropriate imaging test is challenging,since it depends on a number of age-related factors.This paper will discuss the most frequently encountered benign liver tumors in children(infantile hepatic hemangioendothelioma,mesenchymal hamartoma,focal nodular hyperplasia,nodular regenerative hyperplasia,and hepatocellular adenoma),as well as a comparison to the current knowledge regarding such tumors in adult patients.The current emphasis is on imaging features,which are helpful not only for the initial diagnosis,but also for pre- and posttreatment evaluation and follow-up.In addition,future perspectives of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) in pediatric patients are highlighted,with descriptions of enhancement patterns for each lesion being discussed.The role of advanced imaging tests such as CEUS and magnetic resonance imaging,which allow for non-invasive assessment of liver tumors,is of utmost importance in pediatric patients,especially when repeated imaging tests are needed and radiation exposure should be avoided. | Liliana Chiorean Xin-Wu Cui Andrea Tannapfel Doris Franke Martin Stenzel Wojciech Kosiak Dagmar Schreiber-Dietrich J?rg Jüngert Jian-Min Chang Christoph F Dietrich | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，28： | 16 |
| 5 | 风力发电机中轴承的过电流问题显示文摘介绍了异步电动机中寄生电流的起因和影响,同时指出了双馈发电机与异步电动机在这方面的区别。讨论了轴承的一般电气性能,并展示了轴承损伤内部机理的最新研究成果。 | Zika Thomas Buschbeck Frank Preisinger Gerwin Martin Groschl 王勇 赵明 | 2008 | 电机与控制应用2008，35，9： | 13 |
| 6 | 这项临床试验完成注册了吗?——国际医学杂志编辑委员会声明显示文摘 | Catherine De Angelis Jeffrey M. Drazen Frank A. Frizelle Charlotte Haug John Hoey Richard Horton Sheldon Kotzin Christine Laine Ana Marusic A. John P.M. Overbeke Torben V.Schroeder Harold C. Sox Martin B. Van Der Weyden 刁骧(译) 孙丁(审校) 秦莉(审校) | 2006 | 中国循证医学杂志2006，6，4： | 11 |
| 7 | Double-balloon-enteroscopy-based endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in post-surgical patients显示文摘AIM: To evaluate double balloon enteroscopy (DBE) in post-surgical patients to perform endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and interventions. METHODS: In 37 post-surgical patients, a stepwise approach was performed to reach normal papilla or enteral anastomoses of the biliary tract/pancreas. When conventional endoscopy failed, DBE-based ERCP was performed and standard parameters for DBE, ERCP and interventions were recorded. RESULTS: Push-enteroscopy (overall, 16 procedures) reached enteral anastomoses only in six out of 37 post-surgical patients (16.2%). DBE achieved a high rate of luminal access to the biliary tract in 23 of the remaining 31 patients (74.1%) and to the pancreatic duct (three patients). Among all DBE-based ERCPs (86 procedures), 21/23 patients (91.3%) were successfully treated. Interventions included ostium incision or papillotomy in 6/23 (26%) and 7/23 patients (30.4%), respectively. Biliary endoprosthesis insertion and regular exchange was achieved in 17/23 (73.9%) and 7/23 patients (30.4%), respectively. Furthermore, bile duct stone extraction as well as ostium and papillary dilation were performed in 5/23 (21.7%) and 3/23 patients (13.0%), respectively. Complications during DBE-based procedures were bleeding (1.1%), perforation (2.3%) and pancreatitis (2.3%), and minor complications occurred in up to 19.1%. CONCLUSION: The appropriate use of DBE yields a high rate of luminal access to papilla or enteral anastomoses in more than two-thirds of post-surgical patients, allowing important successful endoscopic therapeutic interventions. | Martin Raithel Harald Dormann Andreas Naegel Frank Boxberger Eckhart G Hahn Markus F Neurath Juergen Maiss | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，18： | 9 |
| 8 | Testicular expression of survivin and human telomerase reverse transcriptase(hTERT)associated with spermatogenic function in infertile patients显示文摘瞄准:与改变精子发生的功能在人的睾丸描绘 survivin, apoptosis (国际星际航空联合会) 的一个禁止者,和人的 telomerase 颠倒 transcriptase (hTERT ) 的 coexpression。方法:survivin mRNA 和 hTERT mRNA 的抄本层次用即时反向抄写的聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR ) 与有缺点的精子发生(n=28 ) 在正常睾丸(n=11 ) 和睾丸被决定。组织学的病情的检查根据一个修改 Johnsen 分数被执行。结果:survivin 和 hTERT 的表情在正常精子发生在 96.8 和 709 的中部的层次是最高的并且随减数分裂后精子发生的拘捕(n=10 ) 在睾丸落下到 53.3 和 534。在严重精子发生的失败( n=18 ), survivin 表示缺乏大多数标本( n=16 ),而阴囊的 hTERT 表示的至少底层在 premeiotic 精子发生的拘捕( n=7 )与 73 的规范的表情大部分是可检测的并且 45 在有 Sertoli 房间唯一的症候群( SCOS )( n=3 )的病人。survivin 和 hTERT 表情与一个进行的 Johnsen 分数(为 trend=0.001 的 P ) 增加了。结论:尽管 survivin 和 hTERT 与精子发生的功能被相关,他们在不肥沃的病人的睾丸显示出不同表示模式。这些调查结果在在 meiotically 划分生殖细胞建议 survivin 的占优势的表情的啮齿类动物睾丸从研究证实结果。 | Steffen Weikert Frank Christoph Wolfgang Schulze Hans Krause Carsten Kempkensteffen Martin Schostak Kurt Miller Mark Schrader | 2006 | Asian Journal of Andrology2006，8，1： | 8 |
| 9 | Contrasting responseS of hoverflies and wild bees to habitat structure and land use change in a tropical landscape (southern Yunnan, SW China)显示文摘到单一经营种植园的昆虫的反应主要在损坏自然森林区域的情况下继续了,并且是在生态学和保存生物学的一个突出、重要的问题,与授粉服务在全世界衰退了。在这研究,种类丰富和分发 hoverfly 并且野生的蜜蜂社区在一个变化被调查在南部的云南的热带风景,由不适的西南中国从 2008 ~ 2009 周期性地套住。种类从传统的陆地使用类型(自然森林,草地, shrubland 和稻田休闲) 被记录,并且从最近建立了不同年龄的橡胶种植园。Hoverflies (总数 53 种类) 在植被的年轻接连著的阶段是很普通的,包括稻田休闲和 shrubland。种类丰富在稻田休闲是最高的并且在森林里最低并且与非禾本草本植物种类和地面植被盖子的数字显示出一种高度重要的关系。相反,野生的蜜蜂(总数 44 种类) 的最高的丰富从自然森林地点被记录,它与留下的产地类型相比显示出一篇分离蜜蜂社区作文。在蜜蜂种类丰富和环境变量之间没有重要关系,包括不同植物生活表格,华盖的范围和地面植被的数字,植被的接连著的年龄和陆地使用打字。在风景规模,包括年轻橡胶种植园,开的陆地使用系统被假定增加 hoverflies 的种类丰富;然而,这可能减少野生的蜜蜂差异。由橡胶耕作的现在的陆地使用变化能被期望在本国的野生的蜜蜂社区上有否定影响。 | Ling-Zeng Meng Konrad Martin Jing-Xin Liu Frank Burger Jin Chen | 2012 | Insect Science2012，19，6： | 7 |
| 10 | Innovative immunohistochemistry identifies MMP-9 expressing macrophages at the invasive front of murine HCC显示文摘AIM:To investigate the proteolytic contribution of tumor-associated macrophages(TAM)in tumor invasion,we analyzed whether TAM at the invasive front of small HCC in Abcb4-/--mice show an enhanced expression of MMP-9. METHODS:Liver cryosections of the hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)invasive front from 12 mo old Abcb4-/--mice were stained for collagen typeⅠand MMP-9 using Alexa488 and Alexa568 labeled secondary antibodies.Afterwards,the Alexa568 dye was bleached and the macrophage marker F4/80 was visualized using Alexa568 labeled secondary antibodies.Finally, photographs of the invasive tumor front were digitally overlaid and analyzed. RESULTS:After complete bleaching of the primary dye,specific fluorescence staining of a third antigen, here F4/80,was successfully performed on the same histological section.With this method,we were able to identify conglomerates of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9)expressing macrophages within the tumor capsule of HCC. CONCLUSION:MMP-9 expressing macrophages are involved in matrix remodelling at the invasive tumor front of HCC.The described staining protocol provides a simple yet powerful extension of conventional immuno-histochemistry,facilitating visualization of at least three different antigens plus nuclei in one single histological section. | Martin Roderfeld Timo Rath Frank Lammert Christian Dierkes Jürgen Graf Elke Roeb | 2010 | World Journal of Hepatology2010，2，5： | 6 |
| 11 | 工业4.0-向工业的未来进发显示文摘踏上'工业4.0'这艘明日之舟的重要前提是进行改革,以实现软件对公司整体业务、生产流程的管理控制及对所有生产设备通讯接口的装配。本文以下内容将对相应解决方案进行详细介绍。 | Frank Rottmann Heiko Martin Yang Yang | 2015 | 电子产品世界2015，22，2： | 5 |
| 12 | Early combined immunosuppression or conventional management in patients with newly diagnosed Crohn’s disease: an open randomised trial显示文摘 | Geert D’Haens Filip Baert Gert van Assche Philip Caenepeel Philippe Vergauwe Hans Tuynman Martine De Vos Sander van Deventer Larry Stitt Allan Donner Severine Vermeire Frank J Van De Mierop Jean-Charles R Coche Janneke van der Woude Thomas Ochsenkühn Ad A | 2008 | The Lancet2008，，9613： | 5 |
| 13 | Electrical properties and microstructure formation of V/Al-based n-contacts on high Al mole fraction n-AlGaN layers显示文摘The electrical and structural properties of V/Al-based n-contacts on n‐AlxGa1−xN with an Al mole fraction x ranging from x=0.75 to x=0.95 are investigated.Ohmic n-contacts are obtained up to x=0.75 with a contact resistivity of 5.7×10^−4Ω·cm^2 whereas for higher Al mole fraction the IV characteristics are rectifying.Transmission electron microscopy reveals a thin crystalline AlN layer formed at the metal/semiconductor interface upon thermal annealing.Compositional analysis confirmed an Al enrichment at the interface.The interfacial nitride-based layer in n-contacts on n‐Al0.9Ga0.1N is partly amorphous and heavily contaminated by oxygen.The role and resulting limitations of Al in the metal stack for n-contacts on n-AlGaN with very high Al mole fraction are discussed.Finally,ultraviolet C(UVC)LEDs grown on n‐Al0.87Ga0.13N and emitting at 232 nm are fabricated with an operating voltage of 7.3 V and an emission power of 120μW at 20 mA in cw operation. | LUCA SULMONI FRANK MEHNKE ANNA MOGILATENKO MARTIN GUTTMANN TIM WERNICKE MICHAEL KNEISSL | 2020 | Photonics Research2020，8，8： | 4 |
| 14 | Reactive oxygen gene network of plants显示文摘 | Ron Mittler Sandy Vanderauwera Martin Gollery Frank Van Breusegem | 2004 | Trends in Plant Science2004，，10： | 3 |
| 15 | Multicenter evaluation of the Roche NT-proBNP assay and comparison to the Biosite Triage BNP assay显示文摘 | Kiang-Teck J. Yeo Alan H.B. Wu Fred S. Apple Martin H. Kroll Robert H. Christenson Kent B. Lewandrowski Frank A. Sedor Anthony W. Butch | 2003 | Clinica Chimica Acta2003，，1： | 2 |
| 16 | Recombination mechanisms and thermal droop in AlGaN-based UV-B LEDs显示文摘This paper reports a comprehensive analysis of the origin of the electroluminescence(EL)peaks and of the thermal droop in UV-B AlGaN-based LEDs.By carrying out spectral measurements at several temperatures and currents,(i)we extract information on the physical origin of the various spectral bands,and(ii) we develop a novel closed-form model based on the Shockley–Read–Hall theory and on the ABC rate equation that is able to reproduce the experimental data on thermal droop caused by non-radiative recombination through deep levels.In the samples under test,the three EL bands are ascribed to the following processes:band-to-band recombination in the quantum wells(main EL peak),a parasitic intra-bandgap radiative transition in the quantum well barriers,and a second defect-related radiative process in the p-AlGaN superlattice. | CARLO DE SANTI MATTEO MENEGHINI DESIREE MONTI JOHANNES GLAAB MARTIN GUTTMANN JENS RASS SVEN EINFELDT FRANK MEHNKE JOHANNES ENSLIN TIM WERNICKE MICHAEL KNEISSL GAUDENZIO MENEGHESSO ENRICO ZANONI | 2017 | Photonics Research2017，5，2： | 2 |
| 17 | Obesity relationships with community design, physical activity, and time spent in cars显示文摘 | Lawrence D. Frank Martin A. Andresen Thomas L. Schmid | 2004 | American Journal of Preventive Medicine2004，，2： | 2 |
| 18 | Impact of age on transcatheter aortic valve implantation outcomes:a comparison of patients aged≤ 80 years versus patients > 80 years显示文摘 | Frank van der Kley Philippe J van Rosendael Spyridon Katsanos Vasileios Kamperidis Nina A Marsan Ioannis Karalis Arend de Weger Meindert Palmen Jeroen J Bax Martin J Schalij Victoria Delgado | 2016 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2016，13，1： | 2 |
| 19 | Corrigendum to “Insights into the epigenetic mechanisms controlling pancreatic carcinogenesis” [Cancer Lett. 328 (2) (2012) 212–221]显示文摘 | Angela L. McCleary-Wheeler Gwen A. Lomberk Frank U. Weiss Günter Schneider Muller Fabbri Tara L. Poshusta Nelson J. Dusetti Sandra Baumgart Juan L. Iovanna Volker Ellenrieder Raul Urrutia Martin E. Fernandez-Zapico | 2013 | Cancer Letters2013，，1： | 2 |
| 20 | Emission from quantum-dot high-β microcavities: transition from spontaneous emission to lasing and the effects of superradiant emitter coupling显示文摘Measured and calculated results are presented for the emission properties of a new class of emitters operating in the cavity quantum electrodynamics regime.The structures are based on high-finesse GaAs/AlAs micropillar cavities,each with an active medium consisting of a layer of InGaAs quantum dots(QDs)and the distinguishing feature of having a substantial fraction of spontaneous emission channeled into one cavity mode(highβ-factor).This paper demonstrates that the usual criterion for lasing with a conventional(lowβ-factor)cavity,that is,a sharp non-linearity in the input–output curve accompanied by noticeable linewidth narrowing,has to be reinforced by the equal-time second-order photon autocorrelation function to confirm lasing.The paper also shows that the equal-time second-order photon autocorrelation function is useful for recognizing superradiance,a manifestation of the correlations possible in high-βmicrocavities operating with QDs.In terms of consolidating the collected data and identifying the physics underlying laser action,both theory and experiment suggest a sole dependence on intracavity photon number.Evidence for this assertion comes from all our measured and calculated data on emission coherence and fluctuation,for devices ranging from light-emitting diodes(LEDs)and cavity-enhanced LEDs to lasers,lying on the same two curves:one for linewidth narrowing versus intracavity photon number and the other for g(2)(0)versus intracavity photon number. | Sören Kreinberg Weng W Chow Janik Wolters Christian Schneider Christopher Gies Frank Jahnke Sven Höfling Martin Kamp Stephan Reitzenstein 无 | 2017 | Light(Science & Applications)2017，6，1： | 2 |
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