|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | β内酰胺类抗生素与对非典型病原体有效的抗生素在非重症社区获得性肺炎中的疗效比较:汇总分析显示文摘目的对于社区获得性肺炎,将β内酰胺类抗生素与对非典型病原体有效的抗生素进行全面系统的疗效比较。资料来源Medline、Embase、Cochrane登记注册的对照试验、国际性会议的会议纪录、药品注册机构以及制药公司。评价方法通过总结双盲、随机、对照、单一给药疗法试验,对β内酰胺类抗生素与对非典型病原体有效的抗生素在成人社区获得性肺炎的疗效方面进行比较。主要结局指标是未达到临床治愈或好转。结果18项临床试验共纳入6749例受试者,其中大多数患者有轻至中度社区获得性肺炎。对各种原因引起的社区获得性肺炎治疗失败的相对危险度进行分析,结果显示对非典型病原体有效的抗生素并不优于β内酰胺类抗生素(0.97,95%可信区间0.87~1.07)。对于有特异性非典型病原体感染诊断的患者进行亚组分析,我们发现应用对非典型病原体有效的抗生素治疗军团菌属感染的肺炎患者,其治疗无效率明显的低一些(0.40,0.19~0.85)。而在肺炎支原体(0.60,0.31~1.17)和肺炎衣原体(2.32,0.67~8.03)感染的肺炎患者中二者的疗效相似。结论应用对非典型病原体有效的抗生素治疗由各种原因引起的非重症社区获得性肺炎,而使临床疗效得到提高的证据是不足的。尽管此类抗生素在对稍后介绍的军团菌感染相关性肺炎的治疗方面显示出明显的优势,但已纳入研究范围内的肺炎病例很少是由这种病原体引起的。β内酰胺类制剂应该继续作为成人非重症社ResInfe区获得性肺炎治疗的首选抗生素。 | Graham D Mills Michael R Oehley Bruce Arrol 刘艳(译) 代华平(校) | 2005 | 英国医学杂志中文版2005，8，4： | 2 |
| 2 | Reduced striatal volumes in Parkinson’s disease:a magnetic resonance imaging study显示文摘Background:The presence and extent of structural changes in the brain as a consequence of Parkinson’s disease(PD)is still poorly understood.Methods:High-resolution 3-tesla T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance images in sixty-five PD and 27 age-matched healthy control participants were examined.Putamen,caudate,and intracranial volumes were manually traced in the axial plane of 3D reconstructed images.Striatal nuclei volumes were normalized to intracranial volume for statistical comparison.Disease status was assessed using the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale and Hoehn and Yahr scale.Cognitive status was assessed using global status tests and detailed neuropsychological testing.Results:Both caudate and putamen volumes were smaller in PD brains compared to controls after adjusting for age and gender.Caudate volumes were reduced by 11%(p=0.001)and putamen volumes by 8.1%(p=0.025).PD striatal volumes were not found to be significantly correlated with cognitive or motor decline.Conclusion:Small,but significant reductions in the volume of both the caudate and putamen occur in PD brains.These reductions are independent of the effects of age and gender,however the relation of these reductions to the functional loss of dopamine,which is characteristic of PD,remains unclear. | Toni L Pitcher Tracy R Melzer Michael R MacAskill Charlotte F Graham Leslie Livingston Ross J Keenan Richard Watts John C Dalrymple-Alford Tim J Anderson | 2012 | Translational Neurodegeneration2012，1，1： | 2 |
| 3 | The cause of decreased pan evapo- ration over the past 50 years显示文摘 | Michael L R Graham D F | 2002 | Science2002，298，15： | 1 |
| 4 | Precursors of nitrogenous disinfection by-products in drinking water-a critical review and analysis 显示文摘 | Tom Bond Michael R Templeton Nigel Graham | 2012 | Journal of Hazardous Materials2012，，： | 1 |
| 5 | The cause of decreased pan evaporation over the past 50 years显示文摘 | Michael L R Graham D F | 2002 | Science2002，298，： | 1 |
| 6 | Isolation of helicobacter pylori from sheep—implications for transmission to humans显示文摘 | Maria P Dore Antonia R Sepulveda Hala El-Zimaity Yoshio Yamaoka Michael S Osato Kato Mototsugu Antonio M Nieddu Giuseppe Realdi David Y Graham | 2001 | The American Journal of Gastroenterology2001，，5： | 1 |
| 7 | Arterial pulse wave velocity, infla mmatory markers, pathological GH and IGF states, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease 显示文摘 | Michael R Graham Peter Evans Bruce Davies | 2008 | Vascular Health and Risk Management2008，4，6： | 1 |
| 8 | The cause of decreased pan evaporation over the past 50 years显示文摘 | Michael L R Graham D F | 2002 | Science2002，298，15： | 1 |
| 9 | The cause of decreased pan evaporation over the past 50 years显示文摘 | Michael L R Graham D F | 2002 | Science2002，298，15： | 1 |
| 10 | Changes in Australian pan evaporation from 1970 to 2002显示文摘 | Michael L R Graham D F | 2004 | Int J Climatol2004，24，： | 1 |
| 11 | The cause of decreased pan evaporation over the past 50 years显示文摘 | Michael L R D F Graham | 2002 | Science2002，298，： | 1 |
| 12 | Changes in Australian pan evaporationfrom 1970 to 2002显示文摘 | MICHAEL L R GRAHAM D F | 2004 | International Journal of Climatology2004，24，： | 1 |
| 13 | The cause of decrcased pan evaporation over the past 50 years显示文摘 | Michael L R Graham D F | 2002 | Science2002，298，： | 1 |
| 14 | The cause of decreased pan evaporation over the past 50 years显示文摘 | Michael L R D F Graham | 2002 | Science2002，298，： | 1 |
| 15 | The cause of decreased pan evaporation over the past 50 years 显示文摘 | Michael L R Graham D F | 2002 | Science2002，298，15： | 1 |
| 16 | Fluid dynamic loading on curved riser pipes显示文摘 | Anthi Miliou Spencer J Sherwin J Michael R Graham | 2003 | Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering2003，125，3： | 1 |
| 17 | The BRC repeats are conserved in mammalian BRCA2 proteins 显示文摘 | Graham B Gos M Michael R | 1997 | Human Molecular Genetics1997，6，1： | 1 |
| 18 | The cause of decreased pan evaporation over the past 50 years显示文摘 | Michael L R Graham D F | 2002 | Science2002，298，： | 1 |
| 19 | The cause of decreased pan evaporation over the past 50years显示文摘 | Michael L R Graham D F | 2002 | Science2002，298，15： | 1 |
| 20 | The cause of decreased pan evaporation over the past 50 years显示文摘 | Michael L R Graham D F | 2002 | Science2002，298，15： | 1 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员