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| 1 | Ground-layer adaptive optics for the New Vacuum Solar Telescope:Instrument description and first results显示文摘Ground-layer adaptive optics(GLAO)has shown its potential for use in solar observation owing to its wide field-of-view(FOV)correction.A high-order GLAO system that consists of a multiple direction Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor(WFS),a realtime controller with a multi-CPU processor,and a 151-element deformable mirror was developed for the 1-m New Vacuum Solar Telescope at Yunnan Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences.A hexagonal microlens with 9×8 subapertures is employed in the WFS.The detection FOV is 42′′×37′′,in which 9(3×3)guide regions are extracted for multiple direction wavefront sensing with a frame rate of up to 2200 Hz.To our knowledge,this is the first professional solar GLAO system used as a regularly operating instrument for scientific observations.Its installation and adjustment were performed in the summer of 2021.In this article,a detailed account of the GLAO system and its first light results and a comprehensive analysis of the performance of the GLAO system are provided.The results show that this system can effectively improve the imaging quality after compensating for the wavefront aberration due to ground-layer turbulence. | Lanqiang Zhang Hua Bao Xuejun Rao Youming Guo Libo Zhong Xian Ran Nanfei Yan Jinsheng Yang Cheng Wang Jiahui Zhou Ying Yang Yunyao Long Xinlong Fan Zhongyi Feng Donghong Chen Changhui Rao | 2023 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2023，66，6： | 1 |
| 2 | Crosstalk between IL-15Rα^(+)tumor-associated macrophages and breast cancer cells reduces CD8+T cell recruitment显示文摘Background:Interleukin-15(IL-15)is a promising immunotherapeutic agent owing to its powerful immune-activating effects.However,the clinical benefits of these treatments are limited.Crosstalk between tumor cells and immune cells plays an important role in immune escape and immunotherapy drug resistance.Herein,this study aimed to obtain in-depth understanding of crosstalk in the tumor microenvironment for providing potential therapeutic strategies to prevent tumor progression.Methods:T-cell killing assays and co-culture models were developed to determine the role of crosstalk between macrophages and tumor cells in breast cancer resistant to IL-15.Western blotting,histological analysis,CRISPR-Cas9 knockout,multi-parameter flow cytometry,and tumor cell-macrophage co-injection mouse models were developed to examine the mechanism by which IL-15Rα^(+)tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)regulate breast cancer cell resistance to IL-15.Results:We found thatmacrophages contributed to the resistance of tumor cells to IL-15,and tumor cells induced macrophages to express high levels of theαsubunit of the IL-15 receptor(IL-15Rα).Further investigation showed that IL-15Rα^(+)TAMs reduced the protein levels of chemokine CX3C chemokine ligand 1(CX3CL1)in tumor cells to inhibit the recruitment of CD8^(+)T cells by releasing the IL-15/IL-15Rαcomplex(IL-15Rc).Administration of an IL-15Rc blocking peptide markedly suppressed breast tumor growth and overcame the resistance of cancer cells to anti-programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)antibody immunotherapy.Interestingly,Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor(GMCSF)inducedγchain(γc)expression to promote tumor cell-macrophage crosstalk,which facilitated tumor resistance to IL-15.Additionally,we observed that the non-transcriptional regulatory function of hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha(HIF-1α)was essential for IL-15Rc to regulateCX3CL1 expression in tumor cells.Conclusions:The IL-15Rc-HIF-1α-CX3CL1 signaling pathway serves as a crosstalk between macrophages and tumor cells in the tumormicroenvironment of breast cancer.Targeting this pathway may provide a potential therapeutic strategy for enhancing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. | Wenlong Zhang Qing Zhang Nanfei Yang Qian Shi Huifang Su Tingsheng Lin Zhonglei He Wenxin Wang Hongqian Guo Pingping Shen | 2022 | Cancer Communications2022，42，6： | 0 |
| 3 | Intervening pyruvate carboxylase stunts tumor growth by strengthening anti-tumor actions of tumor-associated macrophages显示文摘Dear Editor,Tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)are critical pro-tumor immunocytes and depletion of TAMs has been exploited for cancer therapy.1 However,the phenotypes and functions of TAMs are plastic,TAMs can also be effector cells by engulfing tumor cells and recruiting cytotoxic T cells,thus shaping the actions of TAMs is more scientific rational than depleting them indiscriminately.2 To promote the entry of reorienting TAMs into the clinical treatments of tumors,it is essential to explore the underline mechanisms controlling the anti-and pro-tumor activities of TAMs. | Yuxin Shu Nanfei Yang Nan Cheng Zhengyun Zou\Wenlong Zhang Yuncheng Bei Qian Shi Menghao Qin Wei-Guo Zhu Pingping Shen | 2022 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2022，7，3： | 0 |
| 4 | A novel mesenchymal stem cell-based regimen for acute myeloid leukemia differentiation therapy显示文摘Currently the main treatment of acute myeloid leukemia(AML)is chemotherapy combining hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.However,the unbearable side effect of chemotherapy and the high risk of life-threatening infections and disease relapse following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation restrict its application in clinical practice.Thus,there is an urgent need to develop alternative therapeutic tactics with significant efficacy and attenuated adverse effects.Here,we revealed that umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells(UC-MSC)efficiently induced AML cell differentiation by shuttling the neutrophil elastase(NE)-packaged extracellular vesicles(EVs)into AML cells.Interestingly,the generation and release of NE-packaged EVs could be dramatically increased by vitamin D receptor(VDR)activation in UC-MSC.Chemical activation of VDR by using its agonist 1a,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 efficiently enhanced the pro-differentiation capacity of UC-MSC and then alleviated malignant burden in AML mouse model.Based on these discoveries,to evade the risk of hypercalcemia,we synthetized and identified sw-22,a novel non-steroidal VDR agonist,which exerted a synergistic prodifferentiation function with UC-MSC on mitigating the progress of AML.Collectively,our findings provided a non-gene editing MSC-based therapeutic regimen to overcome the differentiation blockade in AML. | Luchen Sun Nanfei Yang Bing Chen Yuncheng Bei Zisheng Kang Can Zhang Nan Zhang Peipei Xu Wei Yang Jia Wei Jiangqiong Ke Weijian Sun Xiaokun Li Pingping Shen | 2023 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2023，13，7： | 0 |
| 5 | Solar adaptive optics systems for the New Vacuum Solar Telescope at the Fuxian Lake Solar Observatory显示文摘Adaptive optics(AO)is essential for high-quality ground-based observations with large telescopes because it counters the impact of wavefront aberrations caused by atmospheric turbulence.The new vacuum solar telescope(NVST)is one of the most important high-resolution solar observation instruments in the world.Three sets of solar adaptive optics systems have been developed and installed on this telescope:conventional adaptive optics,ground layer adaptive optics,and multi-conjugate adaptive optics.These have been in operation from 2018 to 2023.This paper details the development and application of solar adaptive optics on the NVST and discusses the newest instrumentation. | Lanqiang Zhang Xuejun Rao Hua Bao Youming Guo Jinsheng Yang Nanfei Yan Xian Ran Dingkang Tong Xinlong Fan Zhongyi Feng Changhui Rao | 2024 | Astronomical Techniques and Instruments2024，1，2： | 0 |
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