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| 1 | Development of a classification system based on corneal biomechanical properties using artificial intelligence predicting keratoconus severity显示文摘Background:To investigate machine-learning(ML)algorithms to differentiate corneal biomechanical properties between different topographical stages of keratoconus(KC)by dynamic Scheimpflug tonometry(CST,Corvis ST,Oculus,Wetzlar,Germany).In the following,ML models were used to predict the severity in a training and validation dataset.Methods:Three hundred and eighteen keratoconic and one hundred sixteen healthy eyes were included in this monocentric and cross-sectional pilot study.Dynamic corneal response(DCR)and corneal thickness related(pachymetric)parameters from CST were chosen by appropriated selection techniques to develop a ML algorithm.The stage of KC was determined by the topographical keratoconus classification system(TKC,Pentacam,Oculus).Patients who were classified as TKC 1,TKC 2 and TKC 3 were assigned to subgroup mild,moderate,and advanced KC.If patients were classified as TKC 1-2,TKC 2-3 or TKC 3-4,they were assigned to subgroups according to the normative range of further corneal indices(index of surface variance,keratoconus index and minimum radius).Patients classified as TKC 4 were not included in this study due to the limited amount of cases.Linear discriminant analysis(LDA)and random forest(RF)algorithms were used to develop the classification models.Data were divided into training(70%of cases)and validation(30%of cases)datasets.Results:LDA model predicted healthy,mild,moderate,and advanced KC eyes with a sensitivity(S_(n))/specificity(S_(p))of 82%/97%,73%/81%,62%/83%and 68%/95%from a validation dataset,respectively.For the RF model,a S_(n)/S_(p) of 91%/94%,80%/90%,63%/87%,72%/95%could be reached for predicting healthy,mild,moderate,and advanced KC eyes,respectively.The overall accuracy of LDA and RF was 71%and 78%,respectively.The accuracy for KC detection including all subgroups of KC severity was 93%in both models.Conclusion:The RF model showed good accuracy in predicting healthy eyes and various stages of KC.The accuracy was superior with respect to the LDA model.The clinical importance of the models is that the standalone dynamic Scheimpflug tonometry is able to predict the severity of KC without having the keratometric data. | Robert Herber Lutz E.Pillunat Frederik Raiskup | 2021 | Eye and Vision2021，8，1： | 3 |
| 2 | Corneal cross-linking with hypo-osmolar riboflavin solution in thin keratoconic corneas显示文摘 | Raiskup F Spoerl E | 2011 | Am J Ophthalmol2011，152，1： | 1 |
| 3 | Identification of biomechanical properties of the cornea:the Ocular Response Analyzer显示文摘 | Terai N Raiskup F Haustein M | 2012 | Curr Eye Res2012，37，7： | 1 |
| 4 | Conjunctival autografting combined with low-dose mitomycin C for prevention of primary pterygium recurrence显示文摘 | Frucht-Pery J Raiskup F Ilsar M | 2006 | Am J Ophthalmol2006，141，： | 1 |
| 5 | Early transient visual acuity loss after LASIK due to steroid-induced elevation of intraocular pressure显示文摘 | Frucht-Pery J Landau D Raiskup F | 2007 | J Refract Surg2007，23，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Pharmacological Modification of the Epithelial Permeability by Benzalkonium Chloride in UVA/Riboflavin Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking显示文摘 | Anja Kissner Eberhard Spoerl Roland Jung Kathrin Spekl Lutz E. Pillunat Frederik Raiskup | 2010 | Current Eye Research2010，，8： | 1 |
| 7 | Conjunctival autografting combined with low - dose mitomycin C for prevention of primary pterygium recurrence 显示文摘 | Frucht -Pery J Raiskup F Ilsar M | 2006 | Am J Ophthalmol2006，141，6： | 1 |
| 8 | Corneal cross-linking with hypo-osmolar riboflavin solution in thin keratoconic corneas显示文摘 | Raiskup F Spoerl E | 2011 | Am J Ophthalmol2011，152，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Conjunctival autografting combined with low-dose mitomyein C for prevention of primary pterygium recurrence 显示文摘 | Frucht-Pery J Raiskup F llsar M | 2006 | Am J Ophthalmol2006，41，6： | 1 |
| 10 | Riboflavin osmolar modification for transepithelial corneal cross-linking显示文摘 | Raiskup F Pinelli R Spoerl E | 2012 | Curr Eye Res2012，37，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Quantitative assessment of bandage soft contact lens wear immediately after LASIK显示文摘 | Orucov F Frucht-Pery J Raiskup F D | 2010 | J Refract Surg2010，26，10： | 1 |
| 12 | Permanent corneal haze after riboflavin-UVA-induced cross-linking in keratoconus显示文摘 | Raiskup F Hoyer A Spoerl E | 2009 | J Refract Surg2009，25，： | 1 |
| 13 | Corneal cross-linking with hypo-osmolar riboflavin solution in thin keratoconic corneas显示文摘 | Raiskup F Spoerl E | 2011 | Am J Ophthalmol2011，152，： | 1 |
| 14 | Quantitative Assessment of Bandage Soft Contact Lens Wear Immediately after LASIK显示文摘 | Orucov F Frucht-Pery J Raiskup FD | 2010 | J Refract Surg2010，10，： | 1 |
| 15 | Conjunctival Autografting Combined With Low-Dose Mitomycin C for Prevention of Primary Pterygium Recurrence显示文摘 | Joseph Frucht-Pery Frederic Raiskup Michael Ilsar David Landau Faik Orucov Abraham Solomon | 2006 | American Journal of Ophthalmology2006，，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Mitomycin C for pterygium:long term evaluation显示文摘 | Raiskup F Solomon A Landau D | 2004 | Br J Ophthalmol2004，88，11： | 1 |
| 17 | Conjunctival autografting combined with low dose mitomycin C for prevention of primary pterygium recurrence 显示文摘 | Frucht-Pery J Raiskup F Ilsar M Landau D Orucov F Solomon A | 2006 | Am J Ophthalmol2006，141，6： | 1 |
| 18 | Conjunctival autografting combined with low-dose mitomycin C for prevention of primary pterygium recurrence 显示文摘 | FRUCHT P J RAISKUP F ILSAR M | 2006 | Am J Ophthalmol2006，141，6： | 1 |
| 19 | Corneal Cross-linking with Hypo-osmolar Riboflavin Solution in Thin Keratoconic Corneas显示文摘 | Frederik Raiskup Eberhard Spoerl | 2011 | American Journal of Ophthalmology2011，，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Permanent corneal hazeafter riboflavin-UYA-induced cross-linking in keratoconus显示文摘 | Raiskup F Hoyer A Spoerl E | 2009 | J Refract Surg2009，25，9： | 1 |
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