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| 1 | The complexities underlying age-related macular degeneration: could amyloid beta play an important role?显示文摘Age-related macular degeneration(AMD) causes irreversible loss of central vision for which there is no effective treatment. Incipient pathology is thought to occur in the retina for many years before AMD manifests from midlife onwards to affect a large proportion of the elderly. Although genetic as well as non-genetic/environmental risks are recognized, its complex aetiology makes it difficult to identify susceptibility, or indeed what type of AMD develops or how quickly it progresses in different individuals. Here we summarize the literature describing how the Alzheimer's-linked amyloid beta(Aβ) group of misfolding proteins accumulate in the retina. The discovery of this key driver of Alzheimer's disease in the senescent retina was unexpected and surprising, enabling an altogether different perspective of AMD. We argue that Aβ fundamentally differs from other substances which accumulate in the ageing retina, and discuss our latest findings from a mouse model in which physiological amounts of Aβ were subretinally-injected to recapitulate salient features of early AMD within a short period. Our discoveries as well as those of others suggest the pattern of Aβ accumulation and pathology in donor aged/AMD tissues are closely reproduced in mice, including late-stage AMD phenotypes, which makes them highly attractive to study dynamic aspects of Aβ-mediated retinopathy. Furthermore, we discuss our findings revealing how Aβ behaves at single-cell resolution, and consider the long-term implications for neuroretinal function. We propose Aβ as a key element in switching to a diseased retinal phenotype, which is now being used as a biomarker for latestage AMD. | Savannah A. Lynn Eloise Keeling Rosie Munday Gagandeep Gabha Helen Griffiths Andrew J.Lotery J.Arjuna Ratnayaka | 2017 | Neural Regeneration Research2017，12，4： | 6 |
| 2 | Cation engineering on lead iodide perovskites for stable and high-performance photovoltaic applications显示文摘Perovskite solar cells(PSCs) based on methylammonium lead iodide(CH_3NH_3PbI_3) have shown unprecedentedly outstanding performance in the recent years. Nevertheless, due to the weak interaction between polar CH_3NH_3^+(MA^+) and inorganic PbI_3-sublattices, CH_3NH_3PbI_3 dramatically suffers from poor moisture stability, thermal decomposition and device hysteresis. As such, strong electrostatic interactions between cations and anionic frameworks are desired for synergistic improvements of the abovementioned issues. While replacements of I-with Br-and/or Cl-evidently widen optical bandgaps of perovskite materials, compositional modifications can solely be applied on cation components in order to preserve the broad absorption of solar spectrum. Herein, we review the current successful practices in achieving efficient, stable and minimally hysteretic PSCs with lead iodide perovskite systems that employ photoactive cesium lead iodide(CsPbI_3), formamidinium lead iodide(HC(NH_2)_2 PbI_3, or FAPbI_3),MA_(1-x-y-z_FA_xCs_yRb_zPbI_3 mixed-cation settings as well as two-dimensional butylammonium(C_4H_9NH_3^+,or BA^+)/MA^+, polymeric ammonium(PEI+)/MA+co-cation layered structures. Fundamental aspects behind the stabilization of perovskite phases α-CsPbI_3, α-FAPbI_3, mixed-cation MA_(1-x-y-z)FA_xCs_yRb_zPbI_3 and crystallographic alignment of(BA)_2(MA)_3 Pb_4I_(13) for effective light absorption and charge transport will be discussed. This review will contribute to the continuous development of photovoltaic technology based on PSCs. | Jue Gong Peijun Guo Savannah E.Benjamin P.Gregory Van Patten Richard D.Schaller Tao Xu | 2018 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2018，27，4： | 3 |
| 3 | In vivo assessment of ductal carcinoma in situ grade: a model incorporating dynamic contrast-enha-need and diffusion-weighted breast MR imaging parameters 显示文摘 | Habib R Savannah CP Wendy BD | 2012 | Radi- ology2012，263，2： | 1 |
| 4 | Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging of the normal breast 显示文摘 | Savannah CP Revathi SM All Z | 2010 | Magnetic Resonance Imaging2010，28，： | 1 |
| 5 | Differential drinking patterns of family history positive and family history negative first semester college females显示文摘 | Joseph W. LaBrie Shannon R. Kenney Andrew Lac Savannah F. Migliuri | 2008 | Addictive Behaviors2008，，2： | 1 |
| 6 | Quantitative diffusion tensor MR fiber tractography of sensorimotor white matter development in premature infants显示文摘 | Berman JI Mukherjee P Savannah C | 2005 | Neuroimage2005，27，4： | 1 |
| 7 | Upregulation of RIN3 induces endosomal dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease显示文摘Background In Alzheimer’s Disease(AD),about one-third of the risk genes identified by GWAS encode proteins that function predominantly in the endocytic pathways.Among them,the Ras and Rab Interactor 3(RIN3)is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor(GEF)for the Rab5 small GTPase family and has been implicated to be a risk factor for both late onset AD(LOAD)and sporadic early onset AD(sEOAD).However,how RIN3 is linked to AD pathogenesis is currently undefined.Methods Quantitative PCR and immunoblotting were used to measure the RIN3 expression level in mouse brain tissues and cultured basal forebrain cholinergic neuron(BFCNs).Immunostaining was used to define subcellular localization of RIN3 and to visualize endosomal changes in cultured primary BFCNs and PC12 cells.Recombinant flag-tagged RIN3 protein was purified from HEK293T cells and was used to define RIN3-interactomes by mass spectrometry.RIN3-interacting partners were validated by co-immunoprecipitation,immunofluorescence and yeast two hybrid assays.Live imaging of primary neurons was used to examine axonal transport of amyloid precursor protein(APP)andβ-secretase 1(BACE1).Immunoblotting was used to detect protein expression,processing of APP and phosphorylated forms of Tau.Results We have shown that RIN3 mRNA level was significantly increased in the hippocampus and cortex of APP/PS1 mouse brain.Basal forebrain cholinergic neurons(BFCNs)cultured from E18 APP/PS1 mouse embryos also showed increased RIN3 expression accompanied by early endosome enlargement.In addition,via its proline rich domain,RIN3 recruited BIN1(bridging integrator 1)and CD2AP(CD2 associated protein),two other AD risk factors,to early endosomes.Interestingly,overexpression of RIN3 or CD2AP promoted APP cleavage to increase its carboxyl terminal fragments(CTFs)in PC12 cells.Upregulation of RIN3 or the neuronal isoform of BIN1 increased phosphorylated Tau level.Therefore,upregulation of RIN3 expression promoted accumulation of APP CTFs and increased phosphorylated Tau.These effects by RIN3 was rescued by the expression of a dominant negative Rab5(Rab5S34N)construct.Our study has thus pointed to that RIN3 acts through Rab5 to impact endosomal trafficking and signaling.Conclusion RIN3 is significantly upregulated and correlated with endosomal dysfunction in APP/PS1 mouse.Through interacting with BIN1 and CD2AP,increased RIN3 expression alters axonal trafficking and procession of APP.Together with our previous studies,our current work has thus provided important insights into the role of RIN3 in regulating endosomal signaling and trafficking. | Ruinan Shen Xiaobei Zhao Lu He Yongbo Ding Wei Xu Suzhen Lin Savannah Fang Wanlin Yang Kijung Sung Brian Spencer Robert A.Rissman Ming Lei Jianqing Ding Chengbiao Wu | 2020 | Translational Neurodegeneration2020，9，2： | 1 |
| 8 | Dual targeting of m TOR and aurora-A kinase for thetreatment of uterine Leiomyosarcoma 显示文摘 | Brewer Savannah K J Demicco E G Lusby K | 2012 | Clin CancerRes2012，18，17： | 1 |
| 9 | Dual Targeting of mTOR and Aurora-A Kinase for the Treat- ment of Uterine Leiomyosarcoma 显示文摘 | Brewer Savannah KJ Demicco EG Lusby K | 2012 | Clini Cancer Res2012，18，17： | 1 |
| 10 | Mensrtual cycle variation of apparent diffusion coefficients measured in the normal breast using MRI 显示文摘 | Savannah C Partridge BS Graeme C | 2001 | J Magn Reson Imaging2001，14，4： | 1 |
| 11 | Dual targeting of mTOR and aurora-A kinase for the treatment of uterine leiomyosarcoma显示文摘 | Brewer Savannah KJ Demicco EG Lusby K | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 12 | Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging of the normal breast显示文摘 | Savannah C. Partridge Revathi S. Murthy Ali Ziadloo Steven W. White Kimberly H. Allison Constance D. Lehman | 2010 | Magnetic Resonance Imaging2010，，： | 1 |
| 13 | Menstrual cycle variation of apparent diffusion coefficient measured in the normal breast using MRI 显示文摘 | Savannah C Partridge BS Gmeme C | 2001 | Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging2001，14，： | 1 |
| 14 | The Butterfly Effect显示文摘China in 1912:the most chaotic of times,the most hopeful of times.After popular uprisings swept the country,the Qing dynasty collapsed and the Republic of China was established on January 1,1912.Free of imperial rule,China was ready to modernize,reform,and reinvent itself-but how? | SAVANNAH BILLMAN | 2021 | The World of Chinese2021，，6： | 0 |
| 15 | The incorporation of emotion-regulation skills into couple-and family-based treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder显示文摘Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) is a disabling, potentially chronic disorder that is characterized by re-experience and hyperarousal symptoms as well as the avoidance of trauma-related stimuli. The distress experienced by many veterans of the Vietnam War and their partners prompted a strong interest in developing conjoint interventions that could both alleviate the core symptoms of PTSD and strengthen family bonds. We review the evolution of and evidence base for conjoint PTSD treatments from the Vietnam era through the post-911 era. Our review is particularly focused on the use of treatment strategies that are designed to address the emotions that are generated by the core symptoms of the disorder to reduce their adverse impact on veterans, their partners and the relationship. We present a rationale and evidence to support the direct incorporation of emotion-regulation skills training into conjoint interventions for PTSD. We begin by reviewing emerging evidence suggesting that high levels of emotion dysregulation are characteristic of and predict the severity of both PTSD symptoms and the level of interpersonal/marital difficulties reported by veterans with PTSD and their family members. In doing so, we present a compelling rationale for the inclusion of formal skills training in emotional regulation in couple–/family-based PTSD treatments. We further argue that increased exposure to trauma-related memories and emotions in treatments based on learning theory requires veterans and their partners to learn to manage the uncomfortable emotions that they previously avoided. Conjoint treatments that were developed in the last 30 years all acknowledge the importance of emotions in PTSD but vary widely in their relative emphasis on helping participants to acquire strategies to modulate them compared to other therapeutic tasks such as learning about the disorder or disclosing the trauma to a loved one. We conclude our review by describing two recent innovative treatments for PTSD that incorporate a special emphasis on emotion-regulation skills training in the dyadic context: structured approach therapy(SAT) and multi-family group for military couples(MFG-MC). Although the incorporation of emotion-regulation skills into conjoint PTSD therapies appears promising, replication and comparison to cognitive-behavioral approaches is needed to refine our understanding of which symptoms and veterans might be more responsive to one approach versus others. | Deborah A.Perlick Frederic J.Sautter Julia J.Becker-Cretu Danielle Schultz Savannah C.Grier Alexander V.Libin Manon Maitland Schladen Shirley M.Glynn | 2017 | Military Medical Research2017，4，4： | 0 |
| 16 | Feasibility study of minimally trained medical students using the Rural Obstetrical Ultrasound Triage Exam(ROUTE)in rural Panama显示文摘BACKGROUND:Maternal and infant mortality rates reported in rural Panama are greater than those in urban regions.Bocas del Toro is a region of Panama inhabited by indigenous people at greater risk for pregnancy-related complications and deaths due to geographic isolation and limited access to health care.Portable ultrasound training programs have recently been implemented in low-resource settings to increase access to diagnostic imaging.The goal of this study is to determine the feasibility of teaching firstyear medical students the Rural Obstetrical Ultrasound Triage Exam(ROUTE)to help identify pathology in pregnant women of the Bocas del Toro region of Panama.METHODS:Eight first-year medical students completed ROUTE training sessions.After training,the students were compared to professional sonographers to evaluate their accuracy in performing the ROUTE.Students then performed the ROUTE in mobile clinics within Bocas del Toro.They enrolled women pregnant in their 2nd or 3rd trimesters and measured biparietal diameter,head circumference,amniotic fluid index,fetal lie and placental position.Any abnormal measurement would be further analyzed by the lead physician for a potential hospital referral.RESULTS:A total of 60 women were enrolled in the study.Four women were detected as having a possible high-risk pregnancy and thus referred to a hospital for further evaluation.CONCLUSION:Based on our data,first-year medical students with additional training can use the ROUTE to identify complications in pregnancy using ultrasound in rural Panama.Additional studies are required to determine the optimal amount of training required for proficiency. | Annasha Vyas Katherine Moran Joshua Livingston Savannah Gonzales Marlene Torres Ali Duffens Carina Mireles Romo Gnevieve Mazza Briana Livingston Shadi Lahham John Christian Fox | 2018 | World Journal of Emergency Medicine2018，9，3： | 0 |
| 17 | Age-related Metabolic Effects of Acetaldehyde on Rats With Reference to Detoxification Enzymes and Sulfhydryl Groups显示文摘Induced-acetaldehyde toxic effects on gluatathione [GSH] metabolism and sulfhydryl (SH) groups in liver and in brain of female albino rats with reference to age was studied.The total -SH groups were decreased whereas the specific activities of glutathione-S-transferase [GST] and glutathione peroxidase [GP0] were increased in acetaldehyde treated rats. However, the specific activity levels of glutathione reductase [GR] and Γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase [Γ-GCS] were decreased. In general, acetaldehyde indueed changes in the specific activities of the enzymes that increase with increasing | G. UMA DEVI K. INDIRA G. R. V. BABU AND C. S. CHETTY (Dopartment of Zoology, S. V University, Tirupati-517 502 India Department of Medicine, Univ. Med Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA, Department of Biology, Savannah State University, Savannah,GA 31404 | 1996 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences1996，9，4： | 0 |
| 18 | Effect of Acetaldehyde on Oxidoreductases in Tissues of Rats at Different Ages显示文摘The toxicity of acetaldehyde and age related changes on oxidoreductases in the liver,brain, kidney, and musele of female albino rats (Wistar strain) were studied. The specific activities of lactate [LDH], isocitrate [ICDH (NAD/NADP)], succinate [SDH], malate [MDH], glutamate [GDH] and glucose-6-Phosphate [G-6-PDH] dehydrogenases were signifieantly inereased as a function of age. However, acetaldehyde treatment significantly inhibited oxidoreductases in the tissues of 21, 90 and 180 day old rats. Liver enzymes of young (21 days) rats exhibited greater sensitivity to acetaldehyde toxicity. Similar inhibition of oxidoreductases in brain and kidney of adult (180 days) rats treated with acetaldehyde was observed. LDH and GDH as compared to other enzymes studied showed higher susceptibility to acetaldehyde toxicity. The differential sensitivity of tissues and inhibition of oxidoreductases by acetaldehyde as a function of age could be attributed to hypoxic conditions, energy crisis, and mitochondrial structural changes. The results suggest that acetaldehyde affects oxidation of glucose via HMP shuni pathway, glycolytic pathway and Krebs cycle resulting in the impairment of carbohydrate | G. UMA DEVI K. INDIRA G. R. V. BABU AND C. S. CHETTY (Department of Zoology, S. V University, Tirupati-517 502 India Department of Medicine, Univ. Med Center, Jackson, MS-39216,USA Department of Biology, Savannah State University,Savannah GA-31404, | 1996 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences1996，9，4： | 0 |
| 19 | Assessment of clinical dehydration using point of care ultrasound for pediatric patients in rural Panama显示文摘BACKGROUND: Dehydration and its associated symptoms are among the most common chief complaints of children in rural Panama. Previous studies have shown that intravascular volume correlates to the ratio of the diameters of the inferior vena cava(IVC) to the aorta(Ao). Our study aims to determine if medical students can detect pediatric dehydration using ultrasound on patients in rural Panama. METHODS: This was a prospective, observational study conducted in the Bocas del Toro region of rural Panama. Children between the ages of 1 to 15 years presenting with diarrhea, vomiting, or parasitic infection were enrolled in the study. Ultrasound measurements of the diameters of the IVC and abdominal aorta were taken to assess for dehydration. RESULTS: A total of 59 patients were enrolled in this study. Twenty-four patients were clinically diagnosed with dehydration and 35 were classified to have normal hydration status. Of the 24 patients with dehydration, half(n=12) of these patients had an IVC/Ao ratio below the American threshold of 0.8. Of the remaining asymptomatic subjects, about half(n=18) of these subjects also had an IVC/Ao ratio below the American threshold of 0.8.CONCLUSION: Our study did not support previous literature showing that the IVC/Ao ratio is lower in children with dehydration. It is possible that the American standard for evaluating clinical dehydration is not compatible with the rural pediatric populations of Panama. | Genevieve Mazza Carina Mireles Romo Marlene Torres Ali Duffens Annasha Vyas Katherine Moran Joshua Livingston Savannah Gonzales Shadi Lahham Inna Shniter Maxwell Thompson John Christian Fox | 2019 | World Journal of Emergency Medicine2019，10，1： | 0 |
| 20 | Examination of Homologies between COVID-19 Vaccines and Common Allergens:The Potential for T Cell-mediated Responses for Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma显示文摘As the SARS-CoV-2 virus shares relatively large protein sequences homologous to grass pollens,dust mites,and molds,our objective was to assess the potential overlap between the COVID-19mRNA vaccines fromPfizer-BioNtech andModerna and known allergens.We found 7 common allergens with potential for cross-reactivity with the Pfizer vaccine and 19 with theModerna vaccine,including common grasses,molds,and dust mites.T-cell mediated antigen cross-reactivity between viruses and allergens is a relatively new area of study in clinical immunology;a discipline that may be particularly useful regarding the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the allergic response in humans.These results suggest that vaccination with the Pfizer-BioNtech andModerna COVID-19 vaccinesmay contribute to T-cell cross-reactivity with allergens that impact allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis.Further research should assess the clinical implications of COVID-19 vaccination on the severity and symptomatology of the allergic disease,in addition to natural viral infection. | Micah Hartwell Benjamin H.Greiner Savannah Nicks | 2022 | Infectious Diseases & Immunity2022，2，4： | 0 |
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