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| 1 | Two possible hydrothermal vents in the northern Okinawa Trough显示文摘As the Okinawa Trough is a back-arc basin in early spreading, modern submarine hydrothermal activity and minerallization have many characteristics which have aroused wide attention. Up to now, three well-known hydro-thermal venting areas are all located in the middle part of the trough. During two cruise investigations to map and sample the seafloor, numbers of Calyptogena sp. shells were dredged at two sites in the northern trough with comparatively thicker crust and numerous submarine volcanoes. Based on the fact that Calyptogena sp. is only observed around the hydrothermal vents and lives on hydrothermal activities, it is predicted that there is the possibility of modern hydrothermal activities in the northern part of the trough. In this note, the shell is carefully characterized and the sample locations with possible hydrothermal activity are given. It is pointed out that the research of biogenic fossils to trace hydrothermal activity changes in venting time, strength fluctuations, evolution in | ZHAI Shikui XU Shumei YU Zenghui QIN Yunshan ZHAO Yiyang | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，11： | 9 |
| 2 | Heavy metals in Changjiang estuarine and offshore sediments:responding to human activities显示文摘The Changjiang (Yangtze) estuarine and offshore sediments were analyzed for total heavy metals concentrations and chemical fractions.Distributions of heavy metals show typical banded diffusion pattern,with high concentrations near the river mouth and following a decreasing trend in the offshore direction.According to chemical fractions,Fe/Mn oxide fraction is the major non-residual fraction in the Changjiang estuarine and offshore sediments.Higher percentage of non-residual fraction of Pb implies that,the industrial contaminations transported via the atmosphere and river input,may affect the non-residual fraction of heavy metals.Over past fifteen years,the concentration of Pb normalizing to Al presents significant increasing trend,corresponding to the effect of human activities.By comparison of heavy metals fractions in 2003 to 2006,it has been realized that increasing water and sediment may cause a higher percentage non-residual fraction of Cu in the southern part of offshore muddy sediments. | DONG Aiguo ZHAI Shikui Matthias Zabel YU Zenghui ZHANG Huaijing LIU Feifei | 2012 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2012，31，2： | 8 |
| 3 | Elemental geochemical records of seafloor hydrothermal activities in the sediments from the Okinawa Trough显示文摘The major and minor element contents in the sediment core H9 from the hydrothermal fields of the Okinawa Trough show a sharp change at the depth of 80 cm. The elements enriched in the upper 80 cm core are those enriched in the hydrothermal deposits and in the surface sediments recovered from the hydrothermal fields in the trough, which indicates the input of hydrothermal materials. Comparing with other hydrothermal sediments from Mid-ocean Ridges or the Lau Basin, the degree of the enrichment of elements iron, copper,cobalt, and nickel is relatively low. However, the enrichment of elements manganese, lead, arsenic, antimony and mercury is remarkable. The average contents of these elements in the upper 80 cm core sediments are three to six times those in the lower section, and 3~12 times those in the surface sediments which are not influenced by hydrothermal activities. Hydrothermal activities have contributed significant manganese, lead, arsenic, antimony and mercury to the sediments, and these elements are distinct indicators for the hydrothermal activity in the Okinawa Trough. The significant enrichment of these elements in Core H9 upward from the depth 80 cm indicates the start or the significant enhancing of the hydrothermal activity in this area at about 5 740 aB.P. The average accumulation rate of manganese during this period is about 40 461 μg/(cm2·ka), which is similar to the hydrothermal sediments in the Lau Basin or the East Pacific Rise. | ZHAI Shikui YU Zenghui DU Tongjun | 2007 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2007，26，4： | 6 |
| 4 | Glass inclusions in volcanic rocks in the Okinawa Trough back-arc basin: constraints on magma genesis and evolution显示文摘The major element compositions of glass inclusions in plagioclase and pyroxene phenocrysts of basalt and pumice in the Okinawa Trough back-arc basin are determined by electron microprobe. The results indicate that basalt and pumice are cognate and respectively represent the products at early stages of magmatism and at late stage of crystal fractionation. The initial magma in the trough is rich in H2O. The variation of H2O content in magma may play an important role in the magma evolution. Plagioclase is the mineral crystallized throughout the whole magmatic process and accumulates in the zoned magma chamber. From these features it can be inferred that the initial magma in the Okinawa Trough, whose opening began in recent years, is seriously affected by fluid or other materials carried by subducting slab and the geochemical feature of volcanic rocks is in some degree similar to that of lavas in island-arc environments. | Yu Zenghui, Zhai Shikui, Li Xianzhong 1. Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, China | 2001 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2001，20，3： | 4 |
| 5 | Mineralogical characteristics of polymetallic sulfides from the Deyin-1 hydrothermal field near 15°S, southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge显示文摘A seafloor hydrothermal field, named Deyin-1 later, near 15°S southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge(SMAR) was newly found during the 22 nd cruise carried out by the China Ocean Mineral Resources Research & Development Association(COMRA). Sulfide samples were collected at three stations from the hydrothermal field during the26 th cruise in 2012. In this paper, mineralogical characteristics of the sulfides were analyzed with optical microscope, X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope and electron microprobe to study the crystallization sequence of minerals and the process of hydrothermal mineralization. According to the difference of the ore-forming metal elements, the sulfide samples can be divided into three types:(1) the Ferich sulfide, which contains mainly pyrite and chalcopyrite;(2) the Fe-Cu-rich sulfide consisting predominantly of pyrite, chalcopyrite and isocubanite, with lesser amount of sphalerite, marmatite and pyrrhotine; and(3) the Fe-Zn-rich sulfide dominated by pyrite, sphalerite and marmatite, with variable amounts of chalcopyrite, isocubanite, pyrrhotine, marcasite, galena and gratonite. Mineral precipitations in these sulfides are in the sequence of chalcopyrite(isocubanite and possible coarse pyrite), fine pyrite,sphalerite(marmatite), galena, gratonite and then the minerals out of the dissolution. Two morphologically distinct generations(Py-I and Py-II) of pyrite are identified in each of the samples; inclusions of marmatite tend to exist in the coarse pyrite crystals(Py-I). Sphalerite in the Fe-Zn-rich sulfide is characterized by a'chalcopyrite disease' phenomenon. Mineral paragenetic relationships and a wide range of chemical compositions suggest that the environment of hydrothermal mineralization was largely changing. By comparison, the Fe-rich sulfide was formed in a relatively stable environment with a high temperature, but the conditions for the formation of the Fe-Cu-rich sulfide were variable. The Fe-Zn-rich sulfide was precipitated during the hydrothermal venting at relatively low temperature. | WANG Shujie LI Huaiming ZHAI Shikui YU Zenghui SHAO Zongze CAI Zongwei | 2017 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2017，36，2： | 3 |
| 6 | Geochemical Features of Sulfides from the Deyin-1 Hydrothermal Field at the Southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge near 15?S显示文摘In this study, geochemical compositions of elements in sulfide samples collected from the Deyin-1 hydrothermal field near the 15?S southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge(SMAR) were analyzed by the X-ray fluorescence spectrometry(XRF) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) to examine the enrichment regulations of ore-forming elements and hydrothermal mineralization. These sulfide precipitates can be classified macroscopically into three types: Fe-rich sulfide, Fe-Cu-rich sulfide and Fe-Zn-rich sulfide, and are characterized by the enrichment of base metal elements along with a sequence of Fe>Zn>Cu. Compared with sulfides from other hydrothermal fields on MAR, Zn concentrations of sulfides in the research area are significantly high, while Cu concentrations are relatively low. For all major, trace or rare-earth elements(REE), their concentrations and related characteristic parameters exhibit significant variations(up to one or two orders of magnitude), which indicates the sulfides from different hydrothermal vents or even a same station were formed at different stages of hydrothermal mineralization, and suggests the variations of chemical compositions of the hydrothermal fluid with respect to time. The hydrothermal temperatures of sulfides precipitation decreased gradually from station TVG10(st.TVG10) to st.TVG12, and to st.TVG11, indicating that the precipitation of hydrothermal sulfides is subjected to conditions changed from high temperature to low temperature, and that the hydrothermal activity of study area was at the late stage of a general trend of evolution from strong to weak. The abnormally low concentrations of REE in sulfides and their similar chondrite-normalized REE patterns show that REEs in all sulfides were derived from a same source, but underwent different processes of migration or enrichment, or sulfides were formed at different stages of hydrothermal mineralization. The sulfides collected from the active hydrothermal vent were mainly attributed to precipitating directly from the hydrothermal fluid, while those collected from the extinct hydrothermal chimney might have already been altered by the seawater. Generally, ore-forming elements in the sulfides can be divided into three groups: Fe-based element group, Cu-based element group and Zn-based element group. The first group includes Fe, Mn, Cr, Mo, Sn, Rb and bio-enriching elements, such as P and Si, reflecting the similar characteristics to Fe in the study area. And the second group contains Cu, W, Co, Se, Te and Bi, suggesting the similar behavior with Cu. Moreover, the third group includes Zn, Hf, Hg, Cd, Ta, Ga, Pb, As, Ag, Ni and Sb, which indicates the geochemical characteristics of most dispersed trace elements controlled by Zn-bearing minerals to some extent. | WANG Shujie LI Huaiming ZHAI Shikui YU Zenghui CAI Zongwei | 2017 | Journal of Ocean University of China2017，16，6： | 3 |
| 7 | Geochemical characteristics of major and trace elements in the Okinawa Trough basaltic glass显示文摘The Okinawa Trough(OT) is a back-arc basin at an initial spreading stage that is under the influence of subduction of the Philippine Sea Plate. In this study, we analyzed the geochemical compositions of basaltic glass in the OT and discussed the effects of different magmatic sources, evolution, and subducted components in basalts. Our results showed that the middle and southern regions of the OT exhibit characteristics consistent with an iron-rich tholeiite series. Trace element proportions conform to the typical spider diagram pattern characteristic of back-arc basin basalts, rich in large ion lithophile elements(LILEs) including Rb, Ba, Pb, U, and Th, while depleted in high field-strength elements(HFSEs) including Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf, and Ti. The distribution of rare earth elements(REEs) is also consistent with enrichment by right-leaning light rare earth elements(LREEs).The addition of enriched mantle type I(EMI) materials as well as mantle heterogeneity may have led to variable degrees of enrichment in different regions. The magma source of the middle trough has undergone crystallization towards pyroxene, while development of plagioclase was restricted partly, and the crystallization of spinel and olivine ceased altogether. At the same time, crystallization of the southern OT magma source was dominated by olivine and including the formation of plagioclase, pyroxene, and magnetite(or titanomagnetite). Finally, the results of this study showed that 90% Th, 95% Ba in the southern basalt, 50%–70% Th and 70%–90% Ba in the middle basalt originated from subducted component. Different subducted component influence may be due to different subduction zone structural feature. | GUO Kun ZHAI Shikui YU Zenghui ZENG Zhigang WANG Xiaoyuan YIN Xuebo | 2018 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2018，37，2： | 2 |
| 8 | Heavy metals in suspended matters during a tidal cycle in the turbidity maximum around the Changjiang(Yangtze) Estuary显示文摘In order to discuss the content distributions and fluxes of heavy metals in suspended matters during a tidal cycle in the turbidity maximum around the Changjiang(Yangtze) Estuary,the contents of heavy metals(Zn,Pb,Cd,Co and Ni) have been analyzed.During a tidal cycle,the average contents of heavy metals are in the order of Zn>Ni>Pb>Co àCd.The average contents in ebb tide are generally higher than that in flood tide.However,at the inshore Sta.11,influenced by the contamination from the nearby waste treatment plant,the average contents of Zn and Ni in flood tide are higher than those in ebb tide and at the offshore Sta.10,the content of Cd in flood tide higher than that in ebb tide due to marine-derived materials.The five heavy metals,mainly terrigenous,are transported towards east-northeast,and settle down with suspended matters in the area between Sta.11 and Sta.10.Influenced by marine-derived materials,the flux value of Cd does not alter significantly with obviously changing in flux direction towards northwest.The source of heavy metals,the salinity of water and the concentration of suspended matters are the main factors controlling the content distributions of heavy metals during a tidal cycle.There is a positive correlation between the contents of heavy metals(Zn,Pb,Co and Ni) and the salinity of water,while the opposite correlation between the contents and the concentrations of suspended matters.Because of marine-derived materials,the content of Cd is not correlated with the concentration of suspended matters and the salinity of water. | ZHANG Huaijing ZHAI Shikui ZHANG Aibin ZHOU Yonghua YU Zenghui | 2015 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2015，34，10： | 1 |
| 9 | Studies On Microstructur And Aqueous Solution Properties Of Block Copolymer Of Acrylamide - Styrene 显示文摘 | Baojiao Gao Ruxiu Xu Shikui Yu | 2004 | Colloid & Polymer Science2004，282，9： | 1 |
| 10 | A General Method for the Synthesis of Hybrid Nanostructures Using MoSe_(2) Nanosheet-Assembled Nanospheres as Templates显示文摘The layered transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)and transition metal phosphides are low-cost,earth-abundant,and robust electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Integrating them into hybrid nanostructures is potentially promising to further boost the catalytic activity toward HER based on their synergistic effects.Herein,we report a general method for the synthesis of a series of MoSe_(2)-based hybrid nanostructures,including MoSe_(2)-Ni_(2)P,MoSe_(2)-Co_(2)P,MoSe_(2)-Ni,MoSe_(2)-Co,and MoSe_(2)-NiS,by postgrowth of Ni_(2)P,Co_(2)P,Ni,Co,and NiS nanostructures on the presynthesized MoSe_(2) nanosheet-assembled nanospheres,respectively,via a colloidal synthesis method.As a proof-of-concept application,the as-synthesized hybrid nanostructures are used as electrocatalysts for HER,exhibiting high activity and stability in acidic media.Among them,the MoSe_(2)-Co_(2)P composite shows the highest HER activity with an overpotential of 167 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2). | Shikui Han Kai Zhou Yifu Yu Chaoliang Tan Junze Chen Ying Huang Qinglang Ma Ye Chen Hongfei Cheng Weijia Zhou Hua Zhang | 2019 | Research2019，，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Studies on microstructure and aqueous solution properties of block copolymer of acrylamide-styrene显示文摘 | Baojiao GAO Ruxiu XU Shikui YU Li XU Zhen GE | | 0，，09： | 1 |
| 12 | Resolving the hydrothermal signature by sequential leaching studies of sediments from the middle of the Okinawa Trough显示文摘A sediment core H9 collected from the middle of the Okinawa Trough was studied by sequential leaching to indentify the hydrothermal component from the various other components such as detrital,biogenic,and so on.The elements were partitioned into five fractions:exchangeable,bound to carbonates,bound to iron and manganese oxides,bound to organic matter,and residual.The contents of elements Al,Ti,K,Fe,Mn,Pb,Co,Cu,Ni,and V in each fraction were determined and their percentages were calculated.Residual fraction is a dominant speciation for most studied elements except for Mn and Pb in the core sediments.For the elements Al,Ti,and K,residual fraction accounts for more than 95% of the total metal concentration.The concentrations of all studied elements in the exchangeable fraction,carbonate fraction,and organic fraction are relatively low.The metal levels in the iron and manganese oxide fraction are relatively high and this fraction represents another prevalent speciation.Also in this fraction,the metal concentrations and percentages are higher in the core section above 80 cm than those below 80 cm.Especially for Mn and Pb,the fractions bound to iron and manganese oxides account for more than 50% of the total metal concentration for the upper 80 cm section.Hydrothermal components mainly occur in this fraction.And the downcore variations of metal contents and percentages reflect the variations of hydrothermal inputs to the sediments.The high metal levels in the upper core indicate the enhancing influence of hydrothermal activities around on the core H9 during its late stage of sedimentation.The accumulation rates of hydrothermally derived Fe,Mn,Pb,Co,Cu,Ni,and V were evaluated based on their concentrations in the iron and manganese oxide fractions in this study.The results show that the accumulation rate of hydrothermally derived Mn is similar to those obtained from the Mid-ocean Ridges and Lau Basin.However,hydrothermally derived Fe and Cu present a relatively lower level. | YU ZengHui GAO YuHua ZHAI ShiKui LIU FeiFei | 2012 | Science China Earth Sciences2012，55，4： | 1 |
| 13 | The Evidence from Inclusions in Pumices for the Direct Degassing of Volatiles from the Magma to the Hydrothermal Fluids in the Okinawa Trough显示文摘This article presents the evidence in support of the direct magma degassing as the principal mechanism of volatiles releasing into the hydrothermal fluids in the Okinawa Trough, as contrasted to the argument for the hydrothermal stripping of volatiles from the volcanic rocks.\ Laser Raman microprobe and stepped-heating techniques are employed to determine the compositions and contents of the volatiles in pumices in the middle Okinawa Trough. The results show that the volatiles are similar to the gases in the hydrothermal fluids and hydrothermal minerals in composition, the mean percent content of each component and variation trend. This indicates the direct influence of magma degassing on the hydrothermal fluids. In addition, the contents of volatiles in pumices are rather low and do not support the hydrothermal stripping as the main mechanism to enrich the fluids with gases. The results are consistent with the idea that the direct magma degassing is more important than hydrothermal stripping in supplying gases to the hydrothermal fluids in the Okinawa Trough. | YU Zenghui *, ZHAI Shikui, ZHAO Guangtao College of Marine Geosciences, Ocean University of Qingdao, Qingdao 266003, P.R.China | 2002 | Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao2002，1，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Geochemical Features of Trace and Rare Earth Elements of Pumice in Middle Okinawa Trough and Its Indication of Magmatic Process显示文摘Pumice,the most widely distributed volcanic rock in Okinawa Trough,is loose and porous.Since its formation,it has definitely suffered from the denudation of the sea to different degrees.In order to truly reveal the geochemical features of pumice,we choose the method of mineral separation.Firstly,the phenocryst is separated from glass.Then the phenocryst is divided into light and heavy mineral compositions.By ICP-MS(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) analytical technology,the contents of trace and rare earth elements in the whole pumice,the glass and the heavy and light mineral compositions are determined respectively.By researching the elemental geochemical features,the magma dynamic processes are found.It shows that the initial magma for the pumice in Okinawa Trough came from the depleted mantle,from which the N-MORB(normal type of mid-ocean ridge basalt) is formed,homologous with the local basalts.But they are formed in different periods of magma crystal fractionation.Featured with sufficient crystal fractionation for pumice,it is found that the earlier crystallizing minerals are olivine,plagioclase and pyroxene.The pumice magma,formed from the depleted mantle,was mixed with additional subduction-related materials(components),and contaminated with the mass from upper crust when it rose up into the crust.As the Okinawa Trough is a back-arc basin in its early back-arc spreading stage,its magmatism has a series of its own unique characteristics,different from not only the mid-ocean ridge expansion,but also the mature back-arc basin. | ZHAI Shikui GUO Kun ZONG Tong YU Zenghui WANG Shujie CAI Zongwei ZHANG Xia | 2017 | Journal of Ocean University of China2017，16，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Strontium Isotope Compositions of Hydrothermal Barite from the Yonaguni Ⅳ: Insight into Fluid/Sediment Interaction and Barite Crystallization Condition显示文摘Hydrothermal barite is a typical low-temperature mineral formed during the mixing of hydrothermal fluid and seawater.Because of its extremely low solubility,barite behaves as a close system after crystallization and preserves the geochemical fingerprint of hydrothermal fluid.In this study,the elemental contents and Sr isotope compositions of hydrothermal barites from the Yonaguni IV were determined using electron microprobe and LA-MC-ICP-MS respectively.On these bases,the fluid/sediment interaction during the hydrothermal circulation and physicochemical condition of barite crystallization were discussed.Results show that the 87 Sr/86 Sr values of hydrothermal barites from the Yonaguni IV are apparently higher than those of the seawater and associated volcanic rocks,indicating the sufficient interaction between the hydrothermal fluid and overlying sediment.Monomineral Sr abundance shows large variations,reflecting the changes in barite growth rate during the fluid mixing.The mineralization condition in the Yonaguni IV was unstable.During the crystallization of barite,hydrothermal fluid and seawater mixed in varying degrees,with the pro-portions of hydrothermal fluid varied from 36%to 72%.The calculated crystallization temperatures range from 109 to 220℃.Sediment plays a critical role during the mineralization process in the Yonaguni IV and incorporation of sediment component into hydrothermal system was prior to barite crystallization and sulfide mineralization. | ZHANG Xia ZHAI Shikui YU Zenghui | 2020 | Journal of Ocean University of China2020，19，2： | 0 |
| 16 | Geochemical characteristics of Sr isotopes in the LS33 drill core from the Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea, and their response to the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau显示文摘Making full use of modern analytical and testing techniques to explore and establish new indexes or methods for extracting paleoseawater geochemical information from sediments will help to reconstruct the sedimentary paleoenvironment in different research areas.The connection between the subsidence of the South China Sea basin and the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau has been a scientific concern in recent decades.To explore the information on the sedimentary paleoenvironment,provenance changes and uplift of Tibetan Plateau contained in core sediments(debris),we selected core samples from Well LS33 in the Qiongdongnan Basin,South China Sea,and analyzed the contents of typical elements(Al,Th,and rare earth elements)that can indicate changes in provenance and the Sr isotopic compositions,which can reveal the geochemical characteristics of the paleoseawater depending on the type of material(authigenic carbonate and terrigenous detritus).The results show the following:(1)during the late Miocene,the Red River transported a large amount of detrital sediments from the ancient continental block(South China)to the Qiongdongnan Basin.(2)The authigenic carbonates accurately record changes in the 87Sr/86Sr ratios in the South China Sea since the Oligocene.These ratios reflect the semi-closed marginal sea environment of the South China Sea(relative to the ocean)and the sedimentary paleoenvironment evolution process of the deep-water area of the Qiongdongnan Basin from continental to transitional and then to bathyal.(3)Since the Neogene,the variations in the 87Sr/86Sr ratio in the authigenic carbonates have been consistent with the variations in the uplift rate of the Tibetan Plateau and the sediment accumulation rate in the Qiongdongnan Basin.These consistent changes indicate the complex geological process of the change in the rock weathering intensity and terrigenous Sr flux caused by changes in the uplift rate of the Tibetan Plateau,which influence the Sr isotope composition of seawater. | Ke Wang Shikui Zhai Zenghui Yu Huaijing Zhang | 2023 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2023，42，5： | 0 |
| 17 | Evolving patterns of the fluids within the TAG hydrothermal field显示文摘The mixing of seawater/hydrothermal fluid within the large seafloor hydrothermal sulfide deposits plays a key role in the formation processes of the sulfide deposits.Some issues attract considerable attentions in the study of seafloor hydrothermal system in recent years,such as the relationships among different types of vent fluids,the characteristics of chemical compositions and mineral assemblages of the hydrothermal deposits and their governing factors.Combined with the measured data of hydrothermal fluid in the TAG field,the thermodynamic model of mixing processes of the heated seawater at different temperatures and the hydrothermal fluid is calculated to understand the precipitation mechanism of anhydrite and the genetic relationships between the black and white smoker fluids within the TAG mound.The results indicate that the heating of seawater and the mixing of hydrothermal fluid/seawater are largely responsible for anhydrite precipitation and the temperature of the heated seawater is not higher than 150 ℃ and the temperature of the end-member hydrothermal fluid is not lower than 400℃.Based on the simulated results,the evolving patterns of fluids within the TAG deposit are discussed.The mixed fluid of the end-member hydrothermal fluid and the seawater heated by wall rock undergoes conductive cooling during upflowing within the deposit and forms 'White Smoker' eventually.In addition,the end-member hydrothermal fluid without mixed with seawater,but undergoing conductive cooling,vents out of the deposit and forms 'Black Smoker'. | LI HuaiMing ZHAI ShiKui YU ZengHui TAO ChunHui CHU FengYou | 2009 | Science China Earth Sciences2009，52，1： | 0 |
| 18 | Heat and mass flux estimation of modem seafloor hydrothermal activity显示文摘Research on heat and mass flux yielded by modern seafloor hydrothermal activity is very important, because it is involved not only in the base of ocean environment research, but also in the historical evolution of seawater properties. Currently, estimating heat flux is based on the observation data of hydrothermal smokers, low-temperature diffusive flow and mid-ocean ridge mainly. But there are some faults, for example, there is lack of a concurrent conductive item in estimating the heat flux by smokers and the error between the half-space cooling model and the observation data is too large. So, three kinds of methods are applied to re-estimating the heat flux of hydrothermal activity resepectively, corresponding estimation is 97.359 GW by hydrothermal smoker and diffusive flow, 84.895 GW by hydrothermal plume, and 4.11 TW by exponential attenuation method put forward by this paper. Research on mass flux estimation is relatively rare, the main reason for this is insufficient field observation data. Mass fluxes of different elements are calculated using hydrothermal vent fluid data from the TAG hydrothermal area on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge for the first time. Difference of estimations by different methods reflects the researching extent of hydrothermal activity, and systematically in-situ observation will help to estimate the contribution of hydrothermal activity to ocean chemical environment, ocean circulation and global climate precisely. | ZHAI Shikui WANG Xingtao YU Zenghui | 2006 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2006，25，6： | 0 |
| 19 | Numerical simulation for fluids mixing within seafloor hydrothermal sulfide deposit:taking the Trans-Atlantic Geo-Traverse (TAG) field for example显示文摘The formation mechanism of the large hydrothermal sulfide deposit is a complex geological process involving many controlling factors. Mixing between hydrothermal fluid and seawater plays a key role in this process. The results of the Ocean Drilling Program(ODP) indicate that mixing of the evolved seawater and hydrothermal fluid,which is wildly developed within the Trans-Atlantic Geo-Traverse(TAG) hydrothermal deposit,governs the internal structure and chemical compositions of the deposit to great extent. Taking the TAG field for example,the mixing processes of hydrothermal fluid with the seawater heated to different extent are calculated,so as to discuss the impact of hydrothermal fluid/seawater mixing on the formation process of the sulfide deposit. The results indicate that:(1) mixing between the heated seawater and hydrothermal fluid derived from the deep deposit is largely responsible for the wild precipitation of anhydrite within the TAG hydrothermal deposit;(2) 330-310 C is a special temperature range in the mixing process;(3) the mixing and hydrothermal processes in different zones of the TAG hydrothermal deposit(TAG-1,TAG-2 and TAG-5,etc.) have been discussed based on the simulated results. | LI Huaiming ZHAI Shikui TAO Chunhui YU Zenghui CHU Fengyou | 2010 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2010，29，1： | 0 |
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