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| 1 | 卒中一级预防指南 美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会为医疗卫生专业人员制定的指南美国神经病学学会肯定本指南作为神经科医生继续教育工具的价值显示文摘背景和目的本指南对各种已确定和新出现的卒中危险因素的证据进行概述,以提供降低首次卒中风险的循证推荐。方法写作组成员由委员会主席根据每位成员先前在相关课题领域中的工作提名,并经美国心脏协会(American HeartAssociation,AHA)卒中委员会科学声明监督委员会批准。写作组采用系统文献回顾的方法(涵盖时间为2006年上一次回顾发表到2009年4月),参考先前已发表的指南、个人文件和专家意见来总结现有证据,并指出现有知识的差距;如果合适,则根据标准的AHA标准做出推荐。写作组全体成员均有机会对推荐进行评论并审核这份声明的最终文本。在AHA科学咨询和协调委员会考察和批准之前,本指南已南卒中委员会领导层和AIIA科学声明督察委员会进行过广泛的同行评议。结果对评价个体首次卒巾风险的流程图进行了评价。根据干预的町能性(不可于预、可于预或潜在可干预)和证据的强度(证据充分或证据不太充分),对首次卒中的危险因素或风险标记物进行分类。不可干预危险因素包括年龄、性别、低出生体质量、人种/种族和遗传倾向。证据充分的叮干预危险因素包括高血压、吸烟、糖尿病、心房颤动和某些其他心脏病、血脂异常、颈动脉狭窄、镰状细胞病、绝经后激素治疗、不良饮食习惯、体力活动过少以及肥胖和体脂分布。证据不太充分或潜在的可干预危险因素包括代谢综合征、酗酒、药物滥用、口服避孕药、睡眠呼吸障碍、偏头痛、高同型半胱氨酸血症、脂蛋白(a)升高、高凝状态、炎症和感染。对用阿司匹林进行卒中一级预防的资料进行了回顾。结论多方面的证据可用于确定能增高首次卒中风险的多种具体因素并提供降低这种风险的策略。 | Larry B. Goldstein Cheryl D. Bushnell Robert J. Adams Lawrence J. Appel Lynne T. Braun Seemant Chaturvedi Mark A. Creager Antonio Culebras Robert H. Eckel Robert G. Hart Judith A. Hinchey Virginia J. Howard Edward C. Jauch Steven R. Levine James F. Meschia Wesley S. Moore J.V. (Ian) Nixon Thomas A. Pearson 张霞(译) 尤寿江(译) 陈孝东(译) 卢涛声(译) 石际俊(译) 曹勇军(译) 徐兴顺(译) | 2010 | 国际脑血管病杂志2010，18，12： | 12 |
| 2 | Guidelines for the Primary Prevention of Stroke: A Guideline for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association显示文摘 | Larry B. Goldstein Cheryl D. Bushnell Robert J. Adams Lawrence J. Appel Lynne T. Braun Seemant Chaturvedi Mark A. Creager Antonio Culebras Robert H. Eckel Robert G. Hart Judith A. Hinchey Virginia J. Howard Edward C. Jauch Steven R. Levine James F. Meschi | 2011 | Stroke2011，，2： | 6 |
| 3 | AHA/ACC Guidelines for Secondary Prevention for Patients With Coronary and Other Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease: 2006 Update: Endorsed by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute显示文摘 | Sidney C. Smith Jerilyn Allen Steven N. Blair Robert O. Bonow Lawrence M. Brass Gregg C. Fonarow Scott M. Grundy Loren Hiratzka Daniel Jones Harlan M. Krumholz Lori Mosca Richard C. Pasternak Thomas Pearson Marc A. Pfeffer Kathryn A. Taubert | 2006 | Circulation2006，，19： | 4 |
| 4 | Quality Improvement Guidelines for the Treatment of Lower Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis with Use of Endovascular Thrombus Removal显示文摘 | Suresh Vedantham Patricia E. Thorpe John F. Cardella Clement J. Grassi Nilesh H. Patel Hector Ferral Lawrence V. Hofmann Bertrand M. Janne d’Othée Vittorio P. Antonaci Elias N. Brountzos Daniel B. Brown Louis G. Martin Alan H. Matsumoto Steven G. Meranze | 2006 | Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology2006，，3： | 3 |
| 5 | Clinical and Pathologic Correlation of 84 Mucinous Cystic Neoplasms of the Pancreas: Can One Reliably Differentiate Benign From Malignant (or Premalignant) Neoplasms?显示文摘 | Michael G. Sarr Herschel A. Carpenter Lawrence P. Prabhakar Todd F. Orchard Steven Hughes Jon A. van Heerden Eugene P. DiMagno | 2000 | Annals of Surgery2000，，2： | 3 |
| 6 | Pedicle Morphology In Thoracic Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Is Pedicle Fixation an Anatomically Viable Technique?显示文摘 | Michael F O’Brien Lawrence G Lenke Steven Mardjetko Thomas G Lowe Yinong Kong Kevin Eck David Smith | 2000 | Spine2000，，18： | 2 |
| 7 | 2009 Canadian Cardiovascular Society/Canadian guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia and prevention of cardiovascular disease in the adult – 2009 recommendations显示文摘 | Jacques Genest Ruth McPherson Jiri Frohlich Todd Anderson Norm Campbell André Carpentier Patrick Couture Robert Dufour George Fodor Gordon A. Francis Steven Grover Milan Gupta Robert A. Hegele David C. Lau Lawrence Leiter Gary F. Lewis Eva Lonn G.B. John | 2009 | Canadian Journal of Cardiology2009，，10： | 2 |
| 8 | Incidence of Sedation-Related Complications With Propofol Use During Advanced Endoscopic Procedures显示文摘 | Gregory A. Coté Robert M. Hovis Michael A. Ansstas Lawrence Waldbaum Riad R. Azar Dayna S. Early Steven A. Edmundowicz Daniel K. Mullady Sreenivasa S. Jonnalagadda | 2010 | Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology2010，，2： | 2 |
| 9 | Fast accurate fuzzy clustering through data reduction 显示文摘 | Steven E Jing W K Lawrence O | 2003 | IEEE Trans on Fuzzy Systems2003，11，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Reassessing the Cross-National Relationship Between Income Inequality and Homicide Rates: Implications of Data Quality Control in the Measurement of Income Distribution显示文摘 | Steven F. Messner Lawrence E. Raffalovich Peter Shrock | 2002 | Journal of Quantitative Criminology2002，，4： | 1 |
| 11 | Acid Rereflux: A Review, Emphasizing Detection by Impedance, Manometry, and Scintigraphy, and the Impact on Acid Clearing Pathophysiology as Well as Interpreting the pH Record显示文摘 | Steven S. Shay Lawrence F. Johnson Joel E. Richter | 2003 | Digestive Diseases and Sciences2003，，： | 1 |
| 12 | Surgical treatment of a gastric diverticulum in an adolescent显示文摘 | Steven Elliott Anthony D. Sandler John J. Meehan John P. Lawrence | 2006 | Journal of Pediatric Surgery2006，，8： | 1 |
| 13 | Secular oscillations in the carbonate mineralogy of reef-building and sediment-producing organisms driven by tectonically forced shifts in seawater chemistry显示文摘 | Steven M Stanley Lawrence A Hardie | 1998 | Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology1998，，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Quality Improvement Guidelines for the Treatment of Lower Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis with Use of Endovascular Thrombus Removal显示文摘 | Suresh Vedantham Patricia E. Thorpe John F. Cardella Clement J. Grassi Nilesh H. Patel Hector Ferral Lawrence V. Hofmann Bertrand M. Janne d’Othée Vittorio P. Antonaci Elias N. Brountzos Daniel B. Brown Louis G. Martin Alan H. Matsumoto Steven G. Meranze | 2009 | Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology2009，，7： | 1 |
| 15 | Magnesium reduces free radicals in a in vivo coronary occlusion reperfusion model显示文摘 | Lawrence A Steven C Sean M | 2008 | J Am Coil Cardiol2008，32，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Heavy ion contributions to organ dose equivalent for the 1977 galactic cosmic ray spectrum显示文摘 | Steven A. Walker Lawrence W. Townsend John W. Norbury | 2013 | Advances in Space Research2013，，： | 1 |
| 17 | Magnesium reduceds free radicals in a in vivo caranary occlasion reperfusion model 显示文摘 | Lawrence A Steven C Sean | 1998 | Am Coll Cardiol1998，32，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Synthetic Vision Enhanced Surface Operations With Head-Worn Display for Commercial Aircraft显示文摘 | Jarvis J. Arthur Lawrence J. Prinzel Kevin J. Shelton Lynda J. Kramer Steven P. Williams Randall E. Bailey Robert M. Norman | 2009 | The International Journal of Aviation Psychology2009，，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Trade and search generated unemployment显示文摘 | Carl Davidson Lawrence Martin Steven Matusz | 1999 | Journal of international Economics1999，，48： | 1 |
| 20 | Diabetic Foot Disorders: A Clinical Practice Guideline (2006 Revision)显示文摘 | Robert G. Frykberg Thomas Zgonis David G. Armstrong Vickie R. Driver John M. Giurini Steven R. Kravitz Adam S. Landsman Lawrence A. Lavery J. Christopher Moore John M. Schuberth Dane K. Wukich Charles Andersen John V. Vanore | 2006 | The Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery2006，，5： | 1 |
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