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| 1 | Coastal acidification in summer bottom oxygen-depleted waters in northwestern-northern Bohai Sea from June to August in 2011显示文摘Dissolved oxygen(DO) and pH in the central part of the Bohai Sea were surveyed in late June and late August,2011.During the June cruise,the bottom DO was in the range of 215-290 μmol-O2 kg-1(i.e.85%-115% of the saturation level),and the bottom pH was in the range of 7.82-8.04 on the total-hydrogen-ion scale.In August,however,both the bottom DO and the pH had significantly declined in the northwestern-northern near-shore areas,where the water depth was no more than 35 m.The lowest bottom DO was 100-110 μmol-O2 kg-1(only 44%-47% of the June DO values) in the northern near-shore area,where the bottom pH was 7.64-7.68 on the total-hydrogen-ion scale(0.16-0.20 units lower than the June pH value).The largest decreases in DO and in pH were observed in the northwestern near-shore bottom waters,corresponding to declines of 170 μmol-O2 kg-1(as high as 59% of the June DO value) and 0.29 pH units,respectively.The greatest pH decline of 0.29 pH units meant that the total-hydrogen-ion concentration doubled in the bottom waters from June to August.Based on field measurements of bottom DO/pH combined with a simplified model simulation,we suggest that respiration/remineralization-derived CO2 increased the acidity in the bottom oxygen-depleted waters of northwestern-northern near-shore areas in the Bohai Sea as a result of coastal red tides and/or marine aquaculture.This aquatic chemistry is suggested to be partially responsible for scallop-breeding failures in the northwestern Bohai Sea in summer 2011. | ZHAI WeiDong ZHAO HuaDe ZHENG Nan XU Yi | 2012 | Chinese Science Bulletin2012，57，9： | 22 |
| 2 | Distribution,fluxes and decadal changes of nutrients in the Jiulong River Estuary,Southwest Taiwan Strait显示文摘The Jiulong River Estuary (JRE) is a typical subtropical macro-tide estuary on the southwest coast of the Taiwan Strait (TWS),which has been greatly impacted by human activities over the past 30 years.To understand nutrient dynamics and fluxes under such a heavy background of anthropogenic perturbation,eight cruises were conducted from April 2008 to April 2011,covering both wet (May to September) and dry (October to April next year) seasons.Nutrient concentrations were very high for the freshwater end-member in the upper reach of the JRE (nitrate (NO 3-N):120-230 mol L-1 ;nitrite (NO 2-N):5-15 mol L-1 ;ammonium (NH 4-N):15-170 mol L-1 ;soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP):1.2-3.5 mol L-1 ;dissolved silicate (DSi):200-340 mol L-1).In dry seasons,concentrations of these nutrients were higher than in wet seasons.Nitrate was the dominant chemical species of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN),with percentages of 67%-96% in wet seasons and 55%-72% in dry seasons.Distributions of NO 3-N and DSi against salinity were nearly constant during all cruises,and showed generally conservative mixing behaviors in the estuary (1 | YAN XiuLi ZHAI WeiDong HONG HuaSheng LI Yan GUO WeiDong HUANG Xiao | 2012 | Chinese Science Bulletin2012，57，18： | 16 |
| 3 | Carbon pools and fluxes in the China Seas and adjacent oceans显示文摘The China Seas include the South China Sea, East China Sea, Yellow Sea, and Bohai Sea. Located off the Northwestern Pacific margin, covering 4700000 km^2 from tropical to northern temperate zones, and including a variety of continental margins/basins and depths, the China Seas provide typical cases for carbon budget studies. The South China Sea being a deep basin and part of the Western Pacific Warm Pool is characterized by oceanic features; the East China Sea with a wide continental shelf, enormous terrestrial discharges and open margins to the West Pacific, is featured by strong cross-shelf materials transport; the Yellow Sea is featured by the confluence of cold and warm waters; and the Bohai Sea is a shallow semiclosed gulf with strong impacts of human activities. Three large rivers, the Yangtze River, Yellow River, and Pearl River, flow into the East China Sea, the Bohai Sea, and the South China Sea, respectively. The Kuroshio Current at the outer margin of the Chinese continental shelf is one of the two major western boundary currents of the world oceans and its strength and position directly affect the regional climate of China. These characteristics make the China Seas a typical case of marginal seas to study carbon storage and fluxes. This paper systematically analyzes the literature data on the carbon pools and fluxes of the Bohai Sea,Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and South China Sea, including different interfaces(land-sea, sea-air, sediment-water, and marginal sea-open ocean) and different ecosystems(mangroves, wetland, seagrass beds, macroalgae mariculture, coral reefs, euphotic zones, and water column). Among the four seas, the Bohai Sea and South China Sea are acting as CO_2 sources, releasing about0.22 and 13.86–33.60 Tg C yr^(-1) into the atmosphere, respectively, whereas the Yellow Sea and East China Sea are acting as carbon sinks, absorbing about 1.15 and 6.92–23.30 Tg C yr^(-1) of atmospheric CO_2, respectively. Overall, if only the CO_2 exchange at the sea-air interface is considered, the Chinese marginal seas appear to be a source of atmospheric CO_2, with a net release of 6.01–9.33 Tg C yr^(-1), mainly from the inputs of rivers and adjacent oceans. The riverine dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) input into the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and South China Sea are 5.04, 14.60, and 40.14 Tg C yr^(-1),respectively. The DIC input from adjacent oceans is as high as 144.81 Tg C yr^(-1), significantly exceeding the carbon released from the seas to the atmosphere. In terms of output, the depositional fluxes of organic carbon in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and South China Sea are 2.00, 3.60, 7.40, and 5.92 Tg C yr^(-1), respectively. The fluxes of organic carbon from the East China Sea and South China Sea to the adjacent oceans are 15.25–36.70 and 43.93 Tg C yr^(-1), respectively. The annual carbon storage of mangroves, wetlands, and seagrass in Chinese coastal waters is 0.36–1.75 Tg C yr^(-1), with a dissolved organic carbon(DOC) output from seagrass beds of up to 0.59 Tg C yr^(-1). Removable organic carbon flux by Chinese macroalgae mariculture account for 0.68 Tg C yr^(-1) and the associated POC depositional and DOC releasing fluxes are 0.14 and 0.82 Tg C yr^(-1), respectively. Thus, in total, the annual output of organic carbon, which is mainly DOC, in the China Seas is 81.72–104.56 Tg C yr^(-1). The DOC efflux from the East China Sea to the adjacent oceans is 15.00–35.00 Tg C yr^(-1). The DOC efflux from the South China Sea is 31.39 Tg C yr^(-1). Although the marginal China Seas seem to be a source of atmospheric CO_2 based on the CO_2 flux at the sea-air interface, the combined effects of the riverine input in the area, oceanic input, depositional export,and microbial carbon pump(DOC conversion and output) indicate that the China Seas represent an important carbon storage area. | Nianzhi JIAO Yantao LIANG Yongyu ZHANG Jihua LIU Yao ZHANG Rui ZHANG Meixun ZHAO Minhan DAI Weidong ZHAI Kunshan GAO Jinming SONG Dongliang YUAN Chao LI Guanghui LIN Xiaoping HUANG Hongqiang YAN Limin HU Zenghu ZHANG Long WANG Chunjie CAO Yawei LUO Tingwei LUO Nannan WANG Hongyue DANG Dongxiao WANG Si ZHANG | 2018 | Science China Earth Sciences2018，61，11： | 12 |
| 4 | Phytoplankton communities and its controlling factors in summer and autumn in the southern Yellow Sea, China显示文摘The phytoplankton water samples were collected in two multidisciplinary investigations which were carried out during summer(June) and autumn(November to December) of 2011. Phytoplankton species composition and abundance data were accomplished by Uterm?hl method. The phytoplankton community was dominated by diatoms and dinoflagellates in the southern Yellow Sea(YS) in summer and autumn. In summer, Paralia sulcata and Prorocentrum dentatum were the predominated species, the cell abundance ranged from 0.074 to 107.733×103 cells/L with an average of 9.057×103 cells/L. Two phytoplankton high abundance appeared in northwest part of the survey area and the Changjiang River Estuary, respectively. In autumn, Par. sulcata became the predominant species, and the phytoplankton cell abundance ranged from 1.035×103 to 8.985×103 cells/L, the average was 3.263×103 cells/L. The phytoplankton abundance in surface layer presented the homogeneous distributions. Canonical Correspondence Analysis(CCA) method was applied for discovering the relationship between environmental factors and the common found phytoplankton species. The responses of phytoplankton to nutrients were varied between summer and autumn. The abundance of most predominant species, Par. sulcata was strongly correlated to temperature and salinity in autumn, but not the case in summer. | LIU Haijiao HUANG Yajie ZHAI Weidong GUO Shujin JIN Hualong SUN Jun | 2015 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2015，34，2： | 8 |
| 5 | Photo-production of dissolved inorganic carbon from dissolved organic matter in contrasting coastal waters in the southwestern Taiwan Strait, China显示文摘Photo-production of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) is an important transformation process in marine carbon cycle, but little is known about this process in Chinese coastal systems. This study investigated an estuarine water sample and a coastal seawater sample from the subtropical waters in southeast of China. Water samples were exposed to natural sunlight and the absorption and fluorescence of CDOM as well as the DIC concentration were measured in the summer of 2009. The estuarine water had higher CDOM level, molecular weight and proportion of humic-like fluorescent components than the seawater that exhibited abundant tryptophan-like fluorescent component. After a 3-day irradiation, the CDOM level decreased by 45% in the estuarine water and 20% in the seawater, accompanied with a decrease in the molecular weight and aromaticity of DOM which was inferred from an increase in the absorption spectral slope parameter. The photo-degradation rates of all the five fluorescent components were also notable, in particular two humic-like components (C4 and C5) were removed by 78% and 69% in the estuarine water and by 69% and 56% in the seawater. The estuarine water had a higher photo-production rate of DIC than the seawater (4.4 vs. 2.5 μmol/(L·day)), in part due to its higher CDOM abundance. The differences in CDOM compositions between the two types of waters might be responsible for the higher susceptibility of the estuarine water to photo-degradation and hence could also affect the photo-production process of DIC. | Weidong Guo Liyang Yang Xiangxiang Yu Weidong Zhai Huasheng Hong | 2012 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2012，24，7： | 7 |
| 6 | Hierarchical Ni-Co-S@Ni-W-O core-shell nanosheet arrays on nickel foam for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors显示文摘镍钴硫化物(Ni-Co-S ) 由于他们的优秀传导性和高电气化学的电容在电子设备为申请吸引了广泛的注意。为了便于 Ni-Co-S,优秀的率能力和这些的周期的稳定性的大规模实际申请,混合物必须充分被利用。因此,镍泡沫上的层次 Ni-Co-S@Ni-W-O (Ni-Co-S-W ) 核心 / 壳混血儿 nanosheet 数组经由一个灵巧的三步的热水的方法此处被设计并且综合,由在氩空气下面在一个管状的炉子退火列在后面。混合结构直接作为一个自立的电极被装配,它展出了 1,988 F | Weidong He Zhifu Liang Keyu ji Qingfeng Sun Tianyou Zhai Xijin Xu | 2018 | Nano Research2018，11，3： | 7 |
| 7 | Satellite-derived surface water pCO_2 and air-sea CO_2 fluxes in the northern South China Sea in summer显示文摘An empirical approach is presented for the estimation of the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) and air-sea CO2 fluxes in the northern South China Sea in summer using satellite-derived sea surface temperatures (SSTs), chlorophyll-a (Chl a) concentrations, and wind fields. Two algorithms were tested. The first used an SST-dependent equation, and the other involved the introduction of Chl a. Regression equations were developed for summer based on in situ data obtained in July, 2004. Using the monthly average SST and Chl a fields derived from the advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) and the SeaWiFS (sea-viewing wide field of view sensor), respectively, the monthly pCO2 fields were computed. The derived pCO2 was compared with the shipboard pCO2 observations conducted in July, 2000. This resulted in a root-mean-square error of 4.6 latm, suggesting that the satellite-derived pCO2 was in general agreement with the in situ observations. The air-sea CO2 flux was further computed with the aid of the monthly mean QuikSCAT wind speed. We contend that more shipboard data are necessary for refining the empirical algorithms and reducing the uncertainty in the results. | Yu Zhu Shaoling Shang Weidong Zhai Minhan Dai | 2009 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2009，19，6： | 7 |
| 8 | Hierarchical CuCo_2O_4@nickel-cobalt hydroxides core/shell nanoarchitectures for high-performance hybrid supercapacitors显示文摘Ni_(0.5)Co_(0.5)(OH)_2 nanosheets coated CuCo_2O_4 nanoneedles arrays were successfully designed and synthesized on carbon fabric. The core/shell nanoarchitectures directly served as the binder-free electrode with a superior capacity of 295.6 mAh g^(-1) at 1 Ag^(-1), which still maintained 220 mAh g^(-1) even at the high current density of 40 Ag^(-1), manifesting their enormous potential in hybrid supercapacitor devices. The asassembled CuCo_2O_4@Ni_(0.5)Co_(0.5)(OH)_2//AC hybrid supercapacitor device exhibited favorable properties with the specific capacitance as high as 90 Fg^(-1) at 1 Ag^(-1) and the high energy density of 32 Wh kg^(-1) at the power density of 800 Wkg^(-1). Furthermore, the as-assembled device also delivered excellent cycling performance(retaining 91.9% of the initial capacitance after 12,000 cycles at 8 Ag^(-1)) and robust mechanical stability and flexibility, implying the huge potential of present hierarchical electrodes in energy storage devices. | Chenggang Wang Kai Guo Weidong He Xiaolong Deng Peiyu Hou Fuwei Zhuge Xijin Xu Tianyou Zhai | 2017 | Science Bulletin2017，62，16： | 6 |
| 9 | Exploring seasonal acidification in the Yellow Sea显示文摘The Yellow Sea on the western continental margin of the North Pacific Ocean is of major ecological and economic importance. Four field surveys were conducted during May and November 2012, August 2015, and January 2016, investigating seasonal variations in dissolved oxygen and carbonate system parameters of this marginal sea. Results showed that the Yellow Sea cold water mass accumulated respiration-induced CO_2 in subsurface and bottom waters in summer and autumn, leading to acidified seawaters with critical carbonate saturation states of aragonite(Ω_(arag)) of less than 1.5. These seriously acidified seawaters occupied one third of surveyed areas in summer and autumn, likely affecting local calcified organisms and benthic communities. In a future scenario for the 2050 s, in which the atmospheric CO_2 mole fraction increases by 100 μmol mol-1, half of the Yellow Sea benthos would be seasonally covered by acidified seawater having a critical Ω_(arag) of less than 1.5. The corresponding bottom-water p H_T would be around 7.85 in summer, and 7.80 in autumn. Of the China seas, the Yellow Sea cold water mass represents one of the ecosystems most vulnerable to ocean acidification. | Weidong ZHAI | 2018 | Science China Earth Sciences2018，61，6： | 4 |
| 10 | Mechanisms of carbon storage and the coupled carbon, nitrogen and sulfur cycles in regional seas in response to global change显示文摘1.Great challenges in scientific frontiers of marine carbon storage in the scenario of global change The marine carbon cycle is influenced by anthropogenic activities,affecting global climate change and casting a significant impact on ecosystems.However,the complex spatiotemporal process of the marine carbon cycle results in the uncertainty in the estimation of marine carbon budget。 | XIE ShuCheng CHEN JianFang WANG FengPing XUN LuYing TANG Kai ZHAI WeiDong LIU JiHua MA WenTao | 2017 | Science China Earth Sciences2017，60，5： | 3 |
| 11 | On the seasonal variation of air – sea CO 2 fluxes in the outer Changjiang (Yangtze River) Estuary, East China Sea显示文摘 | Weidong Zhai Minhan Dai | 2009 | Marine Chemistry2009，，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Carbonate system and CO 2 degassing fluxes in the inner estuary of Changjiang (Yangtze) River, China显示文摘 | Weidong Zhai Minhan Dai Xianghui Guo | 2007 | Marine Chemistry2007，，3： | 1 |
| 13 | On the seasonal variation of ai>sea CO2 fluxes in the outer ChanRiiang (Yangtze River) Estuary, East China Sea显示文摘 | Zhai Weidong Dai Minhan | 2009 | Marine Chemistry2009，117，： | 1 |
| 14 | Carbonate system and CO 2 degassing fluxes in the inner estuary of Changjiang (Yangtze) River, China显示文摘 | Weidong Zhai Minhan Dai Xianghui Guo | 2007 | Marine Chemistry2007，，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Oxygen depeletion in the upper reach of the Pearl River Estuary during a winter drought 显示文摘 | DAI Minghan GUO Xianghui ZHAI Weidong | 2006 | Marine Chemistry2006，102，： | 1 |
| 16 | Spring and autumn living coccolithophores in the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea,China显示文摘The living coccolithophores(LCs) are an important class of calcified taxa of phytoplankton functional groups,and major producers of marine biogenic inorganic carbon,playing an important role in the marine carbon cycle.In this study,we report the two-demensional abundance,composition of LCs and its correlation with the environmental parameters in spring and autumn,in order to understand the ecological role of LCs in the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea.In spring,totally 9 taxa belonging to coccolithophyceae were identified using a polarized microscope at the 1 000× magnification.The dominant species were Emiliania huxleyi,Gephyrocapsa oceanica,Helicosphaera carteri,and Calcidiscus leptoporus.The abundance of coccosphores and coccoliths ranged 0–7.72cells/m L,and 0–216.09 coccoliths/m L,with the average values of 0.21 cells/m L,and 11.36 coccoliths/m L,respectively.The Emiliania huxleyi distribution was similar to Gephyrocapsa oceanica.The highest abundance of coccoliths was observed in the east of Shandong Peninsula in northern Yellow Sea,whereas Helicosphaera carteri distributed more widely.Emiliania huxleyi and Gephyrocapsa oceanica were the two predominant species in LCs with higher abundances.The distribution of LCs was similar to that of coccoliths.In autumn,14 taxa belonging to coccolithophyceae were identified with dominant species as Emiliania huxleyi,Gephyrocapsa oceanica,Helicosphaera carteri,Calcidiscus leptoporus and Oolithotus fragilis.The abundance of coccosphores and coccoliths ranged 0–24.69 cells/m L,and 0–507.15 coccoliths/m L,with the average values of 1.47 cells/m L,and55.89 coccoliths/m L,respectively.The highest abundance of coccoliths was located in Qingdao coastal waters and south of the survey area.The distribution of LCs was similar to the coccoliths; in addition,LCs presented large abundance in the east of the central Yellow Sea area. | JIN Hualong FENG Yuanyuan LI Xiaoqian ZHAI Weidong SUN Jun | 2015 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2015，34，10： | 1 |
| 17 | Isotopic evidence on multiple sources of nitrogen in the northern Jiulong River, Southeast China 显示文摘 | CAO Wenzhi HUANG Zheng ZHAI Weidong | 2015 | Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science2015，163，： | 1 |
| 18 | Diurnal variations of surface seawater pCO2 in contrastingcoastal environments显示文摘 | DAI MINHAN LU ZHONGMING ZHAI WEIDONG 2009 | 2009 | Limnology Oceanography2009，54，3： | 1 |
| 19 | High partial pressure of CO2 and its maintaining mechanism in a subtropical estuary: the Pearl River estuary,China显示文摘 | Zhai Weidong Dai Minhan Cai Weijun | 2005 | Marine Chemistry2005，93，1： | 1 |
| 20 | On the seasonal variation of air-sea COz fluxes in the outer Changjiang (Yangtze River) Estuary,East China Sea显示文摘 | Zhai Weidong Dai Minhan | 2009 | Marine Chemistry2009，117，14： | 1 |
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