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| 1 | Differential responses of short-term soil respiration dynamics to the experimental addition of nitrogen and water in the temperate semi-arid steppe of Inner Mongolia, China显示文摘We examined the effects of simulated rainfall and increasing N supply of different levels on CO2 pulse emission from typical Inner Mongolian steppe soil using the static opaque chamber technique, respectively in a dry June and a rainy August. The treatments included NH4NO3 additions at rates of 0, 5, 10, and 20 g N/(m2·year) with or without water. Immediately after the experimental simulated rainfall events, the CO2 effluxes in the watering plots without N addition(WCK) increased greatly and reached the maximum value at 2 hr. However, the efflux level reverted to the background level within 48 hr. The cumulative CO2 effluxes in the soil ranged from 5.60 to 6.49 g C/m2over 48 hr after a single water application, thus showing an increase of approximately 148.64% and 48.36% in the effluxes during both observation periods. By contrast, the addition of different N levels without water addition did not result in a significant change in soil respiration in the short term. Two-way ANOVA showed that the effects of the interaction between water and N addition were insignificant in short-term soil CO2 effluxes in the soil. The cumulative soil CO2fluxes of different treatments over 48 hr accounted for approximately 5.34% to 6.91% and 2.36% to 2.93% of annual C emission in both experimental periods. These results stress the need for improving the sampling frequency after rainfall in future studies to ensure more accurate evaluation of the grassland C emission contribution. | Yuchun Qi Xinchao Liu Yunshe Dong Qin Peng Yating He Liangjie Sun Junqiang Jia Congcong Cao | 2014 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2014，26，4： | 17 |
| 2 | Litter decomposition and C and N dynamics as affected by N additions in a semi-arid temperate steppe, Inner Mongolia of China显示文摘Litter decomposition is the fundamental process in nutrient cycling and soil carbon(C) sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems. The global-wide increase in nitrogen(N) inputs is expected to alter litter decomposition and,ultimately, affect ecosystem C storage and nutrient status. Temperate grassland ecosystems in China are usually N-deficient and particularly sensitive to the changes in exogenous N additions. In this paper, we conducted a 1,200-day in situ experiment in a typical semi-arid temperate steppe in Inner Mongolia to investigate the litter decomposition as well as the dynamics of litter C and N concentrations under three N addition levels(low N with 50 kg N/(hm2?a)(LN), medium N with 100 kg N/(hm2?a)(MN), and high N with 200 kg N/(hm2?a)(HN)) and three N addition forms(ammonium-N-based with 100 kg N/(hm2?a) as ammonium sulfate(AS), nitrate-N-based with 100 kg N/(hm2?a) as sodium nitrate(SN), and mixed-N-based with 100 kg N/(hm2?a) as calcium ammonium nitrate(CAN)) compared to control with no N addition(CK). The results indicated that the litter mass remaining in all N treatments exhibited a similar decomposition pattern: fast decomposition within the initial 120 days, followed by a relatively slow decomposition in the remaining observation period(120–1,200 days). The decomposition pattern in each treatment was fitted well in two split-phase models, namely, a single exponential decay model in phase I(<398 days) and a linear decay function in phase II(≥398 days). The three N addition levels exerted insignificant effects on litter decomposition in the early stages(<398 days, phase I; P>0.05). However, MN and HN treatments inhibited litter mass loss after 398 and 746 days, respectively(P<0.05). AS and SN treatments exerted similar effects on litter mass remaining during the entire decomposition period(P>0.05). The effects of these two N addition forms differed greatly from those of CAN after 746 and 1,053 days, respectively(P<0.05). During the decomposition period, N concentrations in the decomposing litter increased whereas C concentrations decreased, which also led to an exponential decrease in litter C:N ratios in all treatments. No significant effects were induced by N addition levels and forms on litter C and N concentrations(P>0.05). Our results indicated that exogenous N additions could exhibit neutral or inhibitory effects on litter decomposition, and the inhibitory effects of N additions on litter decomposition in the final decay stages are not caused by the changes in the chemical qualities of the litter, such as endogenous N and C concentrations. These results will provide an important data basis for the simulation and prediction of C cycle processes in future N-deposition scenarios. | Qin PENG YuChun QI YunShe DONG YaTing HE ShengSheng XIAO XinChao LIU LiangJie SUN JunQiang JIA ShuFang GUO CongCong CAO | 2014 | Journal of Arid Land2014，6，4： | 16 |
| 3 | Effects of a conversion from grassland to cropland on the different soil organic carbon fractions in Inner Mongolia, China显示文摘耕作是除放牧以外影响草地生态系统的最重要的人的活动之一,但是它土壤上的影响总计器官的碳(C) ,特别在有倾向的器官的 C 部分上还充分没被理解。在这份报纸,在土壤收割不同部分的器官的 C 水池的角色在中国,和在不同 C 部分之间的关系的内部蒙古在一个草地大草原区域被调查也被讨论。结果显示在大草原和栽培土地的不同 C 部分的集中都与土壤深度日益增多地减少了。在到为 36 年的春天小麦地的从大草原的变换以后,在 0~100 厘米土壤深度的全部的器官的碳( TOC )集中在12.3%~28.2%减少了,并且表面土壤地平线的 TOC ,特别那些更显著地 030 厘米减少了( p < 0.01 )。溶解的器官的碳(文档) 和在 040 厘米的深度的微生物引起的生物资源碳(MBC ) 被发现分别地在 66.7% ~ 77.1% 和 36.5% ~ 42.4% 减少了。在 S。baicalensis 大草原,春天小麦地里的到 TOC 的文档在 0.52% 和 0.60% 之间改变了的土壤的比率,和那些仅仅在 0.18%0.20% 的范围。在春天小麦的微生物引起的商(qMBs ) 回答,从 1.11% ~ 1.40% 变化,也是比在 S 的那些低的。baicalensis 大草原,它在 1.50%1.63% 的范围。文档的变化对耕作骚乱更敏感。土壤 TOC,文档,和 MBC 是显著地积极的在 S 与对方一起相关。baicalensis 大草原,但是在春天小麦地里,在文档之间的相互关系和在文档和 MBC 之间的 TOC 和那没到达 0.05 的意义水平。 | QI Yuchun DONG Yunshe PENG Qin XIAO Shengsheng HE Yating LIU Xinchao SUN Liangjie JIA Junqiang YANG Zhijie | 2012 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2012，22，2： | 13 |
| 4 | Transcriptional analysis and histochemistry reveal that hypersensitive cell death and H2O2 have crucial roles in the resistance of tea plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) to anthracnose显示文摘Anthracnose causes severe losses of tea production in China.Although genes and biological processes involved in anthracnose resistance have been reported in other plants,the molecular response to anthracnose in tea plant is unknown.We used the susceptible tea cultivar Longjing 43 and the resistant cultivar Zhongcha 108 as materials and compared transcriptome changes in the leaves of both cultivars following Colletotrichum fructicola inoculation.In all,9015 and 8624 genes were differentially expressed between the resistant and susceptible cultivars and their controls(0 h),respectively.In both cultivars,the differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were enriched in 215 pathways,including responses to sugar metabolism,phytohormones,reactive oxygen species(ROS),biotic stimuli and signalling,transmembrane transporter activity,protease activity and signalling receptor activity,but DEG expression levels were higher in Zhongcha 108 than in Longjing 43.Moreover,functional enrichment analysis of the DEGs showed that hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)metabolism,cell death,secondary metabolism,and carbohydrate metabolism are involved in the defence of Zhongcha 108,and 88 key genes were identified.Protein–protein interaction(PPI)network demonstrated that putative mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)cascades are activated by resistance(R)genes and mediate downstream defence responses.Histochemical analysis subsequently validated the strong hypersensitive response(HR)and H2O2 accumulation that occurred around the hyphal infection sites in Zhongcha 108.Overall,our results indicate that the HR and H2O2 are critical mechanisms in tea plant defence against anthracnose and may be activated by R genes via MAPK cascades. | Yuchun Wang Xinyuan Hao Qinhua Lu Lu Wang Wenjun Qian Nana Li Changqing Ding Xinchao Wang Yajun Yang | 2018 | Horticulture Research2018，5，1： | 11 |
| 5 | Detoxifying PCDD/Fs and heavy metals in fly ash from medical waste incinerators with a DCdouble arc plasma torch显示文摘Medical waste incinerator (MWI) fly ash is regarded as a highly toxic waste because it contains high concentrations of heavy metals anddioxins, including polychlorinateddibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinateddibenzofurans (PCDFs). Therefore fly ash from MWI must be appropriately treated before beingdischarged into the environment. A melting process based on adirect current thermal plasma torch has beendeveloped to convert MWI fly ash into harmless slag. The leaching characteristics of heavy metals in fly ash and vitrified slag were investigated using the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure, while the content of PCDD/Fs in the fly ashes and slags was measured using method 1613 of the US EPA. The experimental results show that thedecomposition rate of PCDD/Fs is over 99% in toxic equivalent quantity value and the leaching of heavy metals in the slag significantlydecreases after the plasma melting process. The produced slag has a compact and homogeneous microstructure withdensity of up to2.8 g/cm3 . | Xinchao Pan Jianhua Yan Zhengmiao Xie | 2013 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2013，25，7： | 5 |
| 6 | Development of a new cleaner production process for cassava ethanol显示文摘A new cleaner production process for cassava ethanol has been developed, in which the thin stillage by-product was treated initially by anaerobic digestion, and the digestate further processed by hydrogen-form cation exchange resin before being recycled as process water to make mash for the next ethanol fermentation batch.Thus wastewater was eliminated and freshwater and energy consumption was significantly reduced. To evaluate the new process, ten consecutive batches of ethanol fermentation and anaerobic digestion at lab scale were carried out. Average ethanol production in the recycling batches was 11.43%(v/v) which was similar to the first batch, where deionized(DI) water was used as process water. The chemical oxygen demand(COD) removal rate reached 98% and the methane yield was 322 ml per gram of COD removed, suggesting an efficient and stable operation of the anaerobic digestion. In conclusion, the application of the new process can contribute to sustainable development of the cassava ethanol industry. | Ke Wang Xinchao Yang Xidong Ren Jianhua Zhang Zhonggui Mao | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2017，25，4： | 4 |
| 7 | Response of soil N_2O emissions to precipitation pulses under different nitrogen availabilities in a semiarid temperate steppe of Inner Mongolia, China显示文摘Short-term nitrous oxide(N2O) pulse emissions caused by precipitation account for a considerable portion of the annual N2O emissions and are greatly influenced by soil nitrogen(N) dynamics. However, in Chinese semiarid temperate steppes, the response of N2O emissions to the coupling changes of precipitation and soil N availability is not yet fully understood. In this study, we conducted two 7-day field experiments in a semiarid temperate typical steppe of Inner Mongolia, China, to investigate the N2O emission pulses resulting from artificial precipitation events(approximately equivalent to 10.0 mm rainfall) under four N addition levels(0, 5, 10 and 20 g N/(m2·a)) using the static opaque chamber technique. The results show that the simulated rainfall during the dry period in 2010 caused greater short-term emission bursts than that during the relatively rainy observation period in 2011(P<0.05). No significant increase was observed for either the N2O peak effluxes or the weekly cumulative emissions(P>0.05) with single water addition. The peak values of N2O efflux increased with the increasing N input. Only the treatments with water and medium(WN10) or high N addition(WN20) significantly increased the cumulative N2O emissions(P<0.01) in both experimental periods. Under drought condition, the variations in soil N2O effluxes were positively correlated with the soil NH4-N concentrations in the three N input treatments(WN5, WN10, and WN20). Besides, the soil moisture and temperature also greatly influenced the N2O pulse emissions, particularly the N2O pulse under the relatively rainy soil condition or in the treatments without N addition(ZN and ZWN). The responses of the plant metabolism to the varying precipitation distribution and the length of drought period prior to rainfall could greatly affect the soil N dynamics and N2O emission pulses in semiarid grasslands. | XinChao LIU YuChun QI YunShe DONG Qin PENG YaTing HE LiangJie SUN JunQiang JIA CongCong CAO | 2014 | Journal of Arid Land2014，6，4： | 3 |
| 8 | Therapeutic effects of low-frequency phonophoresis with a Chinese herbal medicine versus sodium diclofenac for treatment of knee osteoarthritis: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial显示文摘OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of low-frequency phonophoresis with a Chinese herbal medicine(CHM) compared with sodium diclofenac(SD) for knee osteoarthritis(KOA).METHODS: In this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 100 KOA patients were assigned randomly to a placebo group, a CHM group,or SD group. Low-frequency phonophoresis was used to improve the efficiency of drug delivery.Pain at rest [using a visual analog scale(VAS)], pain on movement(VAS), and range of motion(degrees) in the three groups were evaluated using the Western Ontario and Mc Master Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMACAI) scores. Safety assessments comprised emergency adverse events, aswell as laboratory tests of blood biochemistry, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase.RESULTS: Significant improvements were found after treatment in all outcome measures except stiffness and range of motion in patients in the CHMP group and SDP group(P < 0.05). No significant differences in all outcome measures were found between the CHMP group and SDP group.CONCLUSION: CHMP and SDP can show good therapeutic effects for KOA in terms of relieving pain and improving physical function. | Zhao Jun Wang Qingfu Wu Ji Shi Xinchao Qi Qingxue Zheng Haoyun Lang Song Yang Lili Zhang Dong | 2016 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2016，36，5： | 3 |
| 9 | Effect of Chaihu Shugan decoction on gastric smooth muscle cell apoptosis in rats with functional dyspepsia显示文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of Chaihu Shugan decoction(CSD)on gastric smooth muscle cells(GSMCs)apoptosis in rats with functional dyspepsia(FD).Methods:48Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly assigned into six groups:a normal control group,a model group,apositive control(domperidone)group and low-,middle-and high-dose CSD groups.A rat model of FD was established by constantly squeezing their tails.The rats were administered CSD(0.16g/mL,0.32g/mL,0.64g/mL)or domperidone(0.3 g/L)via intragastric gavage for four weeks.The gastric emptying rate was detected at 4 weeks post-administration.Apoptosis of GSMCs was determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL)staining and the mitochondrial morphology was observed by transmission electron microscopy.The expression of Bcl-2and Bax was measured by immunohistochemistry.Results:FD resulted in marked reduction of gastric emptying rate,severe gastric tissue damage and mitochondria injury,but were reversed by CSD treatment(P<0.05).The apoptosis-induced protein Bax was markedly down-regulated by CSD,whereas the expression of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein was notably increased(P<0.05).Furthermore,CSD could protect the FD rats against GSMCs apoptosis manifested by a decreased in TUNEL-positive cells(P<0.05).Conclusion:CSD could alleviate GSMCs apoptosis in FD rats,possibly by the modulation of Bcl-2 and Bax expression,and the suppression of mitochondria injury. | Xinchao Shangguan Jianghong Ling Jing Deng Lijun Zeng Yuqin Zhang Tianyi Xie Yujiao Wang | 2017 | 广西医科大学学报2017，34，4： | 3 |
| 10 | Coupled Tamm plasmon polaritons induced narrow bandpass filter with ultra-wide stopband显示文摘Narrow bandpass filters(NBPFs)play important roles in optics,such as quantum communication,spectrometer,and wavelength division multiplexing.However,the stopband and restraint ability of traditional NBPFs is limited.In this article,a coupled Tamm plasmon polaritons(TPPs)induced transmission theory has been proposed to design high-efficiency NBPFs with ultra-wide deep stopbands.An NBPF at 1.55 μm has been experimentally demonstrated with full width at half maximum(FWHM)of 10 nm and stopband ranging from 0.2 to 25 μm which is 62 times wider than that of traditional ones.Furthermore,the restraint depth of the stopband reaches 0.03%,which is only 1/20 of a traditional filter with the same FWHM.Its advantage in restraining ambient light over traditional ones has also been demonstrated with an InGaAs infrared detector.It provides a very powerful way to capture specific narrowband optical signals from ultra-wide strong ambient light,especially useful for daytime quantum communications. | Qingquan Liu Xinchao Zhao Chenlu Li Xinglei Zhou Yu Chen Shaowei Wang Wei Lu | 2022 | Nano Research2022，15，5： | 2 |
| 11 | A Perturbed Particle Swarm Algorithm for Numerical Optimization显示文摘 | Zhao Xinchao | 2010 | Applied Soft Computing2010，10，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Degradation and Decolorization of Reactive Red X-3B Aqueous Solution by Ozone Integrated with Internal Micro-Electrolysis显示文摘 | Ruan Xinchao Liu Mingyue Zeng Qingfu | 2010 | Sep Purif Technol2010，74，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Fast chemical fingerprinting analysis for biodiesel/diesel blends using com- mercial solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridge and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) 显示文摘 | Ruan Xinchao Yang Zeyu Xie Hongqin | 2013 | Analytical Methods2013，5，5： | 1 |
| 14 | A novel approach to grafting polymerization of 3-caprolactone onto starch granules显示文摘 | Chen Li Ni Yushan Bian Xinchao | 2005 | Carbohydr Polym2005，，60： | 1 |
| 15 | Simulated annealing algorithm with adaptive neighborhood显示文摘 | XINCHAO Z | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 16 | A close-ring pair terahertz metamaterial resonating at normal incidence显示文摘 | Gu Jianqiang Han Jiaguang Lu Xinchao | | 0，，22： | 1 |
| 17 | Research on using EGR and ignition advance angle to control load of a spark-ignition engine fueled with methanol显示文摘 | XIE Fangxi LI Xiaoping WANG Xinchao | 2013 | Applied Thermal Engineering2013，50，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Synthesis, Characterization and Application of Methyl 3,5-Disulfo-benzoate Dipotassium Dihydrate as Nucleating Agent for Poly(L-lactide)显示文摘 | SUN Zhiqiang ZHANG Han PANG Xuan BIAN Xinchao CHEN Wenqi CHEN Xuesi | 2014 | Chemical Research in Chinese Universities2014，30，2： | 1 |
| 19 | A novel approach to grafting polymerization of ε-caprolactone onto starch granules显示文摘 | Chen Li Ni Yushan Bian Xinchao | 2005 | Carbohydrate Polymers2005，60，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Magnetic and magnetothermal tunabilities of subwavelength-hole arrays in a semiconductor sheet显示文摘 | Han Jiaguang Zhen Tian Lu Xinchao | 2009 | Opt Lett2009，34，9： | 1 |
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