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| 1 | Towards 6G wireless communication networks:vision,enabling technologies,and new paradigm shifts显示文摘The fifth generation(5G)wireless communication networks are being deployed worldwide from 2020 and more capabilities are in the process of being standardized,such as mass connectivity,ultra-reliability,and guaranteed low latency.However,5G will not meet all requirements of the future in 2030 and beyond,and sixth generation(6G)wireless communication networks are expected to provide global coverage,enhanced spectral/energy/cost efficiency,better intelligence level and security,etc.To meet these requirements,6G networks will rely on new enabling technologies,i.e.,air interface and transmission technologies and novel network architecture,such as waveform design,multiple access,channel coding schemes,multi-antenna technologies,network slicing,cell-free architecture,and cloud/fog/edge computing.Our vision on 6G is that it will have four new paradigm shifts.First,to satisfy the requirement of global coverage,6G will not be limited to terrestrial communication networks,which will need to be complemented with non-terrestrial networks such as satellite and unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)communication networks,thus achieving a space-airground-sea integrated communication network.Second,all spectra will be fully explored to further increase data rates and connection density,including the sub-6GHz,millimeter wave(mmWave),terahertz(THz),and optical frequency bands.Third,facing the big datasets generated by the use of extremely heterogeneous networks,diverse communication scenarios,large numbers of antennas,wide bandwidths,and new service requirements,6G networks will enable a new range of smart applications with the aid of artificial intelligence(AI)and big data technologies.Fourth,network security will have to be strengthened when developing 6G networks.This article provides a comprehensive survey of recent advances and future trends in these four aspects.Clearly,6G with additional technical requirements beyond those of 5G will enable faster and further communications to the extent that the boundary between physical and cyber worlds disappears. | Xiaohu YOU Cheng-Xiang WANG Jie HUANG Xiqi GAO Zaichen ZHANG Mao WANG Yongming HUANG Chuan ZHANG Yanxiang JIANG Jiaheng WANG Min ZHU Bin SHENG Dongming WANG Zhiwen PAN Pengcheng ZHU Yang YANG Zening LIU Ping ZHANG Xiaofeng TAO Shaoqian LI Zhi CHEN Xinying MA Chih-Lin I Shuangfeng HAN Ke LI Chengkang PAN Zhimin ZHENG Lajos HANZO Xuemin(Sherman)SHEN Yingjie Jay GUO Zhiguo DING Harald HAAS Wen TONG Peiying ZHU Ganghua YANG Jun WANG Erik GLARSSON Hien Quoc NGO Wei HONG Haiming WANG Debin HOU Jixin CHEN Zhe CHEN Zhangcheng HAO Geoffrey Ye LI Rahim TAFAZOLLI Yue GAO HVincent POOR Gerhard P.FETTWEIS Ying-Chang LIANG | 2021 | Science China(Information Sciences)2021，64，1： | 122 |
| 2 | An overview of transmission theory and techniques of large-scale antenna systems for 5G wireless communications显示文摘To meet the future demand for huge traffic volume of wireless data service, the research on the fifth generation(5G) mobile communication systems has been undertaken in recent years. It is expected that the spectral and energy efficiencies in 5G mobile communication systems should be ten-fold higher than the ones in the fourth generation(4G) mobile communication systems. Therefore, it is important to further exploit the potential of spatial multiplexing of multiple antennas. In the last twenty years, multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) antenna techniques have been considered as the key techniques to increase the capacity of wireless communication systems. When a large-scale antenna array(which is also called massive MIMO) is equipped in a base-station, or a large number of distributed antennas(which is also called large-scale distributed MIMO)are deployed, the spectral and energy efficiencies can be further improved by using spatial domain multiple access. This paper provides an overview of massive MIMO and large-scale distributed MIMO systems, including spectral efficiency analysis, channel state information(CSI) acquisition, wireless transmission technology, and resource allocation. | Dongming WANG Yu ZHANG Hao WEI Xiaohu YOU Xiqi GAO Jiangzhou WANG | 2016 | Science China(Information Sciences)2016，59，8： | 21 |
| 3 | mm Wave communications for 5G: implementation challenges and advances显示文摘The requirement of the fifth generation(5 G) wireless communication for high throughput motivates the wireless industry to use the mm Wave(millimeter wave) communications for its wide bandwidth advantage. To compensate the heavy path loss and increase the communications capacity, phased array beamforming and massive multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) techniques are employed at both the user equipment(UE) and base stations(BS). Considering the commercial requirements, 5 G mm Wave large array systems should be implemented in an energy-and cost-efficient way with a small form factor. To address above issues and realize a reliable communications link, taking into account the particular characteristics of5 G mm Wave systems, this paper firstly examines the design challenges and trade-offs in system implementations, then some of the design strategies are summarized. At last, recent advance in RF front-end circuits and receiver sub-systems is then highlighted. | Lianming LI Dongming WANG Xiaokang NIU Yuan CHAI Linhui CHEN Long HE Xu WU Fuchun ZHENG Tiejun CUI Xiaohu YOU | 2018 | Science China(Information Sciences)2018，61，2： | 19 |
| 4 | Recent advances and future challenges for massive MIMO channel measurements and models显示文摘The emerging fifth generation(5G) wireless communication system raises new requirements on spectral efficiency and energy efficiency. A massive multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) system, equipped with tens or even hundreds of antennas, is capable of providing significant improvements to spectral efficiency,energy efficiency, and robustness of the system. For the design, performance evaluation, and optimization of massive MIMO wireless communication systems, realistic channel models are indispensable. This article provides an overview of the latest developments in massive MIMO channel measurements and models. Also, we compare channel characteristics of four latest massive MIMO channel models, such as receiver spatial correlation functions and channel capacities. In addition, future challenges and research directions for massive MIMO channel measurements and modeling are identified. | Cheng-Xiang WANG Shangbin WU Lu BAI Xiaohu YOU Jing WANG Chih-Lin I | 2016 | Science China(Information Sciences)2016，59，2： | 16 |
| 5 | High-sum-rate beamformers for multi-pair two-way relay networks with amplify-and-forward relaying strategy显示文摘In multi-pair two-way relay networks,the control over inter-pair-interference is a challenging problem.When mobile stations(MSs)cooperate fully,to achieve the sum capacity of networks and at the same time completely remove the inter-pair-interference,a singular value decomposition(SVD)based beamforming scheme at relay station(RS)is established where SVD beamformers are applied over both uplink and downlink channels,respectively.To avoid any cooperation among users,an efcient beamforming scheme is proposed.This scheme uses the Max-SINR based receive beamformer at RS in uplink channel and the Max-SLNR based transmit precoder at RS in downlink channel.It omits interference(uplink)and leakage(donwlink)inside each pair of users due to their abilities of self-interference cancellation.This beamforming scheme provides an analytical solution like some well-known linear beamformers such as zero-forcing,block diagonalization,etc.From simulation,we find:the proposed SVD shows an excellent sum-rate performance at the expense of a large cooperation overhead at MSs and can be used as a tighter upper bound of sum-rate;the proposed scheme of Max-SINR beamformer plus Max-SLNR precoder performs much better on sum-rate than the ZF-based and the BD-based schemes by using almost the same computational amount. | SHU Feng LU YaZhe CHEN Yu YOU XiaoHu WANG JianXin WANG Mao SHENG WeiXing CHEN Qian | 2014 | Science China(Information Sciences)2014，57，2： | 15 |
| 6 | Radio Propagation and Wireless Coverage of LSAA-Based 5G Millimeter-Wave Mobile Communication Systems显示文摘Millimeter-wave(mm Wave) communications will be used in fifth-generation(5G) mobile communication systems, but they experience severe path loss and have high sensitivity to physical objects, leading to smaller cell radii and complicated network architectures. A coverage extension scheme using large-scale antenna arrays(LSAAs) has been suggested and theoretically proven to be cost-efficient in combination with ultradense small cell networks. To analyze and optimize the LSAA-based network deployments, a comprehensive survey of recent advances in statistical mmWave channel modeling is first presented in terms of channel parameter estimation, large-scale path loss models, and small-scale cluster models. Next, the measurement and modeling results at two 5G candidate mmWave bands(e.g., 28 GHz and 39 GHz) are reviewed and compared in several outdoor scenarios of interest, where the propagation characteristics make crucial contributions to wireless network designs. Finally, the coverage behaviors of systems employing a large number of antenna arrays are discussed, as well as some implications on future mmWave cellular network designs. | Haiming Wang Peize Zhang Jing Li Xiaohu You | 2019 | China Communications2019，16，5： | 12 |
| 7 | An efficient sparse channel estimator combining time-domain LS and iterative shrinkage for OFDM systems with IQ-imbalances显示文摘A time-domain(TD) least square(LS) channel estimator is first proposed to estimate channel parameters of OFDM system with IQ imbalances at both transmitter and receiver.Then,an iterative shrinkage(IS) algorithm from compressed sensing is adopted to further improve the estimation performance by using the TD-LS solution as the initial value of IS in the case of sparse channel.Simulation shows that our algorithm combining TD-LS and IS performs better on bit error rate than the frequency-domain LS and matching pursuit in sparse Hilly Terrain channel when the same LS equalizer is adopted. | SHU Feng ZHAO JunHui YOU XiaoHu WANG Mao CHEN Qian STEVAN Berber | 2012 | Science China(Information Sciences)2012，55，11： | 10 |
| 8 | AI for 5G: research directions and paradigms显示文摘Wireless communication technologies such as fifth generation mobile networks(5 G) will not only provide an increase of 1000 times in Internet traffic in the next decade but will also offer the underlying technologies to entire industries to support Internet of things(IOT) technologies. Compared to existing mobile communication techniques, 5 G has more varied applications and its corresponding system design is more complicated. The resurgence of artificial intelligence(AI) techniques offers an alternative option that is possibly superior to traditional ideas and performance. Typical and potential research directions related to the promising contributions that can be achieved through AI must be identified, evaluated, and investigated.To this end, this study provides an overview that first combs through several promising research directions in AI for 5 G technologies based on an understanding of the key technologies in 5 G. In addition, the study focuses on providing design paradigms including 5 G network optimization, optimal resource allocation, 5 G physical layer unified acceleration, end-to-end physical layer joint optimization, and so on. | Xiaohu YOU Chuan ZHANG Xiaosi TAN Shi JIN Hequan WU | 2019 | Science China(Information Sciences)2019，62，2： | 10 |
| 9 | Research on user pairing algorithm for LTE femtocell uplink显示文摘In this article,a new simulated annealing based bit error rate pairing scheduling(SA-BPS)algorithm for LTE femtocell uplink virtual multiple input multiple output(V-MIMO)systems is proposed,which uses Round Robin(RR)criterion to decide the first user,and simulated annealing(SA)algorithm with objective function of bit error rate(BER)is suggested to decide the pairing users.The SA-BPS is considered not only to be used for inner layer user pairing within femtocell user equipments(HUEs)to increase spectrum efficiency,but also to be used for cross layer user pairing between HUEs and macrocell user equipments(MUEs)to cancel the cross layer interference from MUEs to HUEs.As a growth control coefficient is used in SA-BPS to control the growth of average BER of users in the pairing group,rapid user BER deterioration can be prevented by adopting a proper coefficient.Simulation results show that,the SA-BPS outperforms RPS,DPS,and the conventional SA algorithm in terms of BER performance,whether used for inner layer user pairing or cross layer user pairing.Also,the mode switching signal to interference ratio(SIR)threshold between inner and cross layer user pairing are obtained by simulation in three cross layer interference power distribution scenarios. | WANG Jie XU Chen YOU XiaoHu | 2014 | Science China(Information Sciences)2014，57，8： | 7 |
| 10 | A unified algorithm for mobility load balancing in 3GPP LTE multi-cell networks显示文摘3GPP long term evolution (LTE) is a promising candidate for the next-generation wireless network, which is expected to achieve high spectrum efficiency by using advanced physical layer techniques and flat network structures. However, the LTE network still faces the problem of load imbalance as in GSM/WCDMA networks, and this may cause significant deterioration of system performance. To deal with this problem, mobility load balancing (MLB) has been proposed as an important use case in 3GPP self-organizing network (SON), in which the serving cell of a user can be selected to achieve load balancing rather than act as the cell with the maximum received power. Furthermore, the LTE network aims to serve users with different quality-of-service (QoS) requirements, and the network-wide objective function for load balancing is distinct for different kinds of users. Thus, in this paper, a unified algorithm is proposed for MLB in the LTE network. The load balancing problem is first formulated as an optimization problem with the optimizing variables being cell-user connections. Then the complexity and overhead of the optimal solution is analyzed and a practical and distributed algorithm is given. After that, the proposed algorithm is evaluated for users with different kinds of QoS requirements, i.e., guaranteed bit rate (GBR) users with the objective function of load balance index and non-GBR (nGBR) users with the objective function of total utility, respectively. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm leads to significantly balanced load distribution for GBR users to decrease the new call blocking rate, and for nGBR users to improve the cell-edge throughput at the cost of only slight deterioration of total throughput. | WANG Hao LIU Nan LI ZhiHang WU Ping PAN ZhiWen YOU XiaoHu | 2013 | Science China(Information Sciences)2013，56，2： | 7 |
| 11 | Analysis of a reduced-ML algorithm in BLAST显示文摘The performance of ML algorithm is much better than other algorithms in the MIMO wireless communication system. However, it is based on the expense of an increase in the complexity. A reduced maximum likelihood (RML) algorithm is proposed in this paper, which derives from the combination of the ML and ZF algorithms. It is shown that the complexity of RML is far lower than that of ML, while in the same performance condition by both theoretic analyses and simulation. | PAN Wen JIANG ZhanJun DU ZhengFeng WANG Yan YOU XiaoHu | 2008 | Science in China(Series F)2008，51，12： | 6 |
| 12 | QoS and channel state aware load balancing in 3GPP LTE multi-cell networks显示文摘In this paper,we investigate the load balancing problem with the consideration of different qualityof-service(QoS) and channel state in 3GPP long term evolution(LTE) multi-cell networks.Load imbalance among nearby cells often causes inefficient utilization of the system resources.Then in overloaded cells,users cannot get satisfied services for short resources,while in idle cells,there is plenty of unoccupied resources.However,switching users only for load balancing with no consideration of channel state often results in aggressive handover of users,which may occupy too many resources in their target cells and deteriorate the network efficiency.Thus,how to efficiently perform load balancing with the consideration of channel state becomes an important issue.Meanwhile,LTE network aims to serve users with different QoS requirements,which should be taken into account when performing load balancing.Thus we propose a multi-objective optimization problem,whose objectives are load balancing index and network average load for users with QoS requirements and a unified utility function for users without QoS requirements.The constraints are physical resource limits and users' QoS demands.Then we analyze its complexity and propose a practical algorithm,load balancing,with the consideration of different QoS requirements and channel state services(LBQC).Extensive simulations are conducted.The results show that the proposed algorithm can approximate the optimal algorithm efficiently,and leads to significantly better performances than load balancing with no consideration of channel state,e.g.a lower new call blocking rate with a fewer system resources occupation for users with QoS requirements,a higher cell edge throughput and total throughput for users without QoS requirements. | LI ZhiHang WANG Hao PAN ZhiWen LIU Nan YOU XiaoHu | 2013 | Science China(Information Sciences)2013，56，4： | 6 |
| 13 | Low-complexity optimal spatial channel pairing for AF-based multi-pair two-way relay networks显示文摘This paper considers a multi-pair two-way relay system with multi-antenna users and proposes a low-complexity optimal spatial channel pairing(SCP) strategy at the relay station(RS) for such a system. The proposed SCP scheme, following the BD-like beamformer at RS, pairs the uplink spatial subchannels of each user pair with the corresponding downlink spatial subchannels by maximizing sum-rate(Max-SR). Furthermore, a new mathematical inequality(arrangement inequalities of a product) is developed and applied to obtain sufficient and necessary conditions for achieving Max-SR-SCP. This also yields a simple low-complexity implementation of the proposed SCP in contrast to the NP-hard complexity of the original Max-SR-SCP problem. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed Max-SR-SCP achieves substantial sum-rate gains over other pairing schemes. | SHU Feng CHEN Yu YOU XiaoHu LU JinHui | 2014 | Science China(Information Sciences)2014，57，10： | 6 |
| 14 | A survey of next generation mobile communications researchin China显示文摘With the rapid development of wireless communication networks, the fourth generation (4G) has emerged to move beyond the limitations of the third generation (3G), with increased bandwidth, enhanced quality of services, and reduced costs of resources. In this paper, we discuss the key technologies of 4G and focus on surveying the ongoing research in 4G communications in China. The 4G technologies under investigation include multicarrier transmission, multiple antenna techniques, carrier aggregation, relays, cognitive radio, distributed antenna systems, network convergence, and network self-optimization. These technologies are the building blocks of 4G and contribute largely to the requirements of International Mobile Telecommunications Advanced (IMT-Advanced). For each technology, its benefits, research topics, and some existing approaches are examined. Finally, we briefly discuss the challenges and future research issues in 4G systems. | TIAN JinFeng 1,2 , ZHENG XiaoYing 2,3 , HU HongLin 1,2 YOU XiaoHu 1,3 1 Shanghai Research Center for Wireless Communications (WiCO), Shanghai 200335, China 2 Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology (SIMIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 200050, China 3 National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University (SEU), Nanjing 210096, China | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，27： | 6 |
| 15 | Lifetime maximization routing with network coding in wireless multihop networks显示文摘In this paper, we consider the lifetime maximization routing with network coding in wireless mul- tihop networks. We first show that lifetime maximization with network coding is different from pure routing, throughput maximization with network coding and energy minimization with network coding. Then we formulate lifetime maximization problems in three different cases of (i) no network coding, (ii) two-way network coding, and (iii) overhearing network coding. To solve these problems, we use flow augmenting routing (FA) for the first case, and then extend the FA with network coding (FANC) by using energy minimized one-hop network coding. After that, we investigate the influence of parameters of FANC, evaluate the performance of FANC with two-way and overhearing network coding schemes and compare it with that without network coding under two different power control models, namely, protocol and physical ones. The results show that the lifetime can be improved significantly by using network coding, and the performance gain of network coding decreases with the increase of flow asymmetry and the power control ability. | DING LiangHui WU Ping WANG Hao PAN ZhiWen YOU XiaoHu | 2013 | Science China(Information Sciences)2013，56，2： | 6 |
| 16 | Impact of RF mismatches on the performance of massive MIMO systems with ZF precoding显示文摘Thanks to the channel reciprocity, the time division duplex(TDD) operation is more preferred in massive multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) systems. Avoiding the heavy feedback of downlink channel state information(CSI) from the user equipment(UE) to the base station(BS), the uplink CSI can be exploited for the downlink precoding. However, due to the mismatches of the radio frequency(RF) circuits at both sides of the link, the whole communication channels are usually not symmetric in practical systems. This paper is focused on the RF mismatches at the UEs and the BS for the multi-user massive MIMO systems with zero forcing(ZF) precoding. The closed-form expressions of the ergodic sum-rates are derived for evaluating the impact of RF mismatches on the system performance. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the RF mismatches at the UEs only lead to a negligible performance loss. However, it is imperative to perform reciprocity calibration at the BS, because the RF mismatches at the BS contribute to the inter-user interference(IUI) and result in a severe system performance degradation. | Hao WEI Dongming WANG Jiangzhou WANG Xiaohu YOU | 2016 | Science China(Information Sciences)2016，59，2： | 5 |
| 17 | Dual-turbo receiver architecture for turbo coded MIMO-OFDM systems显示文摘This paper presents a novel architecture of iterative receivers with two layers of iterations for turbo coded multiple-input and multiple-output orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing(MIMO-OFDM)systems,where soft messages are passed not only between the MIMO detector and the turbo decoder,but also between the two component decoders within the turbo decoder.We first derive the factor graph representation of a turbo coded system as a basic building block for developing the iterative receivers.Then,a new soft message passing schedule over the factor graph is proposed,resulting in the proposed dual-turbo receiver architecture(DTRA).In DTRA,the MIMO detector and the turbo decoder work concurrently,and the soft messages for both layers of iterations are updated instantaneously,instead of the block-based exchange of soft messages in the conventional iterative receivers.In so doing,the processing latency can be greatly reduced while low computational complexity can be achieved. | WANG WenJin GAO XiQi WU XiaoFu YOU XiaoHu ZHAO ChunMing WONG Kai-Kit | 2012 | Science China(Information Sciences)2012，55，2： | 5 |
| 18 | Hybrid interference alignment and power allocation for multi-user interference MIMO channels显示文摘This paper proposes a hybrid interference alignment scheme which combines maximizing signal-toleakage-noise ratio(Max-SLNR) at transmitter and maximizing signal-to-interference-noise ratio(Max-SINR) at receiver.The proposed scheme gives the same sum rate as the existing method using Max-SINR at both transmitter and receiver by avoiding the operation of reversing channel,thus it provides a simpler solution.Furthermore,two power allocation procedures are devised based on game theory and water filling.The gain of these schemes over equal power allocation increases to 2 bit/s/Hz in correlated fading channels as large-scale fading becomes significant.Additionally,user fairness is solved by introducing weighting factors. | SHU Feng YOU XiaoHu WANG Mao HAN YuBing LI Yang SHENG WeiXing | 2013 | Science China(Information Sciences)2013，56，4： | 5 |
| 19 | Blockchain-enabled wireless communications:a new paradigm towards 6G显示文摘With the deployment of fifth-generation(5 G)wireless networks worldwide,research on sixth-generation(6 G)wireless communications has commenced.It is expected that 6 G networks can accommodate numerous heterogeneous devices and infrastructures with enhanced efficiency and security over diverse,e.g.spectrum,computing and storage,resources.However,this goal is impeded by a number of trust-related issues that are often neglected in network designs.Blockchain,as an innovative and revolutionary technology that has arisen in the recent decade,provides a promising solution.Building on its nature of decentralization,transparency,anonymity,immutability,traceability and resiliency,blockchain can establish cooperative trust among separate network entities and facilitate,e.g.efficient resource sharing,trusted data interaction,secure access control,privacy protection,and tracing,certification and supervision functionalities for wireless networks,thus presenting a new paradigm towards 6 G.This paper is dedicated to blockchain-enabled wireless communication technologies.We first provide a brief introduction to the fundamentals of blockchain,and then we conduct a comprehensive investigation of the most recent efforts in incorporating blockchain into wireless communications from several aspects.Importantly,we further propose a unified framework of the blockchain radio access network(B-RAN)as a trustworthy and secure paradigm for 6 G networking by utilizing blockchain technologies with enhanced efficiency and security.The critical elements of B-RAN,such as consensus mechanisms,smart contract,trustworthy access,mathematical modeling,cross-network sharing,data tracking and auditing and intelligent networking,are elaborated.We also provide the prototype design of B-RAN along with the latest experimental results. | Jiaheng Wang Xintong Ling Yuwei Le Yongming Huang Xiaohu You | 2021 | National Science Review2021，8，9： | 4 |
| 20 | Unifying eigen-mode MIMO transmission显示文摘Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technique plays a key role in improving the spectrum and power efficiency in future mobile communication systems. Exploiting a unified MIMO transmission scheme that can adapt with various channel conditions is well motivated both in theory and practical applications. An eigen-mode based closed-loop MIMO transmission over frequency selective fading MIMO channels, which considers receive correlation, transmit correlation and line of sight (LOS) components, is investigated by maximizing the upper bound of channel capacity under the assumption that the channel is partially known at the transmitter and perfectly known at the receiver. Based on the eigen-mode transmission, several key techniques including linear precoding, stream selection, virtual spatial hopping and online capacity estimation are proposed, and a unified MIMO transmission scheme is established. Both computer simulation and field test results show that the proposed scheme can significantly improve the spectral efficiency and link reliability under various channel conditions. | GAO XiQi YOU XiaoHu JIANG Bin WANG WenJin JIN Shi | 2009 | Science in China(Series F)2009，52，12： | 4 |
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