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| 1 | A complete sequence and comparative analysis of a SARS-associated virus(Isolate BJ01)显示文摘The genome sequence of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)-associated virus provides essential information for the identification of pathogen(s), exploration of etiology and evolution, interpretation of transmission and pathogenesis, development of diagnostics, prevention by future vaccination, and treatment by developing new drugs. We report the complete genome sequence and comparative analysis of an isolate (BJ01) of the coronavirus that has been recognized as a pathogen for SARS. The genome is 29725 nt in size and has 11 ORFs (Open Reading Frames). It is composed of a stable region encoding an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (composed of 2 ORFs) and a variable region representing 4 CDSs (coding sequences) for viral structural genes (the S, E, M, N proteins) and 5 PUPs (putative uncharacterized proteins). Its gene order is identical to that of other known coronaviruses. The sequence alignment with all known RNA viruses places this virus as a member in the family of Coronaviridae. Thirty putative substitutions have been identified by comparative analysis of the 5 SARS- associated virus genome sequences in GenBank. Fifteen of them lead to possible amino acid changes (non-synonymous mutations) in the proteins. Three amino acid changes, with predicted alteration of physical and chemical features, have been detected in the S protein that is postulated to beinvolved in the immunoreactions between the virus and its host. Two amino acid changes have been detected in the Mprotein, which could be related to viral envelope formation. Phylogenetic analysis suggests the possibility of non-human origin of the SARS-associated viruses but provides noevidence that they are man-made. Further efforts should focus on identifying the etiology of the SARS-associated virus and ruling out conclusively the existence of otherpossible SARS-related pathogen(s). | QIN E'de ZHU Qingyu YU Man FAN Baochang CHANG Guohui SI Bingyin YANG Bao PENG Wenming JIANG Tao LIU Bohua DENG Yongqiang LIU Hong ZHANG Yu WANG Cui LI Yuquan GAN Yonghua LI Xiaoyu L Fushuang TAN Gang CAO Wuchun, YANG Ruifu Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Chinese Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China WANG Jian, LI Wei, XU Zuyuan, LI Yan, WU Qingfa, LIN Wei, CHEN Weijun, TANG Lin, DENG Yajun, HAN Yujun, LI Changfeng, LEI Meng, LI Guoqing, LI Wenjie, L Hong, SHI Jianping, TONG Zongzhong, ZHANG Feng, LI Songgang, LIU Bin, LIU Siqi, DONG Wei, WANG Jun, Gane K-S Wong, YU Jun & YANG Huanming* Beijing Genomics Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101300 National Center for Genome Information, Beijing 101300, China | 2003 | Chinese Science Bulletin2003，48，10： | 121 |
| 2 | Change of Cultivated Land and Its Implications on Food Security in China显示文摘The population growth and demand for high living standard not only increase food demand but also cause more loss of the limited cultivated land resources.Cultivated land loss caused by disasters and the implementation of the “Conversion of Cropland to Forest or Grassland” project make this situation even worse in China.Thus,there is a problem to be solved imminently that to what extent the cultivated land can guarantee food security of China.Based on time-series data on food production and cultivated land area from 1989 to 2003 and other research results,this paper constructs quality index of cultivated land according to different land quality.Regression models are adopted to predicate changes of main factors from 2004 to 2030,which have great effect on cultivated land area or grain productivity,and verify accuracy with coefficient of determination(R2).Nine results were got according to three scenarios of decreasing rate of population growth rate and three cases of urban and rural built-up area per capita.There results show that China’s food supply can only be maintained at a low to middle level of 370-410kg per capita,that is,China has enough land productivity to meet primary demand of food independently.However,it cannot reach the safe target of 500kg per capita if there is no breakthrough in breeding or no remarkable improvement of irrigation works,when the grain self-sufficiency maintains no less than 80%.To breed productive crops and to improve land productivity by meliorating low quality cultivated land are appropriate measures to shrink the gap between food demand and supply.The results may offer helpful information for the formulation of policies on population growth,land use,protection of cultivated land. | YU Bohua LU Changhe | 2006 | Chinese Geographical Science2006，16，4： | 19 |
| 3 | Production potential and yield gaps of summer maize in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region显示文摘庄稼潜力生产率是科学地估价庄稼生产的一个关键索引并且打支持人口的能力。这研究第一与 40 年的气象学的数据用 WOFOST 模型在 Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH ) 区域模仿了潜力和夏天玉米的 waterlimited 产量,然后在县水平基于统计数据分析了在实际、潜在的收益之间的收益差距。潜力和在 BTH 区域的夏天玉米的水有限产量是 68548789 kg/hm2 和 64348741 kg/hm2,并且为整个区域的加权的一般水准分别地是 7861 kg/hm2 和 7185 kg/hm2。模仿的收益逐渐地特别地处于气候的条件与变化从东北减少到西南温度和降水。潜在的产量的年度变化比东北部分在中央、南部的部分是更高的。把产量比作潜力,水有限收益有变化(CV ) 的更高的系数,因为降水效果。夏天玉米的实际收益是 25378730 kg/hm2,地区性在 5582 点平均 kg/hm2,大约 70% 潜力让步,暗示这个区域有空间由改进庄稼管理和灌溉系统增加收益。 | WANG Tao LU Changhe YU Bohua | 2011 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2011，21，4： | 13 |
| 4 | Impacts of Sloping Land Conversion Program on the vegetation in loess hilly and gully area of northern Shaanxi显示文摘Aiming at alleviating the serious soil erosion, the Chinese government initiated the Sloping Land Conversion Program (SLCP) in 1999. Now, after 8 years of project implementation, the ecological recovery effects of the SLCP have become the hot issue of academic circle. This paper, taking the loess hill and gully area of northern Shaanxi as an example, presents a methodology for assessing the vegetation restoration effect of SLCP with normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The key components include calculation of the Growing Season NDVI (GSNDVI), and estimation of the NVDI change induced by climate and SLCP, respectively. Based on the method, the NDVI change between 2000 and 2006 was obtained using the GSNDVI that excluded the noise from snow and ice. After the part of total NDVI change caused by climate variation was estimated using empiric formulae, we obtained the part induced by human factors, i.e. the SLCP. The human induced part of NDVI change was considered as an approximation indicating the effect of the SLCP on the vegetation. Finally, we analyzed the NDVI change characters of the whole study area, different slope lands and different land use types by spatial statistics method. Results show that the vegetation condition is significantly improved by the SLCP, particularly land types that directly involved in the SLCP, such as steeply slope farmlands, degraded grasslands, etc. | Ma Junfei Lu Changhe Yu Bohua | 2009 | Ecological Economy2009，5，2： | 3 |
| 5 | The SLCP-driven land use changes and farmers' responses in the loess hilly and gully region:a case study for Ansai County显示文摘Taking Ansai County located in loess hilly and gully area as a case,this study analyzes the land use changes driven by the SLCP(Slope Land Conversion Program)and the farmers'responses by household survey and participatory rapid appraisal(PRA).It is found that the SLCP aroused various changes in land use,agricultural production,rural incomes,etc.In the period of 1999-2005,the farmland and grasslands were reduced by 26,809 ha and 17,571 ha respectively,while forestland increased by 38,203 ha;greenhouse vegetable and orchard got a quick development,with the area enlarged by about 7 times and nearly doubled respectively.The SLCP reduced the area of crops particularly those that normally grown on slope lands,e.g.the sowing area of winter wheat dropped from 19.39% of the total cropping area in 1999 to 0.98%in 2005.Draught animals,pigs and sheep have a decline in the number because the remained land and the ban on grazing on natural grasslands can not provide sufficient feed forage.Thanks to the financial subsidy,farmers increased land inputs and thus outputs.To achieve long-term sustain-able development and improve rural income,the government should continuously support farmers to improve the land management,to adopt alternative land use systems,and to increase inputs on soil conservation.Vegetable and fruit production are two promise land use systems,and should be further developed. | Wang Qian Lu Changhe Yu Bohua Ma Junfei | 2009 | Ecological Economy2009，5，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Fertility intention and related factors in China: findings from the 2017 National Fertility Survey显示文摘This paper reports the fertility intension of women based on data from the national fertility survey in 2017 in China(CFS 2017),after implementation of the universal two-child policy,and analyses major related factors.The reported ideal number of children is 1.96 in average,and the intended number of children is 1.76,with obvi-ous differences among different regions.The ideal number of children is highly cor-related with the intended number of children,and intended number of children is related to number of children women already have.Women who have had one child intend to have fewer children than women who have not yet had a child.Women who have not yet had any child intend to have 1.60 children in average.The prefer-ence of boy varies by intended number of children. | Yaer Zhuang Yu Jiang Bohua Li | 2020 | China Population and Development Studies2020，4，4： | 0 |
| 7 | A study of virtual land trade between China and ASEAN based on material flow analysis model显示文摘In this paper,based on the material flux analysis model(MFA) and its corresponding theories and algo-rithms of 'virtual land',virtual land contents of f ive primary agricultural products are calculated and 'virtual land trade' hidden in those imported and exported products are also obtained through analyzing the primary agricultural product trade between China and ASEAN.In the process of calculation,following the thought of changing agricul-tural products to 'virtual land trade',land content,trade condition and spatial distribution of agricultural products were integratedly considered.The results indicate that China exported 73,057 km2 of virtual land area to ASEAN by tea,vegetables,maize and grain,while ASEAN exported 57,332 km2 to China by natural rubber from 2002 to 2005.It is obvious that China has lost 15,725 km2 arable land through agricultural product trade.Additionally,in order to describe the specif ic process of calculation on virtual land trade,Thailand was taken as an example to analyze its international trade of rice and wheat from 1991 to 2005 and calculate their 'virtual land trade' 2001 through 2005.According to the analysis and calculation,it is not diff icult to conclude that 'virtual land trade' is very important and could be used for China to guide agricultural export or import structure and maintain sustainable use of land resources. | Zhao Jinling Liu Chuang Yang Aqiang Yu Bohua | 2008 | Ecological Economy2008，4，4： | 0 |
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