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27篇 您的检索式:作者名="ZHOU HuaiYang"
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1Oceanic environmental changes of subarctic Bering Sea in recent 100 years: Evidence from molecular fossils显示文摘The core sample B2-9 from the seafloor of the subarctic Bering Sea was dated with 210 Pb to obtain a consecutive sequence of oceanic sedimentary environments at an interval of a decade during 1890—1999. A variety of molecular fossils were detected, including n-alkanes, isoprenoids, fatty acids, sterols, etc. By the characteristics of these fine molecules (C27, C28, and C29 sterols) and their molecular indices (Pr/Ph, ∑C+22/∑C?21, CPI and C18∶2/C18∶0) and in con- sideration of the variation of organic carbon content, the 100-year evolution history of subarctic sea paleoenvironment was reestablished. It is indicated that during the past 100 years in the Arctic, there were two events of strong climate warming (1920—1950 and 1980—1999), which resulted in an oxidated sediment environment owing to decreasing terrigenous organic matters and increasing marine-derived organic matters, and two events of transitory climate cooling (1910 and 1970—1980), which resulted in a slightly reduced sediment environment owing to increasing terrigenous organic matters and decreasing marine-derived organic matters. It is re- vealed that the processes of warming/cooling alternated climate are directly related to the Arctic and global climate variations.LU Bing CHEN Ronghua ZHOU Huaiyang WANG Zipan CHEN Jianfang ZHU Chun 2005Science China Earth Sciences2005,48,4:11
2The evidence for the existence of methane seepages in the northern South China Sea:abnormal high methane concentrations in bottom waters显示文摘The methane concentration of water samples at five stations collected by the CTD rosette water sampler in the areas of southwest Dongsha Islands and the Xisha Trough was analyzed by the gas-stripping method on aboard ship. It shows abnormal high methane concentrations in near bottom water samples at three stations. In the southwest Dongsha Islands area, the methane concentration of 4.25 and 10.64 nmol/dm3 occurs in near bottom water samples at Stas E105A and E106, respectively. In the Xisha Trough area, the high methane concentrations of 5.17, 8.48 and 8.70 nmol/dm3 in water depths of 1 750, 1 900 and 2 050 m, respectively, have been observed at Sta. E413. It is believed that the abnormal high methane concentrations are generated from the leakage of methane from sediments. Combining with previous geophysical and geochemical data from these two areas, this was probably related to the submarine gas hydrates decomposition and cold seep system. In May 2007, gas hydrate samples were successfully obtained by the drilling in the Shenhu Sea area located in the southwest Dongsha Islands area. It is called for further drilling surveys to confirm the existence of gas hydrate and cold seep system in the Xisha Trough as early as possible.YIN Xijie ZHOU Huaiyang YANG Qunhui WANG Hu CHEN Jian 2008Acta Oceanologica Sinica2008,27,6:7
3Discovery of low-mature hydrocarbon in manganese nodules and ooze from the Central Pacific deep sea floor显示文摘Extracts from manganese nodules and ooze from the Central Pacific deep sea floor were analyzed using the chromatogram-mass spectrum, and it was found that most of the biomarker molecules are of the low-mature type (some have characteristics of mature): the ratio of 'A'/C is high between 11.4%-19.75%; CPI is 1.22-1.23; C31-22S/ (22S+22R) hopane is 0.59-0.60, Tm/Ts is 0.99-1.99; pa moretane/(αβ+βα) hopane is 0.12-0.14; C29 sterane 20S/(20S+20R) is 0.35-0.41; ββ/(ββ+αα) is 0.38-0.45; arene TA(I)/TA(I+Ⅱ) is 0.16-0.21; methyl-phenanthrene index (MPI1) is 0.35-0.67. According to the geological settings of the sampling area and its organic geochemical characteristics, it is considered that the hydrothermal activities on the ocean floor facilitate the decomposition of organic matter in the sediment, which leads to the generation and migration of hydrocarbon into manganese nodules and ooze. This discovery is important for understanding the mechanisms of hydrocarbon generation in the ocean floor andHU Wenxuan JIN Zhijun YAO Suping LU Xiancai CHEN Zhilin ZHANG Linye ZHANG Xuejun ZHOU Huaiyang 2002Chinese Science Bulletin2002,47,11:7
4New index of ferromanganese crusts reflecting oceanic environmental oxidation显示文摘Ferromanganese crusts (hereinafter crusts) form in aerobic environment and the environmental oxida-tion degree is recorded by the redox sensitive element Co in the crusts. The ages of the layers from the surface to bottom of the crusts are determined, and main element contents at high resolution along the depth sections of three crusts from the Pacific Ocean are analyzed by an electron microprobe. Thus the variations of Co/(Fe+Mn) and Co/(Ni+Cu) with age/depth of the crust layers are obtained. By comparing the ratios of Co/(Fe+Mn) and Co/(Ni+Cu) with the δ 18O curves of the Pacific benthic foraminifera, we find that these two ratios can reflect the variation of the environmental oxidation state under which the crust layers deposit. The evolution of the oxidation degree reflected by the two indexes resembles the evo-lution of temperature since the Oligocene reflected by the δ 18O curves of the Pacific benthic foraminif-era. This suggests that the crust-forming environment after the Oligocene is controlled mainly by the oxygen-rich bottom water originated from the Antarctic bottom water (AABW). However it is not the case prior to the Oligocene. Furthermore it suggests that the environmental oxidation degree controls the formation of the crusts and the Co contents in the crusts. This explains why the Co contents in the crusts increase with time up to now.WU GuangHai ZHOU HuaiYang ZHANG HaiSheng LING HongFei MA WeiLin ZHAO HongQiao CHEN JianLin LIU JieHong 2007Science China Earth Sciences2007,50,3:7
5Biomineralization of phototrophic microbes in silica-enriched hot springs in South China显示文摘Microbial mats in two hot springs in South China were sampled for the research of mineralization of microbes and its mechanism by the methods of geology and modern biology. The results show that hot spring microbes have the key capability for enrichment of Si, Al, Fe, Ca and other elements, and the microbes are also crucial for the formation of SiO2, CaCO3, clay and so on. The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) play important roles in the process of mineralization of hot spring microbes, which mainly takes place in the layer of EPS outside cell wall or sheath of cyanobacteria. The sheath outside cell wall, which keeps the normal metabolism of cyanobacteria during the process of mineralization on its surface, is also considerable for the biomineralization of cyanobacteria. According to structure and mineralization characteristics of two microbial mats, the process of mineralization can be divided into three stages, namely, early surface mineralization, middle degradation mineralization, and late des- quamation of mineral. The above conclusions are significant for comprehension of the process of mineralization, the process of deposition and the preservation of microfossil in modern and ancient extreme environments.PENG XiaoTong ZHOU HuaiYang WU ZhiJun JIANG Lei TANG Song YAO HuiQiang 2007Chinese Science Bulletin2007,52,3:6
6Rates of bacterial sulfate reduction and their response to experimental temperature changes in coastal sediments of Qi'ao Island, Zhujiang River Estuary in China显示文摘Subtropical sediment cores(QA09-1 and QA12-9) from the coastal zone of Qi'ao Island in the Zhujiang River Estuary were used to determine the rates of sulfate reduction and their response to experimental temperature changes. The depth distribution of the sulfate reduction rates was measured from whole-core incubations with radioactive tracer 35SO42-, and peaks of 181.19 nmol/(cm3·d) and 107.49 nmol/(cm3·d) were exhibited at stations QA09-1 and QA12-9, respectively. The profiles of the pore water methane and sulfate concentrations demonstrated that anaerobic oxidation of methane occurred in the study area, which resulted in an increase in the sulfate reduction rate at the base of the sulfate-reducing zone. Meanwhile, the sulfate concentration was not a major limiting factor for controlling the rates of sulfate reduction. In addition, the incubation of the sediment slurries in a block with a temperature gradient showed that the optimum temperature for the sulfate reduction reaction was 36℃. The Arrhenius plot was linear from the lowest temperature to the optimum temperature, and the activation energy was at the lower end of the range of previously reported values. The results suggested that the ambient temperature regime of marine environments probably selected for the microbial population with the best-suited physiology for the respective environment.WU Zijun ZHOU Huaiyang PENG Xiaotong LI Jiangtao CHEN Guangqian 2014Acta Oceanologica Sinica2014,33,8:5
7Microbe-related precipitation of iron and silica in the Edmond deep-sea hydrothermal vent field on the Central Indian Ridge显示文摘Microbial mats, several millimeters thick and brown-yellow to white in color, were collected in hollow inside of chimney structure from Edmond hydrothermal field on the Central Indian Ridge. Microbes with shapes of rod and helical stalk-like filaments were observed in the microbial mats, and are com- monly characterized by their cells completely encrusted by thick mineralized layers, made up of large amounts of amorphous silica and minor amounts of iron oxides. Transmission Electron Microscope observation has demonstrated that the acicular Fe-bearing matter was not only heterogenously dis- tributed on the surface of the cell wall, but also deposited in the inside of cell, suggesting that bio-precipitation of Fe had occurred both on the surface and in the interior of cell. Microbial silicification was also commonly found in the mats. Silica usually precipitated homogeneously on the surface of the microbes and forms micro-laminated layers, which might be controlled by the inorganic process of precipitation in hydrothermal environment. The biomineralization phenomenon in the mi- crobial mats showed that the precipitation of Fe and Si was closely related to microbes in hydrothermal environment. Considering that hydrothermal activities provided required chemical elements for miner- alization, it is suggested that this biomineralization process also might be driven by hydrothermal ac- tivities at the sea floor to some extent.PENG XiaoTong ZHOU HuaiYang YAO HuiQiang LI diangTao TANG Song JIANG Lei WU ZiJun 2007Chinese Science Bulletin2007,52,23:5
8Anaerobic oxidation of methane: Geochemical evidence from pore-water in coastal sediments of Qi’ao Island (Pearl River Estuary), southern China显示文摘The concentrations of CH4 and SO42? in pore-water and the carbon isotope compositions of total dissolved inorganic (ΣCO2) and CH4 were de- termined for three coastal sedimentary cores col- lected from Qi’ao Island (Pearl River Estuary), southern China. Results show that methane concen- tration changes dramatically at the base of the sul- fate-reducing zone and sulfate concentration gradi- ents are linear for all stations. In addition, the carbon isotope of methane becomes heavier at the sul- fate-methane transition (SMT), which causes ΣCO2-δ 13C to become the minimum. The geo- chemical profiles of pore-water render indirect evi- dence for anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM). Based on numerical modeling of AOM and sul- fate-reducing rates, the portion of total sulfate reduc- tion occurring via AOM is 9.0%, 84% and 45.5%, re- spectively, and the percentage of ΣCO2 added to the pore-water is 4.7%, 72.4% and 29.45% correspond- ingly for three sites. Furthermore, it is found that the methane concentration, methane diffusive flux and the depth of SMT are controlled by the quantity and quality of sedimentary organic matter incorporated into the sediments. The great amount of organic material is favorable for rapid depletion of sulfate via sedimentary organic matter degradation, and on the other hand, causes the increase of the methane flux in the SMT, which results in a portion of sulfate re-duction supported by AOM. Accordingly, the SMT was shifted towards the sediment surface.WU Zijun ZHOU Huaiyang PENG Xiaotong CHEN Guangqian 2006Chinese Science Bulletin2006,51,16:4
9Denitrification in Qi'ao Island coastal zone,the Zhujiang Estuary in China显示文摘Samples of sediments and the overlying water were collected in the Qi'ao Island coastal zone,the Zhujiang(Pearl River) Estuary(ZE).Denitrification rates,sediment oxygen demand(SOD),and fluxes of inorganic nitrogen compounds were investigated with N2 flux method,using a self-designed continuous flow through and auto-sampling system.The results indicate that the denitrification rates varied between 222 and 908 μmol/(m2·h) with an average of 499 μmol /(m2·h).During incubation,the sediments absorbed dissolved oxygen in the overlying water with SOD ranging from 300 to 2 363 μmol/(m2·h).The denitrification rates were highly correlated with the SOD(r2=0.77) regardless of the NO-3+NO-2 concentrations in the overlying water,organic carbon contents in sediments and water temperature,suggesting that the SOD was probably the main environmental factor controlling the denitrification in the Qi'ao Island coastal zone.There was a net flux of NO-3+NO-2 into the sediments from the overlying water.The NH+4 flux from sediments into water as the result of mineralization was between 12.3 and 210.3 μmol/(m2·h),which seems limited by both organic carbon content in sediment and dissolved oxygen concentration in the overlying water.WANG Hu ZHOU Huaiyang PENG Xiaotong YANG Qunhui QIN Chaomei YIN Xijie CHEN Guangqian 2009Acta Oceanologica Sinica2009,28,1:4
10Growth model of a hydrothermal low-temperature Si-rich chimney:Example from the CDE hydrothermal field,Lau Basin显示文摘The CDE hydrothermal field was first discovered during a Chinese cruise to the East Lau Basin Spreading Centre in 2007.Apart from significant amounts of loose Fe-Si-Mn(oxyhydr) oxide(referred to as oxide below) precipitates,a small Si-rich oxide chimney was also recovered on this cruise.In this study,we report on the mineralogical and geochemical analyses of this chimney and a model for its growth that has been developed.Based on the mineralogy and O isotope results,the chimney walls can be divided into four growth generations(layers) from the inner to the outer layers:amorphous opal and barite layer(precipitation temperature 68.5°C based on oxygen isotope determinations),a rod-like amorphous layer(precipitation temperature 39.6°C),a filamentous Fe-Si oxide layer,and an outer Fe-Mn oxide layer.Investigations based on SEM and EDS showed that neutrophilic Fe-oxidizing bacteria play an important role in the formation of this chimney,particularly in the outer two generations.In the first stage,the metabolic activity of the microbes results in the pervasive precipitation of the filamentous Fe-rich oxides inside a ring formed by some amorphous opal and barite;therefore,a loose porous layer forms.In the second stage,amorphous opal then precipitates inside this wall as a result of conductive cooling and gradually controls the mixing between the hydrothermal fluids and ambient seawaters.In the third stage,barite and some amorphous opal form from the higher temperature fluids at the summit of the chimney growth history.In the last stage,the chimney wall becomes thicker and denser and the exchange of hydrothermal fluids and seawater ceases.As a result,a Fe-Mn oxide layer precipitates onto the outer surface of the chimney wall as neutrophilic Fe-oxidizing bacteria reoccupy the surface of the chimney.This mineral sequence and the resultant growth generations are confirmed by the chemical characteristics of the chimney wall.Sr isotopes extracted from the Fe oxides of the four-generation wall generally show a decreasing trend of the 87 Sr/86 Sr ratios from the second layer to the inner layer(from 0.707008 to 0.705877) except for the outer layer(0.706502).The Sr isotope and chondrite normalized REE patterns of the corresponding bulk samples from the chimney wall also display a similar trend.Our study shows that the biogenic filament network plays a key role in the formation of the chimney in contrast to previous growth models of higher temperature chimneys,which often ignore the influence of biogenic factors.SUN ZhiLei ZHOU HuaiYang YANG QunHui YIN XiJie WANG Hu YAO HuiQiang DONG CongFang 2012Science China Earth Sciences2012,55,10:4
11Bio-oxidation of pyrite,chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans显示文摘This paper deals with the bio-oxidation processes by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans of pyrite, chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite. Our experimental results show distinctive bio-oxidation characteristics for the three sulfide minerals. In the presence of A. ferrooxidans, the sulfide oxidation rates generally decrease in the order of pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite and pyrite. The pH during bio-oxidation of pyrite tends to decrease as a whole, whereas a rise-fall pattern was recorded for both chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite in their pH variations. No deposition was observed during the bio-oxidation of pyrite, suggesting a possible link to lower pH value in the process. However, large amounts of jarosite and element sulfur were determined in the bio-oxidation processes of chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite. A. ferrooxidans individuals were found directly as attachments to erosion pits on the smooth surface of pyrite. The erosion pits are similar to the bacterium in shape and length, and thus are probably products of dissolution of organic acid secreted by the cells on the mineral surface. More complicatedly, biofilm exists on the surfaces of chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite. This type of structured community of A. ferrooxidans is enclosed in the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and covered with the deposition generated in the bio-oxidation processes of chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite. Different bio-oxidation processes of pyrite, chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite may be linked mainly to characteristics of individual minerals and the pH in the reaction solution of the bio-oxidation system.JIANG Lei ZHOU HuaiYang PENG XiaoTong 2007Chinese Science Bulletin2007,52,19:4
12Detection of methane plumes in the water column of Logatchev hydrothermal vent field,Mid-Atlantic Ridge显示文摘During DY105-17 cruise onboard the R/V 'Da Yang Yi Hao' in 2005,methane concentrations in the wa-ter column above Logachev hydrothermal vent field were measured by applying stripping/trapping-gas chromatographic (GC) and the distinct methane plumes were detected. Results show that the back-ground methane concentration within the Logachev area is from 1.05 nmol/L to 1.68 nmol/L,signifi-cantly higher than the background level of the Atlantic abyssal plain of 0.4―0.5 nmol/L,suggesting that hydrothermal venting is a major source of dissolved methane to the ocean. The highest anomalies of methane concentrations in the water column range from 7.14 nmol/L to 113.9 nmol/L and occur just at 180―500 m above the seafloor. The distribution of methane concentration and the structural charac-teristics of hydrothermal plumes are strongly influenced by the supply of underlying hydrothermal fluids,the mixing process of ocean bottom currents and the microbial oxidation. Furthermore,the dif-ferences in distribution of methane plume between the station MAR-CTD3 and the other stations indi-cate a probable unknown hydrothermal vent site nearby. There occurs high concentration of methane along with temperature and nephelometry anomalies,which strongly confirms that the subtle meas-urement of methane concentration in water column is one of the effective ways to locate active sites of hydrothermal venting.ZHOU HuaiYang WU ZiJun PENG XiaoTong JIANG Lei TANG Song 2007Chinese Science Bulletin2007,52,15:4
13Early-stage mineralization of hydrothermal tubeworms: New insights into the role of microorganisms in the process of mineralization显示文摘As an important part of marine hydrothermal system, hydrothermal vent faunas live in hydrothermal inorganic environment and closely interact with hydrothermal inorganic environment. Sometimes, they can participate in the mineralization process of modern hydrothermal site. Hydrothermal vent faunas, particularly vestimentiferan and polychaete tubeworms, are occasionally preserved in the geological record. Study on the early mineralization process of hydrothermal vent fauna is significant for under- standing the interaction between mineral and organism, and also the formation and preservation mechanism of geological fossil in hydrothermal environment. In this paper, the early stage of miner- alization of Vestimentiferan Ridgeia piscesae tubes collected from Juan de Fuca Ridge is studied. The results showed that a lot of filamentous microorganisms were unevenly distributed on the surface of internal wall and in the interspace of the wall of tubeworm. In some cases, microorganisms aggregated as thin layers in or on the wall of tubeworm. The surfaces of microbial cells and the products of micro- bial degradation may play an important role in the early mineralization of tubeworm. Semitransparent thin layers of organic matter containing sulfur and sulfur granules were commonly found on the wall of tubeworm with lower degree of mineralization. The degradation production of these semitransparent thin layers may accelerate the mineralization of tube wall during the early stage. EDS results showed that on the tube walls some chemical elements such as Fe, P, Ca and Si are selectively enriched from ambient hydrothermal environment. Interestingly, P, Ca and Si covary with Fe content. Because element S originated from the bio-oxidation of H2S by symbiotic microorganism in the tissue of tubeworm, it can be considered as a biomarker when studying the mineralization process of tube wall. Based on the characteristics of tubeworms with different degrees of mineralization, we suggested that the early mineralization stage of tube wall was mainly controlled by microbial-induced mineralization and the degradation process of tube wall.PENG XiaoTong ZHOU HuaiYang TANG Song YAO HuiQiang JIANG Lei WU Zidun 2008Chinese Science Bulletin2008,53,2:3
14Growth history of hydrothermal chimneys at EPR 9―10°N:A structural and mineralogical study显示文摘Based on structural and mineralogical characteristics of four hydrothermal chimney samples collected by submersible Alvin, growth history and formation environment of hydro-thermal chimney at EPR 9―10°N are established. It is shown that there occur two types of hydrothermal chimney with different deposition environments at EPR 9―10°N according to dif-ferences in their shape, structure and mineral assemblage: type I chimney forms in an environ-ment with high temperature, low pH and strong reducing hydrothermal focus flow and type II chimney forms in a relatively low temperature, high pH and rich Zn hydrothermal environment. Growth of type I chimney begins with the formation of anhydrite. Subsequently deposition of Cu-Fe-Zn sulphide in various directions of chimneys decides the final structure of this type of chimney. According to observation and analysis of mineral assemblages, the formation process of type I chimney could be divided into three stages from early, middle to late. Changes of tem-perature and major chemical reaction type in the process of hydrothermal chimney formation are also deduced. Different from type I chimney, quenching crystalline of pyrite and/or crystalline of sphalerite provide the growth foundation of type II chimney in the early stage of chimney forma-tion.PENG Xiaotong ZHOU Huaiyang 2005Science China Earth Sciences2005,48,11:3
15Bio-oxidation of galena particles by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans显示文摘This paper deals with the bio-oxidation of galena particles(-80 meshes) using Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and compares it with Fe3+ oxidation.Experimental results show that,at least,0.00197 mol galena was leached from 100 mL pulp(density of 3.8%) with 39 days' bio-oxidation,as compared to 0.00329 mol galena by Fe3+ with 9 days' oxidation.Because Fe3+ was constantly consumed,leaching by Fe3+ almost stopped after 9 days.Large amounts of lead sulfate were detected in both bio-oxidation and Fe3+ oxidation of galena.A.ferrooxidans followed a unique growth pattern during the bio-oxidation of galena.In the initial 15 days,the bacteria attached themselves to the galena surface with the formation of erosion pits similar in shape and length to those of the bacteria,and there were hardly any bacteria suspended in the solution.After 15 days,suspended bacteria increased.It is thus suggested that A.ferrooxidans may directly oxidize galena.Lei Jiang Huaiyang Zhou Xiaotong Peng Zhonghao Ding 2008Particuology2008,6,2:2
16Mechatronic integration and implementation of in situ multipoint temperature measurement for seafloor hydrothermal vent显示文摘In order to provide firsthand reference data for model building and analysis of temperature field of seafloor hydrothermal vent, a temperature measurement sys- tem is designed, which can be used to measure the temperature of seafloor hydrothermal vent. The system can implement in situ multipoint temperature measurement and work for 15 days on the seafloor, so low power consumption design principle of the integrated circuit board is adopted. To enable the system to endure the high pressure on the seafloor, mechanical structure of the system is designed in terms of design principle of pressure container. The pressure test ex- periment was performed in the authoritative institution, and the results indicated that the system was safe and could work reliably on the seafloor. In the first Sino-American Joint Dive Cruise, the instruments were carried to the seafloor to work by Alvin. The experiment in the sea was successful, and the results indicated that the system could survive in the high pressure and high temperature environ- ment and record the temperature activities of hydrothermal vents. About 710000 groups of temperature data were acquired, and these are of importance for further scientific researches.WU HuaiChao CHEN Ying YANG CanJun ZHANG JiaFan ZHOU HuaiYang PENG XiaoTong JI FuWu 2007Science China(Technological Sciences)2007,50,2:2
17Distribution, source and flux of methane in the westem Pearl River Estuary and northern South China Sea显示文摘ZHOU HUAIYANG YIN XIJIE YANG QUNHUI 2009Marine Chemistry2009,117,:1
18Distribution, source and enrichment of some chemical elements in sediments of the Pearl River Estuary, China 显示文摘Zhou Huaiyang Peng Xiaotong Pan Jianming 2004Continental Shelf Research2004,,:1
19The use of microscopy techniques to analyze microbial biofilm of the bio-oxidized chalcopyrite surface 显示文摘Jiang Lei Zhou Huaiyang Peng Xiaotong 2009Mineral engineering2009,22,1:1
20Distribution, source and flux of methane in the western Pearl River Estuary and northern South China Sea显示文摘ZHOU HUAIYANG YIN XIJIE YANG QUNHUI 2009Marine Chemistry2009,117,:1
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