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| 1 | Importance of Viral Disease in Dairy Cow Fertility显示文摘Many viral diseases are endemic in cattle populations worldwide. The ability of many viruses to cross the placenta and cause abortions and fetal malformations is well understood. There is also significant evidence that viral infections have additional actions in dairy cows, which are reflected in reduced conception rates. These effects are, however, highly dependent on the time at which an individual animal first contracts the disease and are less easy to quantify. This paper reviews the evidence relating to five viruses that can affect fertility, together with their potential mechanisms of action. Acute infection with non-cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in mid-gestation increases abortion rates or causes the birth of persistently infected calves. BVDV infections closer to the time of breeding can have direct effects on the ovaries and uterine endometrium, which cause estrous cycle irregularities and early embryo mortality. Fertility may also be reduced by BVDV-induced immunosuppression, which increases the susceptibility to bacterial infections. Bovine herpesvirus (BHV)-1 is most common in pre-pubertal heifers, and can slow their growth, delay breeding, and increase the age at first calving. Previously infected animals subsequently show reduced fertility. Although this may be associated with lung damage, ovarian lesions have also been reported. Both BHV-1 and BHV-4 remain latent in the host following initial infection and may be reactivated later by stress, for example associated with calving and early lactation. While BHV-4 infection alone may not reduce fertility, it appears to act as a co-factor with established bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Trueperella pyogenes to promote the development of endometritis and delay uterine repair mechanisms after calving. Both Schmallenberg virus (SBV) and bluetongue virus (BTV) are transmitted by insect vectors and lead to increased abortion rates and congenital malformations.BTV-8 also impairs the development of hatched blastocysts;furthermore, infection around the time of breeding with either virus appears to reduce conception rates. Although the reductions in conception rates are often difficult to quantify, they are nevertheless sufficient to cause economic losses, which help to justify the benefits of vaccination and eradication schemes. | D.Claire Wathes Chike F.Oguejiofor Carole Thomas Zhangrui Cheng | 2020 | Engineering2020，6，1： | 8 |
| 2 | Differentiation of bone mar-row derived Thy-1^+β_2M^- cells into hepatocytes induced by coculture with transgenic CFSCs显示文摘Studies of transplantation in vivo indicted that bone marrow derived stem cells had a potential to different-tiate into mature hepatocytes. However, there are lots of doubts and uncertainties in the influencing factors and con-trol agents of effectively inducing stem cell differentiation in vitro, the efficiency of stem cells?differentiation into hepato-cytes and differentiated cells?life-span and functional state, etc. In this study, rat bone marrow derived Thy-1+β2M- cells (BDTCs) were induced to differentiate into hepatocytes by co-culturing with CFSC/HGF feeder layers which ex-pressed hHGF efficiently and stably. RT-PCR and im-munofluorescent texts proved induced BDTCs expressed infant and adult hepatocyte specific genes. Further more, these cells displayed functions of indocyanine green (ICG) uptake, ammonium metabolism and albumin production. It was shown that growth factors together with hepatic non-parenchyma cells provided a feasible microenvironment for differentiation of bone marrow stem cells into hepatocytes. The studies not only provided a significant biological model for going deep into the mechanism of stem cell plasticity, but also offered a theoretical and technical foundation of gene and stem cell engineering-based regenerative medicine for end-stage liver diseases. | WANGYunfang NANXue ZHANGRui LIYanhua YUEWen YAN-Fang PEIXuetao | 2004 | Chinese Science Bulletin2004，49，9： | 3 |
| 3 | Complete Convergence of Randomly Weighted Sums of NOD Random Variables显示文摘In this paper,we investigate the complete convergence of double-indexed randomly weighted sums of negatively orthant dependent(NOD) random variables.Some complete moment convergence and complete convergence of this dependent sequence are presented,Marcinkiewicz-Zygmund-type strong law of large numbers is also obtained.Our results extend some corresponding ones.In addition,some simulations are illustrated to show the convergence. | Zhangrui ZHAO Xudong QIAO Wenzhi YANG Shuhe HU | 2017 | Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications2017，37，6： | 2 |
| 4 | 显示文摘 | GAOTing-ting HANHui-lian ZHANGRui etal(高婷婷 韩慧莲 张瑞 等) | 2013 | 光电工程2013，40，3： | 1 |
| 5 | 显示文摘 | WANGYao-li ZHANGRui WANGZhi-bin(王耀利 张瑞 王志斌) | 2015 | 光谱学与光谱分析2015，35，8： | 1 |
| 6 | Pharmacodynamics of marbofloxacin for calf pneumonia pathogens显示文摘 | Joanna Illambas Timothy Potter Zhangrui Cheng Andrew Rycroft John Fishwick Peter Lees | 2013 | Research in Veterinary Science2013，，3： | 1 |
| 7 | 显示文摘 | HUYun ZHAOXue-hong ZHANGRui etal(胡雅君 赵学王工 张锐 等) | 2013 | 光学学报2013，，11： | 1 |
| 8 | 显示文摘 | QiDongming(戚栋明) ZhangRui(张睿) XuJie(徐杰) ShenXingcong(申兴丛) WuMinghua(吴明华) | | 高分子学报0，，： | 1 |
| 9 | ThesyntheticallyestimateofthermalsafetyofRDX[J]显示文摘 | ZHANGRui(张蕊),YAOPu(姚朴),FENGChanggen(冯长根),etal | | 含能材料0，，： | 1 |
| 10 | 显示文摘 | ShaoJianzhong(邵建忠) YuanYan(袁艳) ZhangRui(张睿) WuMinghua(吴明华) QiDongming(戚栋明) | 2011 | 高分子学报2011，，7： | 1 |
| 11 | Improvingtensilestrengthandtoughnessofmeltprocessedpolyamide6/multiwalledcarbonnanotubecompositesbyinsitupolymerizationandfillersurfacefunctionalization显示文摘 | DengHua BilottiEmiliano ZhangRui etal | 2011 | JournalofAppliedPolymerScience2011，120，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Analysis and comparison of laser cutting performance of solar float glass with different scanning modes显示文摘Cutting quality and efficiency have always been important indicators of glass laser cutting.Laser scanning modes have two kinds,namely,the spiral and concentric circle scanning modes.These modes can achieve high-performance hole cutting of thick solar float glass using a 532-nm nanosecond laser.The mechanism of the glass laser cutting under these two different scanning modes has been described.Several experiments are conducted to explore the effect of machining parameters on cutting efficiency and quality under these two scanning modes.Results indicate that compared with the spiral scanning mode,the minimum area of edge chipping(218340µm)and the minimum Ra(3.01µm)in the concentric circle scanning mode are reduced by 9.4%and 16.4%respectively.Moreover,the best cutting efficiency scanning mode is 14.2%faster than that in the spiral scanning mode.The best parameter combination for the concentric circle scanning mode is as follows:Scanning speed:2200 mm/s,number of inner circles:6,and circle spacing:0.05 mm.This parameter combination reduces the chipping area and sidewall surface roughness by 8.8%and 9.6%respectively at the same cutting efficiency compared with the best spiral processing parameters.The range of glass processing that can be achieved in the concentric circle scanning mode is wider than that in the spiral counterpart.The analyses of surface topography,white spots,microstructures,and sidewall surface element composition are also performed.The study concluded that the concentric circle scanning mode shows evident advantages in the performance of solar float glass hole cutting. | Wenyuan LI Yu HUANG Youmin RONG Long CHEN Guojun ZHANG Zhangrui GAO | 2021 | Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering2021，16，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Negative energy balance alters global gene expression and im- mune responses in the uterus of postpartum dairy cows 显示文摘 | WATHES D C ZHANGRUI C CHOWDHURY W L | 2009 | Physiol Gennmics2009，39，1： | 1 |
| 14 | ImprovingtensilestrengthandtoughnessofmeltprocessedpolyGamide6/multiwalledcarbonnanotubecompositesbyinsitupolymerizationandfillersurfacefunctionalization显示文摘 | DengHua EmilianoBilotti ZhangRui etal | 2011 | JournalofAppliedPolymerScience2011，120，： | 1 |
| 15 | Pharmacodynamics of marbofloxacin for calf pneumonia pathogens显示文摘 | Joanna Illambas Timothy Potter Zhangrui Cheng Andrew Rycroft John Fishwick Peter Lees | 2013 | Research in Veterinary Science2013，，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Assessment of Left Ventricuiar Wall Motion in Diabetic Rats Using Velocity Vector Imaging Combined with Stress Echocardiography显示文摘 | Zhangrui Wei Haili Su Haibin Zhang | 2008 | Echocardiography2008，，6： | 1 |
| 17 | Integrated broadband near-infrared luminescence in transparent glass ceramics containing y-Ga203 :Ni2+ and/5-YF3 : Er3 + nanocrystals显示文摘 | ZhangRui’Lin Hang Chen Daqin | 2013 | J Alloys Compd2013，552，5： | 1 |
| 18 | Effects of PAEs on male reproductive system[ J]显示文摘 | ZHANGXuehong(张学红) ZHANGRui(张瑞) LILanying(李兰英) etal | 2013 | 癌变、崎变、突变2013，25，4： | 1 |
| 19 | 显示文摘 | GUOYuan ZHAOXue-hong ZHANGRui etal(郭媛 赵学虹 张锐 等) | 2013 | 光谱学与光谱分析2013，33，8： | 1 |
| 20 | 显示文摘 | HuYa-jun ZHAOXue-hong ZHANGRui etal(胡雅君 赵学虹 张锐 等) | 2013 | 光学学报2013，33，11： | 1 |
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