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| 1 | A fundamental theorem for eco-environmental surface modelling and its applications显示文摘We propose a fundamental theorem for eco-environmental surface modelling(FTEEM) in order to apply it into the fields of ecology and environmental science more easily after the fundamental theorem for Earth’s surface system modeling(FTESM). The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH) region is taken as a case area to conduct empirical studies of algorithms for spatial upscaling, spatial downscaling, spatial interpolation, data fusion and model-data assimilation, which are based on high accuracy surface modelling(HASM), corresponding with corollaries of FTEEM. The case studies demonstrate how eco-environmental surface modelling is substantially improved when both extrinsic and intrinsic information are used along with an appropriate method of HASM. Compared with classic algorithms, the HASM-based algorithm for spatial upscaling reduced the root-meansquare error of the BTH elevation surface by 9 m. The HASM-based algorithm for spatial downscaling reduced the relative error of future scenarios of annual mean temperature by 16%. The HASM-based algorithm for spatial interpolation reduced the relative error of change trend of annual mean precipitation by 0.2%. The HASM-based algorithm for data fusion reduced the relative error of change trend of annual mean temperature by 70%. The HASM-based algorithm for model-data assimilation reduced the relative error of carbon stocks by 40%. We propose five theoretical challenges and three application problems of HASM that need to be addressed to improve FTEEM. | Tianxiang YUE Na ZHAO Yu LIU Yifu WANG Bin ZHANG Zhengping DU Zemeng FAN Wenjiao SHI Chuanfa CHEN Mingwei ZHAO Dunjiang SONG Shihai WANG Yinjun SONG Changqing YAN Qiquan LI Xiaofang SUN Lili ZHANG Yongzhong TIAN Wei WANG Ying’an WANG Shengnan MA Hongsheng HUANG Yimin LU Qing WANG Chenliang WANG Yuzhu WANG Ming LU Wei ZHOU Yi LIU Xiaozhe YIN Zong WANG Zhengyi BAO Miaomiao ZHAO Yapeng ZHAO Yimeng JIAO Ufra NASEER Bin FAN Saibo LI Yang YANG John PWILSON | 2020 | Science China Earth Sciences2020，63，8： | 7 |
| 2 | Evolving cognition of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway:autoimmune disorders and cancer显示文摘The Janus kinase(JAK)signal transducer and activator of transcription(JAK-STAT)pathway is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism of transmembrane signal transduction that enables cells to communicate with the exterior environment.Various cytokines,interferons,growth factors,and other specific molecules activate JAK-STAT signaling to drive a series of physiological and pathological processes,including proliferation,metabolism,immune response,inflammation,and malignancy.Dysregulated JAK-STAT signaling and related genetic mutations are strongly associated with immune activation and cancer progression.Insights into the structures and functions of the JAK-STAT pathway have led to the development and approval of diverse drugs for the clinical treatment of diseases.Currently,drugs have been developed to mainly target the JAK-STAT pathway and are commonly divided into three subtypes:cytokine or receptor antibodies,JAK inhibitors,and STAT inhibitors.And novel agents also continue to be developed and tested in preclinical and clinical studies.The effectiveness and safety of each kind of drug also warrant further scientific trials before put into being clinical applications.Here,we review the current understanding of the fundamental composition and function of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway.We also discuss advancements in the understanding of JAK-STAT–related pathogenic mechanisms;targeted JAK-STAT therapies for various diseases,especially immune disorders,and cancers;newly developed JAK inhibitors;and current challenges and directions in the field. | Chen Xue Qinfan Yao Xinyu Gu Qingmiao Shi Xin Yuan Qingfei Chu Zhengyi Bao Juan Lu Lanjuan Li | 2023 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2023，8，6： | 1 |
| 3 | Health and Disease:Akkermansia muciniphila,the Shining Star of the Gut Flora显示文摘Akkermansia muciniphila(A.muciniphila)has drawn much attention as an important gut microbe strain in recent years.A.muciniphila can influence the occurrence and development of diseases of the endocrine,nervous,digestive,musculoskeletal,and respiratory systems and other diseases.It can also improve immunotherapy for some cancers.A.muciniphila is expected to become a new probiotic in addition to Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium.An increase in A.muciniphila abundance through direct or indirect A.muciniphila supplementation may inhibit or even reverse disease progression.However,some contrary findings are found in type 2 diabetes mellitus and neurodegenerative diseases,where increased A.muciniphila abundance may aggravate the diseases.To enable a more comprehensive understanding of the role of A.muciniphila in diseases,we summarize the relevant information on A.muciniphila in different systemic diseases and introduce regulators of A.muciniphila abundance to promote the clinical transformation of A.muciniphila research. | Chen Xue Ganglei Li Xinyu Gu Yuanshuai Su Qiuxian Zheng Xin Yuan Zhengyi Bao Juan Lu Lanjuan Li | 2023 | Research2023，，4： | 0 |
| 4 | Role of main RNA modifications in cancer:N^(6)-methyladenosine,5-methylcytosine,and pseudouridine显示文摘Cancer is one of the major diseases threatening human life and health worldwide.Epigenetic modification refers to heritable changes in the genetic material without any changes in the nucleic acid sequence and results in heritable phenotypic changes.Epigenetic modifications regulate many biological processes,such as growth,aging,and various diseases,including cancer.With the advancement of next-generation sequencing technology,the role of RNA modifications in cancer progression has become increasingly prominent and is a hot spot in scientific research.This review studied several common RNA modifications. | Chen Xue Qingfei Chu Qiuxian Zheng Shiman Jiang Zhengyi Bao Yuanshuai Su Juan Lu Lanjuan Li | 2022 | Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy2022，7，5： | 0 |
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