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| 1 | 植物氮磷钾养分高效利用研究现状与展望显示文摘氮、磷、钾是植物生长发育所必需的大量营养元素.植物主要通过两种途径获取营养:第一种是植物根系直接从土壤吸收营养,称为直接营养吸收途径.植物感知土壤中的氮、磷、钾浓度后,通过调节离子通道或转运体,从而介导营养元素的吸收;第二种是植物通过与微生物共生从环境中获取营养,称为间接营养吸收途径,其中根瘤共生和丛枝菌根共生是植物从环境高效获得营养的重要途径.本文总结了国内外近几年在植物氮磷钾信号感知、吸收和转运研究中所取得的重要进展,剖析了相关领域未来发展趋势和面临的主要问题,并对未来15年植物营养研究的重点进行了展望,为培育养分高效利用作物新品种、保障国家农业可持续发展和粮食安全提供技术支撑. | 储成才 王毅 王二涛 | 2021 | 中国科学:生命科学2021，51，10： | 42 |
| 2 | 植物根系与益生菌相互作用的研究进展显示文摘植物根系能够与微生物建立多种多样的益生关系。植物为益生菌提供碳源和生存空间,益生菌则为植物提供营养元素并增强植物对逆境的抗性。根际分泌物在益生关系的建立中起到了关键的信号和调节作用。在过去的十年间,微生物组对植物健康的重要作用也受到了广泛的关注,并展示出广泛的应用前景。本文总结了植物根系与益生菌相互作用的最新研究成果,重点介绍了植物在逆境胁迫下对根系微生物的调控机制,以及目前对植物、益生菌或整个微生物组进行定向改造来改良植物性状的尝试。这些研究成果加深了人们对植物与微生物群落互作关系的理解,为改良作物对逆境胁迫的抗性提供了理论基础。 | 禹坷 王孝林 张学斌 王二涛 | 2020 | 植物生理学报2020，56，11： | 14 |
| 3 | 丛枝菌根真菌对植物繁殖的影响研究进展显示文摘丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)与宿主植物所形成的互惠共生体系是生态系统中广泛分布的共生体系代表类型之一。AMF除能够促进宿主植物生长发育外,也可以对宿主植物的繁殖过程产生多方面影响。研究宿主植物在AMF共生状态下繁殖策略的变化规律,对于深入理解植物繁殖适合度的变化具有重要理论意义。该文综述了AMF对宿主植物繁殖影响的相关研究,包括AMF的侵染对宿主植物繁殖分配、花部特征、虫媒传粉和花期的影响。目前已有研究发现某些AMF能够促进宿主植物增加繁殖资源投入,提高花朵产生的数量或花冠直径,同时增加花粉数量和花蜜量来影响访花昆虫的行为,以及造成开花提前及花期延长,但其作用的具体机制尚不明确,且因宿主植物的差异,并未有完全统一的结论。然而,由于AMF与植物共生的普遍性,其在植物繁殖过程中发挥的重要作用不可忽略。今后除了在以上各方面开展更深入的研究外,还需在AMF对宿主植物繁殖性状的影响机制、AMF共生条件下植物有性繁殖过程中雌雄功能的资源分配,以及对无性繁殖和后代适应性的影响等方面进行更深入的研究。 | 王磊 闫兴富 唐占辉 | 2021 | 广西植物2021，41，12： | 2 |
| 4 | A Rice Receptor for Mycorrhizal Fungal Signals Opens New Opportunities for the Development of Sustainable Agricultural Practices显示文摘Improving crop plant productivity in the current scenario of global climate change is among the major challenges for an ever-growing human population. In this respect, there is great interest in root symbioses such as arbuscular mycorrhizas (AMs) and nitrogen-fixing symbioses (NFSs), with their ability to feed plants with microbe-derived inorganic nutrients and extend plant tolerance to drought, salt stress, and pathogenic attacks (Harman and Uphoff, 2019). | A.Genre P.Bonfante | 2020 | Molecular Plant2020，13，2： | 1 |
| 5 | 植物激素调控丛枝菌根发育的作用机制研究进展显示文摘丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhiza,AM)是土壤中AM真菌和绝大多数维管植物根系长期进化过程中相互识别、相互作用形成的互利共生体。AM的发育与功能效应依赖AM真菌-寄主植物之间精准的“分子对话”,同时受到环境条件特别是土壤养分水平、干旱和盐渍化的制约。植物激素作为低浓度的小分子有机物,是参与调控AM共生过程的重要信号分子。其中,主要有9种植物激素参与AM发育过程且分工各有不同:独脚金内酯(strigolactones,SLs)参与AM真菌-寄主植物之间最初的共生识别,脱落酸(abscisic acid,ABA)和油菜素内酯(brassinosteroid,BR)促进前期的菌丝入侵,但水杨酸(salicylic acid,SA)和乙烯(ethylene,ET)抑制前期的菌丝入侵,生长素(auxin,Aux)、ABA和BR促进随后的丛枝形成而ET和赤霉素(gibberellin,GA)的作用则相反,茉莉酸(jasmonic acid,JA)对菌丝入侵与丛枝形成均可能存在正调控或负调控作用。目前细胞分裂素(cytokinin,CTK)在AM发育中的作用尚不明确。更为复杂的是,通常植物激素信号之间的交叉互作决定AM的发育进程。本文针对AM发育过程总结了不同植物激素的调控作用特点和不同植物激素信号之间的互作(协同或拮抗),以及胁迫条件下不同植物激素信号的可能调控机制。深入研究和系统阐明植物激素调控AM真菌-寄主植物共生的生理/分子机制,将有助于促进生物共生学理论研究及菌根技术的应用。 | 王浩 孙丽英 | 2022 | 微生物学通报2022，49，10： | 1 |
| 6 | Arbuscular mycorrhizal associations and the major regulators显示文摘Plants growing in natural soils encounter diverse biotic and abiotic stresses and have adapted with sophisticated strategies to deal with complex environments such as changing root system structure,evoking biochem-ical responses and recruiting microbial partners.Under selection pressure,plants and their associated microorgan-isms assemble into a functional entity known as a holobiont.The commonest cooperative interaction is between plant roots and arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungi.About 80%of terrestrial plants can form AM symbiosis with the ancient phylum Glomeromycota.A very large network of extraradical and intraradical mycelium of AM fungi connects the underground biota and the nearby carbon and nutrient fluxes.Here,we discuss recent progress on the regulators of AM associations with plants,AM fungi and their surrounding environments,and explore further mechanistic insights. | Li XUE Ertao WANG | 2020 | Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering2020，7，3： | 0 |
| 7 | Suppression of LjBAK1-mediated immunity by SymRK promotes rhizobial infection in Lotus japonicus.显示文摘An important question in biology is how organisms can associate with different microbes that pose no threat (commensals), pose a severe threat (pathogens) and those that are beneficial (symbionts). The root nodule symbiosis serves as important model system to address such questions in the context of plant-microbe interactions. It is now generally accepted that rhizobia have the abilities to actively suppress host immune responses during the infection process, analogous to the way in which plant pathogens can evade immune recognition. However, much remains to be elucidated with regard to the mechanisms by which the host recognizes the rhizobia as pathogens and how, subsequently, these pathways are suppressed to allow establishment of the nitrogen fixing symbiosis. In this study, we found that SymRK (Symbiosis Receptor-like Kinase) is required for rhizobial suppression of plant innate immunity in Lotus japonicus. SymRK associates with LjBAK1 (BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1-Associated receptor Kinase 1), a well characterized, positive regulator of plant innate immunity, and directly inhibits LjBAK1 kinase activity. Rhizobial inoculation enhances the association between SymRK and LjBAK1 in planta. LjBAK1 is required to regulate plant innate immunity and plays a negative role in mediating rhizobial infection in L. japonicus. The data indicate that the protein complex of SymRK-LjBAK1 serves as an intersection point between rhizobial symbiotic signaling pathways and innate immunity pathways, which provides an evidence that rhizobia might actively suppress the host's ability to mount a defense response in the legume-rhizobium symbiosis. | Yong Feng Ping Wu Chao Liu Liwei Peng Tao Wang Chao Wang Qian Tan Bixuan Li Yajuan Ou Hui Zhu Songli Yuan Renliang Huang Gary Stacey Zhongming Zhang Yangrong Cao | 2021 | Molecular Plant2021，14，11： | 0 |
| 8 | The chromosome-level genome assembly of Astragalus sinicus and comparative genomic analyses provide new resources and insights for understanding legume-rhizobial interactions显示文摘The legume species Astragalus sinicus(Chinese milk vetch[CMV])has been widely cultivated for centuries in southern China as one of the most important green manures/cover crops for improving rice productivity and preventing soil degeneration.In this study,we generated the first chromosome-scale reference genome of CMV by combining PacBio and Illumina sequencing with high-throughput chromatin conformation capture(Hi-C)technology.The CMV genome was 595.52 Mb in length,with a contig N50 size of 1.50 Mb.Long terminal repeats(LTRs)had been amplified and contributed to genome size expansion in CMV.CMV has undergone two whole-genome duplication(WGD)events,and the genes retained after the WGD shared by Papilionoideae species shaped the rhizobial symbiosis and the hormonal regulation of nodulation.The chalcone synthase(CHS)gene family was expanded and was expressed primarily in the roots of CMV.Intriguingly,we found that resistance genes were more highly expressed in roots than in nodules of legume species,suggesting that their expression may be increased to bolster plant immunity in roots to cope with pathogen infection in legumes.Our work sheds light on the genetic basis of nodulation and symbiosis in CMV and provides a benchmark for accelerating genetic research and molecular breeding in the future. | Danna Chang Songjuan Gao Guopeng Zhou Shuhan Deng Jizeng Jia Ertao Wang Weidong Cao | 2022 | Plant Communications2022，3，2： | 0 |
| 9 | 野生药用植物刺五加与丛枝菌根真菌共生性研究显示文摘为研究子午岭保护区野生药用植物刺五加根系与丛枝菌根真菌共生性,按照线性布点方式随海拔升高选设6个典型样点,测定了刺五加根围土壤理化性质,丛枝菌根真菌侵染率和孢子密度。结果表明:刺五加根围0~30 cm土壤有机质平均含量为42.86 mg/g,土壤速效氮平均值为52.97μg/g,土壤速效磷平均值为12.15μg/g,土壤速效钾平均值为125.43μg/g。刺五加根围丛枝菌根真菌孢子密度为14.35个/g干土,刺五加根中丛枝菌根真菌菌丝侵染率平均值达81.62%,丛枝侵染率平均值为14.57%,根围丛枝菌根真菌生态分布随海拔高度增加无显著差异,显示出刺五加与AM真菌良好的共生性。 | 刘亚峰 山宝琴 | 2023 | 陕西农业科学2023，69，5： | 0 |
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