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| 1 | Black carbon aerosols and their radiative properties in the Pearl River Delta region显示文摘The climatic and environmental effects of atmospheric aerosols are a hot topic in global science community, and radiative properties of the aerosols are one of the important parameters in assessing climatic change. Here we studied the black carbon concentration and absorption coefficient measured with aethalometers, scattering coefficient measured with nephelometers, and single scattering albedo derived at an atmospheric composition watch station in Guangzhou from 2004 to 2007. Our main results are as follows. The data of black carbon concentration and absorption coefficients measured with instruments cannot be directly used until they are measured in parallel with internationally accepted instruments for comparison, calibration, and reduction. After evaluation of the data, the result shows that the monthly mean of BC concentration varies 3.1―14.8 μg·m-3 and the concentration decreases by about 1 μg·m-3 in average over the four years; It is higher in the dry season with a multi-year mean of 8.9 μg/m3 and lower in the rainy season with a multi-year mean of 8.0 μg·m-3; The extreme maximum of monthly mean concentration occurred in December 2004 and extreme minimum in July 2007, and a 4-year mean is 8.4 μg·m-3. It is also shown that monthly mean scattering coefficient derived varies 129 -565 Mm-1, monthly mean absorption coefficient 32-139 Mm-1, and monthly mean single scattering albedo 0.71-0.91, with annual mean values of 0.80, 0.82, 0.79 and 0.84 for 2004, 2005, 2006 and 2007, respectively. Three instruments were used to take simultaneous measurements of BC in PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 and the results showed that PM2.5 took up about 90% of PM10 and PM1 accounted for about 68% of PM2.5, and BC aerosols are mainly present in fine particulates. The variability of BC concentrations is quite consistent between the Nancun station (141 m above sea level) and the Panyu station (13 m above sea level), which are 8 km apart from each other. The concentration in higher altitude station (Panyu) is consistently lower than the lower altitude station (Nancun), and the difference of annual mean is about 4 μg·m-3. | WU Dui MAO JieTai DENG XueJiao TIE XueXi ZHANG YuanHang ZENG LiMin LI Fei TAN HaoBo BI XueYan HUANG XiaoYing CHEN Jing DENG Tao | 2009 | Science China Earth Sciences2009，52，8： | 58 |
| 2 | 内蒙古赤峰及其周边地区荒漠化变化趋势研究——基于遥感技术中反照率和归一化植被指数特征空间显示文摘通过遥感影像来构造反照率(Albedo)和归一化植被指数(NDVI)特征空间是一种提取土地荒漠化信息的有效方法。该研究利用Landsat遥感影像来构造赤峰及周边地区Albedo-NDVI特征空间,分析当地2000和2008年的沙漠化状况。结果表明,随着时间的推移,当地植被覆盖度有所增加,土壤含水量以及沙漠化程度有所改善,政府政策的引导已见成效。 | 王家琪 陈星任 | 2016 | 安徽农业科学2016，44，27： | 7 |
| 3 | 基于沙地指数模型的沙地监测方法显示文摘沙漠化是干旱、半干旱地区的重要生态环境问题,我国西北地区沙漠化土地分布广泛,加剧的沙漠化问题影响着区域经济和社会的发展,遥感技术的进步为沙漠化评估与制图提供了重要手段。本文以内蒙古自治区浑善达克沙地为研究区,基于面向对象方法,对研究区Landsat8 OLI影像进行沙地最优尺度分割。以分割对象为基础,实验在冬夏季影像上分层分阶段提取沙地。在冬季影像上,本文提出新比值型指数RSBI(Ratio Soil Brightness Index)对沙地进行提取,精度较SBI指数提高4.11%。后基于改进型植被覆盖度指数(FMSAVI)与反照率(Albedo)构建二维特征空间,建立沙地分类指数模型(DCI),对夏季影像沙区分类。该方法总体精度为83.24%,较NDVI-Albedo二维特征空间模型精度提高5.59%,较FMSAVI模型提高16.20%。本文结合RSBI指数与FMSAVI-Albedo特征空间反演的DCI指数模型来提取沙地信息并对沙地分类,减少了沙地提取误差,提高了分类精度,为沙地信息的研究提供了新思路。 | 李宇君 张磊 | 2021 | 地球信息科学学报2021，23，4： | 7 |
| 4 | Sources, evolution and impacts of EC and OC in snow on sea ice: a measurement study in Barrow, Alaska显示文摘Based on the field measurements in Barrow, Alaska within the period of April-May 2015, we investigate the sources and variations of elemental carbon(EC) and organic carbon(OC) in the surface layer of snowpack on sea ice, and estimate their effects on the sea ice albedo. Results show that the snow OC in Barrow are from natural sources(e.g. terrestrial higher plants and micro-organisms) mainly, as well as biomass burning(e.g. forest fires and straw combustion) as an important part. Both EC and OC can accumulate at the snow surface with snow melt. The variations in EC and OC and liquid water content in the snow layer are well consistent during the snow-melting period. A higher rate of snow melt implied a more efficient enrichment of EC and OC. In the last phase of snow melt, the concentration increased to a maximum of 16.2 ng/g for EC and 128 ng/g for OC, which is ~10 times larger than those before snow melt onset. Except for the dominant influence of melt amplification mechanism, the variation in concentrations of EC and OC could be disturbed by the air temperature fluctuation and snowfall. Our study indicates that the lightabsorbing impurities contributed 1.6%-5.1% to the reduction in sea ice albedo with melt during the measurement period. The significant period oflight-absorbing impurities influencing on sea ice albedo begins with the rapid melting of overlying snow and ends before the melt ponds formed widely, which lasted for about 10 days in Barrow, 2015. | Tingfeng Dou Cunde Xiao Zhiheng Du J. J. Schauer Hong Ren Baozhu Ge Aihong Xie Jihua Tan Pingqing Fu Yuanxun Zhang | 2017 | Science Bulletin2017，62，22： | 6 |
| 5 | 藏北高原GlobAlbedo地表反照率的精度分析显示文摘为了分析欧洲航天局多星观测数据联合反演的全球地表反照率产品Glob Albedo在青藏高原的反演精度,促进其在青藏高原地—气相互作用研究中的应用,利用藏北高原BJ站和西大滩站观测的上行和下行太阳短波辐射资料,对比分析了Glob Albedo的精度,并与MODIS地表反照率产品MCD43B3进行了比较。结果表明:空间分辨率1 km的Glob Albedo短波波段(0.3~5.0μm)的地表反照率与地面观测结果总体上具有较好的一致性,但是精度受积雪覆盖比例的影响较大。积雪覆盖比例〈0.1时,Glob Albedo短波波段的地表反照率与高质量地面观测结果的均方根误差介于0.0100~0.0218,Glob Albedo的精度完全能够满足气候和陆面模式的精度要求。反之,它们的均方根误差介于0.0252~0.1461,存在较大的不确定性。对比Glob Albedo和MCD43B3,前者的精度略高于后者:Glob Albedo短波波段地表反照率与高质量地面观测结果的均方根误差介于0.0195~0.0959,MCD43B3短波波段地表反照率与高质量地面观测结果的均方根误差介于0.0273~0.1269。 | 陈爱军 周婵 卞林根 刘玉洁 | 2016 | 高原气象2016，35，4： | 6 |
| 6 | Effect of species composition on ecosystem services in European boreal forest显示文摘Forest management in several boreal countries is strongly focused on conifers because they are more productive,the technical quality of their stems is better,and their wood fibers are longer as compared to broadleaves.Favoring conifers in forest management leads to simple forest structures with low resilience and diversity.Such forests are risky in the face of climate change and fluctuating timber prices.Climate change increases the vitality of many forest pests and pathogens such as Heterobasidion spp.and Ips typographus L.which attack mainly spruce.Wind damages are also increasing because of a shorter period of frozen soil to provide a firm anchorage against storms.Wind-thrown trees serve as starting points for bark beetle outbreaks.Increasing the proportion of broadleaved species might alleviate some of these problems.This study predicts the long-term(150 years) consequences of current conifer-oriented forest management in two forest areas,and compared this management with silvicultural strategies that promote mixed forests and broadleaved species.The results show that,in the absence of damages,conifer-oriented forestry would lead to 5–10% higher timber yields and carbon sequestration.The somewhat lower carbon sequestration of broadleaved forests was counteracted by their higher albedo(reflectance).Mixed and broadleafforests were better providers of recreational amenities.Species diversity was much higher in mixed stand and broadleaf-oriented silviculture at stand and forest levels.The analysis indicates that conifer-oriented forest management produces rather small and uncertain economic benefits at a high cost in resilience and diversity. | Timo Pukkala | 2018 | Journal of Forestry Research2018，29，2： | 6 |
| 7 | Calculation of Solar Albedo and Radiation Equilibrium over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and Analysisof Their Climatic Features显示文摘Using radiation data from the Automatic Weather Stations (AWSs) for thermal balance observations, which were set up at Lhasa, Nagqu, Xigaze and Nyingchi by the Sino-Japanese Asian Monsoon Mechanism Co-operative Project in 1993-1996, and 1985-1989 Earth Radiation Balance Experiment (ERBE) measurements of Langley Research Center / NASA of US, and 1961-1996 monthly mean data from 148 surface stations over the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau (QXP) and its neighborhood, study is performed on empirical calculation methods of surface albedo, surface total radiation, planetary a lbedo and outgoing longwave radiation with the climatic features of radiation balance at the surface and the atmospheric top examined. Evidences suggest that the empirical formulae for surface albedo, planetary albedo, surface total radiation and outgoing longwave radiation from the atmospheric top are capable of describing their seasonal and interannual variations over the QXP. The surface albedo is marked by noticeable seasonal variation and yearly mean of 0.22 with the maximum of 0.29 in January and minimum of 0. 17 in July and August; In winter the albedo has great horizontal difference, bigger in the mountains than in the river valleys, and small in summer, The planetary albedo shows a smaller range of its annual variation with the yearly mean of 0.37. the maximum (minimum) occurring in February and March (autumn). In winter its high-value regions are mainly at Gar (Shiquanhe) in the western QXP and from the southwestern Qinghai to the northeastern Tibet and the low-value area at the northern slope of the central Himalayas; in summer, however, the albedo distribution displays clearly a progressive decrease from southeast to northwest, As for the surface total radiation, its values and annual varying range are smaller in tile east than in the southwest, its high-value center is at the southern slope of the Himalayas in winter and makes a conspicuous westward migration in spring, remaining there for a long time, and it begins to retreat eastward in autumn. Monthly mean values of the surface net radiation are all positive and larger in summer than in winter. The net radiation is significantly intensified under the combined effect of surface total radiation and surface albedo from spring to early summer, resulting in the strongest sector in the mid plateau with its center staying nearly motionless from March to September, and is reduced in autumn dominantly by surface effective radiation. The earth-atmosphere system loses heat outward from October to next February and gains in other months. On an average, the plateau gains heat of 15 W m-2 on an annual basis. | 赵平 陈隆勋 | 2000 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2000，17，1： | 6 |
| 8 | Light-absorbing impurities on Keqikaer Glacier in western Tien Shan: concentrations and potential impact on albedo reduction显示文摘Light-absorbing impurities on glaciers are important factors that influence glacial surface albedo and accelerate glacier melt. In this study, the quantity of light-absorbing impurities on Keqikaer Glacier in western Tien Shan, Central Asia, was measured. We found that the average concentrations of black carbon was 2,180 ng/g, with a range from 250 ng/g to more than 10,000 ng/g. The average concentrations of organic carbon and mineral dust were 1,738 ng/g and 194 μg/g, respectively. Based on simulations performed with the Snow Ice Aerosol Radiative model simulations, black carbon and dust are responsible for approximately 64% and 9%, respectively, of the albedo reduction, and are associated with instantaneous radiative forcing of 323.18 W/m2(ranging from 142.16 to 619.25 W/m2) and 24.05 W/m2(ranging from 0.15 to69.77 W/m2), respectively. For different scenarios, the albedo and radiative forcing effect of black carbon is considerably greater than that of dust. The estimated radiative forcing at Keqikaer Glacier is higher than most similar values estimated by previous studies on the Tibetan Plateau, perhaps as a result of black carbon enrichment by melt scavenging. Light-absorbing impurities deposited on Keqikaer Glacier appear to mainly originate from central Asia, Siberia, western China(including the Taklimakan Desert) and parts of South Asia in summer, and from the Middle East and Central Asia in winter.A footprint analysis indicates that a large fraction(>60%) of the black carbon contributions on Keqikaer Glacier comes from anthropogenic sources. These results provide a scientific basis for regional mitigation efforts to reduce black carbon. | YuLan Zhang ShiChang Kang Min Xu Michael Sprenger TanGuang Gao ZhiYuan Cong ChaoLiu Li JunMing Guo ZhiQiang Xu Yang Li Gang Li XiaoFei Li YaJun Liu HaiDong Han | 2017 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2017，9，2： | 4 |
| 9 | 基于归一化植被指数和地表反照率的土地沙漠化遥感监测研究显示文摘目的对土地沙漠化状况进行监测和评价,研究土地沙漠化变化及趋势预测,为恢复植被覆盖和改善生态环境提供依据.方法以新疆昌吉为研究区域,采用Landsat遥感影像,经过预处理后通过提取归一化植被指数和地表反照率的空间特征,获取沙漠化差值指数,分析与评价新疆昌吉地区的沙漠化程度.结果新疆昌吉地区2011年沙漠面积为62.29%,裸地面积为26.97%;2013年沙漠面积为59.92%,裸地面积为28.59%;2015年的沙漠面积为77.73%,裸地面积为18.14%.2011—2013年,沙漠化差值指数增大,沙漠面积减少;2013—2015年,沙漠化差值指数显著减小,土地沙漠化面积大幅度增加;沙漠化等级由中度沙漠化演变为轻度沙漠化,又由轻度沙漠化变为重度沙漠化.结论沙漠化差值指数与沙漠化等级呈负相关性,DDI可正确地反映土地沙漠化的变化情况. | 刘茂华 邵悦 李雪欣 | 2019 | 沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版)2019，35，3： | 4 |
| 10 | 黄河三角洲NDVI与Albedo时空分布规律显示文摘采用MODIS科学组L3级产品,详细分析了黄河三角洲地区NDVI和Albedo的时空分布规律,结果表明:①该产品具备相当高的精度,基本反映了研究区的植被覆盖和地表反照率的变化规律,并与土地利用变化情况吻合较好;②MODIS地表反照率对黄河三角洲地区具有一定的适用性;③黄河三角洲地区人类活动特别是农业耕作的季节性更替对NDVI的年内变化影响显著;④黄河三角洲地区的Albedo也具有明显的季节性变化,但其变化规律要比NDVI复杂得多。 | 李发鹏 徐宗学 | 2008 | 人民黄河2008，30，2： | 4 |
| 11 | Estimation of the parameter error propagation in inversion based BRDF observations at single sun position显示文摘In multiangular remote sensing observations, the variable range of the solar zenith angle (SZN) is narrow. We takes the linear kernel-driven model as an example to analyze the parameter error propagation in inversion by using the observations at single sun position and to show that in such case it is unreliable to invert the BRDF tendency with SZN. To improve the algorithm, we suggest adding certain constraint for the changing trend of albedo with SZN in the model inversion. | 李小文 高峰 王锦地 A.H.Strahler W.Lucht C.Schaaf | 2000 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2000，43，S1： | 4 |
| 12 | Uncertainty assessment of potential evapotranspiration in arid areas, as estimated by the Penman-Monteith method显示文摘The Penman-Monteith(PM)method is the most widely used technique to estimate potential worldwide evapotranspiration.However,current research shows that there may be significant errors in the application of this method in arid areas,although questions remain as to the degree of this estimation error and how different surface conditions may affect the estimation error.To address these issues,we evaluated the uncertainty of the PM method under different underlying conditions in an arid area of Northwest China by analyzing data from 84 meteorological stations and various Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)products,including land surface temperature and surface albedo.First,we found that when the PM method used air temperature to calculate the slope of the saturation vapor pressure curve,it significantly overestimated the potential evapotranspiration;the mean annual and July–August overestimation was 83.9 and 36.7 mm,respectively.Second,the PM method usually set the surface albedo to a fixed value,which led to the potential evapotranspiration being underestimated;the mean annual underestimation was 27.5 mm,while the overestimation for July to August was 5.3 mm.Third,the PM method significantly overestimated the potential evapotranspiration in the arid area.This difference in estimation was closely related to the underlying surface conditions.For the entire arid zone,the PM method overestimated the potential evapotranspiration by 33.7 mm per year,with an overestimation of 29.0 mm from July to August.The most significant overestimation was evident in the mountainous and plain nonvegetation areas,in which the annual mean overestimation reached 5%and 10%,respectively;during July,there was an estimation of 10%and 20%,respectively.Although the annual evapotranspiration of the plains with better vegetation coverage was slightly underestimated,overestimation still occurred in July and August,with a mean overestimation of approximately 5%.In order to estimate potential evapotranspiration in the arid zone,it is important that we identify a reasonable parameter with which to calibrate the PM formula,such as the slope of the saturation vapor pressure curve,and the surface albedo.We recommend that some parameters must be corrected when using PM in order to estimate potential evapotranspiration in arid regions. | HUA Ding HAO Xingming ZHANG Ying QIN Jingxiu | 2020 | Journal of Arid Land2020，12，1： | 4 |
| 13 | Simulation of East Asian Summer Monsoon by Using an Improved AGCM显示文摘SimulationofEastAsianSummerMonsoonbyUsinganImprovedAGCM①LinZhaohui(林朝辉)ZengQingcun(曾庆存)InstituteofAtmosphericPhysics,ChineseA?.. | 林朝辉 曾庆存 | 1997 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences1997，14，4： | 4 |
| 14 | 基于ΔT_s-Albedo光谱信息的土壤水分监测新指数研究显示文摘土壤水分的遥感监测在农业干旱和水资源管理方面具有重要的意义。利用MODIS反射率和温度产品来获取地表昼夜温差(ΔTs)和宽波段反照率(Albedo),构建ΔTs-Albedo光谱特征空间,提出温差-反照率干旱指数(temperature difference albedo drought index,TDADI)用来监测土壤水分,并利用宁夏实测0~10cm平均土壤含水量数据验证该指数的精度,结果表明:它们之间的相关性较好,R2变化范围为0.36~0.52。TDADI与TADI相比,该指数具有更高的土壤水分监测精度。然而,由于数据获取的局限性,只采用了宁夏平原数据对TDADI进行验证,在其他区域仍需要进一步验证。 | 姚云军 秦其明 赵少华 沈心一 随欣欣 | 2011 | 光谱学与光谱分析2011，31，6： | 3 |
| 15 | High Elevation Energy and Water Balance:the Roles of Surface Albedo and Temperature显示文摘Observation and modeling of the coupled energy and water balance is the key to understand hydrospheric and cryospheric processes at high elevation.The paper summarizes the progress to address this aspect in relation with different earth system elements,from glaciers to wetlands.The energy budget of two glaciers,i.e.Xiao Dongkemadi and Parlung No.4,was studied by means of extended field measurements and a distributed model of the coupled energy and mass balance was developed and evaluated.The need for accurate characterization of surface albedo was further documented for the entire Qinghai Tibet Plateau by numerical experiments with Weather Research and Forecast(WRF)on the sensitivity of the atmospheric boundary layer to the parameterization of land surface processes.A new approach to the calibration of a coupled distributed watershed model of the energy and water balance was demonstrated by a case study on the Heihe River Basin in northwestern China.The assimilation of land surface temperature did lead to the retrieval of critical soil and vegetation properties as the soil permeability and the canopy resistance to the exchange of vapour and carbon dioxide.The retrievals of actual Evapo-Transpiration(ET)were generated by the ETMonitor system and evaluated against eddy covariance measurements at sites spread throughout Asia.As regards glacier response to climate variability,the combined findings based on satellite data and model experiments showed that the spatial variability of surface albedo and temperature is significant and controls both glacier mass balance and flow.Experiments with both atmospheric and hydrosphere-cryosphere models documented the need and advantages of using accurate retrievals of land surface albedo to capture lan-atmosphere interactions at high elevation. | Massimo MENENTI Li JIA Marco MANCINI Xin LI Francesca PELLICCIOTTI Kun YANG Jiancheng SHI Maria Jose ESCORIHUELA Chiara CORBARI Shaoting REN Chunfeng MA Chaolei ZHENG Lian LIU Thomas SHAW Baohong DING Wei YANG | 2020 | Journal of Geodesy and Geoinformation Science2020，3，4： | 3 |
| 16 | ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PLANETARY AND SURFACE ALBEDO:MODEL'S COMPARISON AND VALIDATION显示文摘The simple linear relationship between clear-sky planetary and surface albedo can be adopted forcertain accuracy.There are different parameterization schemes of atmospheric correction for differentretrieval models.In this paper,several representative retrieval models are compared and tested withobservational data from HEIhe basin Field Experiment (HEIFE) in western China.Some evaluationsand suggestions on improvement are proposed for models which would be more applicable to plateauand arid areas. | 钟强 吴艾笙 | 1995 | Acta meteorologica Sinica1995，9，4： | 3 |
| 17 | Radiation balance and the response of albedo to environmental factors above two alpine ecosystems in the eastern Tibetan Plateau显示文摘Understanding the energy balance on the Tibetan Plateau is important for better prediction of global climate change. To characterize the energy balance on the Plateau, we examined the radiation balance and the response of albedo to environmental factors above an alpine meadow and an alpine wetland surfaces in the eastern Tibetan Plateau, using 2014 data. Although our two sites belong to the same climatic background, and are close geographically, the annual incident solar radiation at the alpine meadow site(6,447 MJ/(m2·a)) was about 1.1 times that at the alpine wetland site(6,012 MJ/(m2·a)),due to differences in the cloudiness between our two sites. The alpine meadow and the alpine wetland emitted about 38%and 42%, respectively, of annual incident solar radiation back into atmosphere in the form of net longwave radiation; and they reflected about 22% and 18%, respectively, of the annual incident solar radiation back into atmosphere in the form of shortwave radiation. The annual net radiation was 2,648 and 2,544 MJ/(m2·a) for the alpine meadow site and the alpine wetland site, respectively, accounting for only about 40% of the annual incident solar radiation, significantly lower than the global mean. At 30-min scales, surface albedo exponentially decreases with the increase of the solar elevation angle; and it linearly decreases with the increase of soil-water content for our two sites. But those relationships are significantly influenced by cloudiness and are site-specific. | ShaoYing Wang Yu Zhang ShiHua Lyu LunYu Shang YouQi Su HanHui Zhu | 2017 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2017，9，2： | 2 |
| 18 | 利用NDVI-Albedo反演厦门后溪流域地表特征显示文摘利用TM影像与6S模型反演获得精确NDVI与Albedo数据,在NDVI-Albedo散点图空间综合分析了后溪流域的植被和地表反照率空间分布特征。后溪流域整体上植被丰富,土壤湿度大,裸地少,并且流域内南北地表特征变化显著,北部山区以自然地表为主,南部平原以建设用地人工地表为主。南北地表类型差异在NDVI-Albedo空间中表现直观,利用NDVI-Albedo作为指示因子,在流域内的山区平原衔接部位设置13条样带,结合小波分析的方法,将后溪流域南北划分,确定出一条长12.26 km的地表分界线。此分界线代表南北不同地表类型,反映不同的城镇化水平与人类活动强度,为流域因地制宜分区管理提供了基础数据与依据。 | 王豪伟 王翠平 董仁才 | 2011 | 环境科学与技术2011，34，S2： | 2 |
| 19 | Physical and optical characteristics of sea ice in the Pacific Arctic Sector during the summer of 2018显示文摘The reduction in Arctic sea ice in summer has been reported to have a significant impact on the global climate.In this study,Arctic sea ice/snow at the end of the melting season in 2018 was investigated during CHINARE-2018,in terms of its temperature,salinity,density and textural structure,the snow density,water content and albedo,as well as morphology and albedo of the refreezing melt pond.The interior melting of sea ice caused a strong stratification of temperature,salinity and density.The temperature of sea ice ranged from–0.8℃ to 0℃,and exhibited linear cooling with depth.The average salinity and density of sea ice were approximately 1.3 psu and 825 kg/m3,respectively,and increased slightly with depth.The first-year sea ice was dominated by columnar grained ice.Snow cover over all the investigated floes was in the melt phase,and the average water content and density were 0.74%and 241 kg/m3,respectively.The thickness of the thin ice lid ranged from 2.2 cm to 7.0 cm,and the depth of the pond ranged from 1.8 cm to 26.8 cm.The integrated albedo of the refreezing melt pond was in the range of 0.28–0.57.Because of the thin ice lid,the albedo of the melt pond improved to twice as high as that of the mature melt pond.These results provide a reference for the current state of Arctic sea ice and the mechanism of its reduction. | Xiaowei Cao Peng Lu Ruibo Lei Qingkai Wang Zhijun Li | 2020 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2020，39，9： | 2 |
| 20 | Understanding the attributes of the dual oasis effect in an arid region using remote sensing and observational data显示文摘Investigating the attributes of the dual oasis effect and oasis–desert interactions is crucial for understanding the climatic and ecological effects of oases.In this study,oasis effect intensity(OEI)was used as an indicator to investigate the factors that contribute to the dual oasis effect.The oasis effect has two attributes:the surface oasis heating effect(OHE)occurred in winter,while the oasis cooling effect(OCE)occurred in the other three seasons,especially in summer.During the day,the OEI of the whole oasis was−12.8℃,−5.2℃,and−4.5℃ in summer,spring,and autumn,respectively,which indicated a strong OCE;and OEI was 0.5℃ in winter,which indicated a weaker OHE.In arid regions,the OCE dominated most of the time,but the OHE occurred in winter and cannot be ignored.In addition,through statistical analysis and energy balance analysis,high evapotranspiration of the oasis was the main factor leading to the occurrence of OCE in the summer,while low albedo to the occurrence of OHE in winter. | Qiang Bie Yaowen Xie Xiaoyun Wang Baocheng Wei Lei He Hanming Duan Ju Wang | 2020 | Ecosystem Health and Sustainability2020，6，1： | 2 |
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