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| 1 | MdATG18a overexpression improves basal thermotolerance in transgenic apple by decreasing damage to chloroplasts显示文摘High temperature is an abiotic stress factor that threatens plant growth and development.Autophagy in response to heat stress involves the selective removal of heat-induced protein complexes.Previously,we showed that a crucial autophagy protein from apple,MdATG18a,has a positive effect on drought tolerance.In the present study,we treated transgenic apple(Malus domestica)plants overexpressing MdATG18a with high temperature and found that autophagy protected them from heat stress.Overexpression of MdATG18a in apple enhanced antioxidase activity and contributed to the production of increased beneficial antioxidants under heat stress.Transgenic apple plants exhibited higher photosynthetic capacity,as shown by the rate of CO_(2) assimilation,the maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II(PSII),the effective quantum yield,and the electron transport rates in photosystems I and II(PSI and PSII,respectively).We also detected elevated autophagic activity and reduced damage to chloroplasts in transgenic plants compared to WT plants.In addition,the transcriptional activities of several HSP genes were increased in transgenic apple plants.In summary,we propose that autophagy plays a critical role in basal thermotolerance in apple,primarily through a combination of enhanced antioxidant activity and reduced chloroplast damage. | Liuqing Huo Xun Sun Zijian Guo Xin Jia Runmin Che Yiming Sun Yanfei Zhu Ping Wang Xiaoqing Gong Fengwang Ma | 2020 | Horticulture Research2020，7，1： | 9 |
| 2 | The Modified Envelope Orography and the Air Flow over and around Mountains显示文摘By use of the two-layer adiabatic globe spectral model and the zonally averaged climatic data of winter season as initial values, 10-day integrations are carried out based on three kinds of model topography (i.e., (1) the averaged topography; (2) the envelope topography; (3) the modified envelope topography). The results show that the orography of the Northern Hemisphere plays an important role in the simulation of large-scale weather patterns in winter season. The simulation based on the envelope topography developed by Wallace et al. has some improvements in the Rocky Mountains area. But this scheme causes very serious horizontal expansion around the Tibetan Plateau (hereafter referred to as the TV). A modified envelope topography scheme has been worked out that increases the slope of the TP by decreasing the horizontal expansion while keeping the maximum altitude. The results show some improvements of the scheme around the TP. By analysis of the mechanical effects of the large-scale orography on | 李龙 朱抱真 | 1990 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences1990，7，3： | 7 |
| 3 | A SIMPLE PROOF OF THE INEQUALITY FFD (L)≤11/9 OPT(L)+1, ■L FOR THE FFD BIN-PACKING ALGORITHM显示文摘The first fit decreasing (FFD) heuristic algorithm is one of the most famous and moststudied methods for an approximative solution of the bin-packing problem. For a list L, letOPT(L) denote the minimal number of bins into which L can be packed, and let FFD(L)denote the number of bins used by FFD. Johnson showed that for every list L, FFD(L)≤11/9OPT(L)+4. His proof required more than 100 pages. Later, Baker gave a much shorterand simpler proof for FFD(L)≤11/9OPT(L)+3. His proof required 22 pages. In this paper,we give a proof for FFD(L)≤11/9 OPT(L)+1. The proof is much simpler than the previousones. | 越民义 | 1991 | Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica1991，7，4： | 6 |
| 4 | Wet Pressing Models to Reduce Energy Consumption in Papermaking显示文摘Improved wet pressing reduces the need for drying and consequently energy needed in papermaking. Accordingly, it is desirable to optimize wet pressing, but the process is very complex with many interacting variables. It is therefore desirable to employ a mathematical model that accounts for the major variables to estimate the effects of changes in equipment and operating variables. This paper descibes such a model called the Decreasing Permeability Model (DPM). Mill and pilot plant applications over a wide range of basis weights for paper and paper board are described. | J.David McDonald Richard J.Kerekes Joe R.Zhao | 2019 | Paper And Biomaterials2019，4，1： | 5 |
| 5 | Variability in Latent Heat Flux over the Tropical Pacific in Association with Recent Two ENSO Events显示文摘This paper analyzed the variations of latent heat flux (LHF) over the tropical Pacific in the period 1978-1988 by using COADS (Comprehensive Ocean and Atmospheric Data Set). It has been founded that the interannual variabili ty of LHF exhibits strong ENSO signal, with the significant increasing LHF during the recent two warm events, i.e., 1982 / 83 and 1986 / 87 and decreasing LHF in the cold episodes. However the longitudinal distribution of the LHF departures varies from event to event. In the eastern Pacific, the specific humidity difference at air-sea interface (qs -qa) makes a dominant contribution to the interannual variability of LHF ( r = 0.73 ), while in the western Pacific the surface wind speed, W and the qs - qa make nearly equal contribution to that of LHF. | 符淙斌 Henry Diaz 范慧君 | 1992 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences1992，9，3： | 3 |
| 6 | OZONE VALLEY OVER TIBETAN PLATEAU显示文摘We analysed the atmospheric total column ozone temporal and spatial distributions,by us-ing the USA Nimbus Satellite TOMS data provided by the Goddard Space Flight Center ofNASA,USA.We ploted the monthly mean total column ozone distributions over China by theaveraged data from 1979 to 1991,and found that the atmospheric total column ozone | 周秀骥 罗超 | 1994 | Acta meteorologica Sinica1994，8，4： | 2 |
| 7 | Conceptual design and simulation analysis of thermal behaviors of TGR blast furnace and oxygen blast furnace显示文摘Extensive use of carbon based fuel is the main inducement for global warming and more extreme weather.Reducing carbon dioxide emission and enhancing energy use is a common subject in steel industry.In the integrated steel plant,decreasing carbon dioxide emission must consider energy balance in the whole iron and steel works,and secondary energy must be actively utilized.As promising blast-furnaces,top gas recovery blast furnace(TGR-BF) and oxygen blast furnace have been investigated.In this paper,conceptual TGR blast furnace and oxygen blast furnace are proposed.Base on the idea of blast furnace gas de-CO2 circulating as reducing agent and the idea of pure oxygen blast decreasing the thermal reserve zone temperature,process modeling is conducted with ASPEN Plus.It is shown that the developed model reasonably describes the energy balance and mass balance feature of the furnace,and provides basic thermodynamic condition for furnaces.The effects of changes in different operation conditions are studied by sensitivity analysis and reference data from simulation. | ZHANG Hui1,2,LI HuiQuan1,TANG Qing1 & BAO WeiJun1 1 National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology,Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China 2 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China | 2010 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2010，53，1： | 2 |
| 8 | Structural effects of multiple-bonds on aggregating tendencies of long-chain esters显示文摘The kinetics of the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl esters of three types of single-chain carbo-xylic acids, namely, saturated, olefinic and acetylenic, was investigated in two aquiorgano binary sol-vent systems, DMSO-H2O and dioxane (DX)-H2O. The ester probes used are: octanoie (C8), do-decanoic (C12), stearic (C18), oleic (C18-ol), elaidic (C18-el) and stearolic (C18-st). The order ofmeasured CAgC values is: C18-ol>C18-el>C18>C18-st, whereas the order of decreasing magnitudeof the observed hydrolytic rate constants of the monomeric species (km) is: C18 >C18-el>C18-ol>C18-st. These rather unanticipated results are discussed. | JIANG, Xi-Kui* JI, Guo-Zhen* LUO, Guang-Lin, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Ling-Ling Lu, Shanghai 200032 | 1991 | Chinese Journal of Chemistry1991，9，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Longitudinally profiled plate leveling theory based on linear decreasing leveling scheme显示文摘An an alytical model based on linear decreasi ng leveli ng scheme was proposed to inv estigate the longitu din ally profiled plate leveling process.Considering the variable cross-sectional thickness of longitudinally profiled plate and the dynamic reductions in leveling rolls,the reduction models of upper and lower rolls,the leveling force model and the leveling moment model were established,respectively,based on linear decreasing leveling scheme.Moreover,the finite element model of longitudinally profiled plate leveling process was established based on ABAQUS.Then,the total displacements of upper and lower rolls,the leveling force and the stress distribution of longifudinally profiled plate in the leveling process were calculated.To verify the validity of the proposed models,calculated leveling forces were compared with the measured values,and very good agreements are found.Calculated results show that linear decreasing leveling scheme is suitable for leveling longitudinally profiled plate. | Jian-liang Sun Xing-ming Du Kai Li Yan Peng | 2019 | Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International)2019，26，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Rapid decrease in Antarctic sea ice in recent years显示文摘A 41-year Antarctic sea ice concentration(SIC)dataset derived from satellite passive microwave radiometers during the period of 1979–2019 has been used to analyze sea ice changes in recent decades.The trends of SIC and sea ice extent(SIE)are calculated during the periods of 1979–2019,1979–2013,and 2014–2019.The trends show regionally dependent features.The SIC shows an increasing trend in most of the regions except the Bellingshausen Sea and Amundsen Sea(BA)during 1979–2019 and 1979–2013.The SIE trend shows a decreasing or decelerating trend in the period of 1979–2019((6835±2210)km^(2)/a)compared with the 1979–2013 period((18600±2203)km^(2)/a).In recent years(2014–2019),the SIC and SIE have exhibited decreasing trends(–(34567±3521)km^(2)/month),especially in the Weddell Sea(WS)and Ross Sea(RS)during summer and autumn.The trends are related to regionally dependent causes.The analyses show that the SIC and SIE decreased in response to the warming trend of 2 m air temperature(T_(a-2m))and have exhibited a good relationship with T_(a-2m) in summer and autumn in recent years.The sea ice decrease in the Antarctic is mainly caused by increases in absorbed energy and southward energy transportation in recent years,such as the increase in gained solar radiation and moist static energy from the south,which demonstrate notable regional characteristics.In the WS region,the local positive feedback from the additional absorbed solar radiation,resulting in warmer air and reduced sea ice,is the main reason for the sea ice decrease in recent years.The increase in southward energy transport has also favored a decrease in sea ice.In the RS region,the increase in southward-transported moist static energy has contributed to the decrease in sea ice,and the increases in cloud cover and longwave radiation have prevented sea ice growth. | Guanghua Hao Hui Shen Yongming Sun Chunhua Li | 2021 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2021，40，7： | 1 |
| 11 | HOW SMALL ARE THE INCREMENTS OF A 2-PARAMETER WIENER PROCESS?显示文摘Many authors have discussed how large the increments of a Wiener process can be and also investigated how small the increments of a 1-parameter Wiener process can be. But there had not been seen an exhaustive study of the question 'how small are the | 陆传荣 | 1990 | Chinese Science Bulletin1990，35，12： | 1 |
| 12 | Linear free energy relationships between reaction rate constants and equilibrium constants of complex compounds——III. Kinetics and mechanisms of ternary complex formation between (5-X-1, 10-phenanthroline)copper(II) and threonine显示文摘The kinetics of ternary complex formation involving Cu(5-X-1, 10-phen) and threonine(CuAL, A=5-X-1, 10-phen; L=threonine or represented by O-N; X=NO2, Cl, H, CH3) has beenstudied by temperature-jump and stopped-flow methods. The formation rate constants, kf(M-1.s-1),for the complexation reaction, CuA + LCuAL, are as follows; X=NO2, 8.68×108; X=Cl,7.13×108; X=H, 6.12×108; X=CH3, 5.42×108. The rate constants for zwitterion attack arenil within experimental error. It has been found that a linear free energy relationship exists betweenthe stability(logKCuALCuA of the complexes CuAL and log kf as follows: IogKCuALCuA=0.13 + 0.83 logkf,r=0.99. It suggested that the formation rate governed the stability of the ternary complexes. Therates of formation of the ternary complexes increased with decreasing electron-donating propertyof the substituents. A linear relationship was found to exist as expressed by the following equation:log(kfR/kFO) = 0.097σ, r=0.96. A mechanism involves a rapid equilibrium between CuA and Lfollowed by a slow ring closure of L. | CHEN Rong-Ti (Y. T. Chen)* ZHANG Qi-Yan LI Yue-Jin**, Department of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin Department of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin | 1989 | Acta Chimica Sinica English Edition1989，7，4： | 1 |
| 13 | 一种自负载降速率包列可用带宽测量算法显示文摘基于自负载周期流技术,提出一种采用降速率包列的可用带宽测量方法SLDRT(self-loading decreasing rate train),并全面分析了该算法在多跳网络、突发性背景流的环境下的性能.SLDRT采用单条包列即可实现对可用带宽的高速测量,具备单次采样、准确测量的特性,可通过调整递减因子等参数,提高测量精度,降低测量负载.理论分析和不同背景流场景下的实验结果表明:在多跳、突发性背景流下,SLDRT具有较强的健壮性;与pathChirp,Pathload算法相比,不仅测量精度优良,而且大量缩短了测量时间,减轻了因测量而引入的额外负载. | 张大陆 胡治国 朱安奇 张俊生 | 2012 | 软件学报2012，23，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Mineralogy and Mode of Occurrence of Gold, Silver and Bismuth of the Caijiaying Lead-Zine-Silver Deposit, Hebei Province显示文摘The deposit under study is a hydrothermal filling-metasomatic vein type lead-zinc-silver deposit, in whichgold and silver can be recovered as by-products. These metals mainly occur as microgranular native gold,electrum, stephanite, acanthite, pyraragyrite, freibergite, and native silver. Gold minerals tend to be associatedwith galenobismutite, native bismuth and unnamed Bi2Te. They are either enclosed in pyrite, marmatite,iron-bearing sphalerite and galens or fill the microfissures of these minerals. Silver minerals usually occur incleavages or fissures of galena, marmatite and pyrite, but are not associated with gold and bismuth minerals.Gold and silver mineralizations occurred later than lead and zinc, while the silver mineralization was precededby that of gold. | Huang Dianhao Ding Xiaoshi Wu Chengyu Zhang Changjiang Institute of Mineral Deposits, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing Geological Party No.3, Hebei Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Zhang jiakou, Hebei Fei Zhenbi | 1991 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)1991，65，4： | 0 |
| 15 | LASER SURFACE ALLOYING OF 45 CARBON STEEL WITH Cr AND Mo显示文摘Laser Surface alloying is a process, in which a high-power laser beam is used to scan across the surface of a material, thus forming a melting zone, and then some alloying elements are spread into the melting pool to yield an alloying layer with characteristic properties on the surface of this material. We have studied the laser surface alloying technique and the properties of the alloying layer for 45 carbon steel with the elements Cr and Mo and obtained some useful data. | 马咸尧 陶曾毅 | 1990 | Chinese Science Bulletin1990，35，9： | 0 |
| 16 | The impact of telmisartan on angiotensin converting enzyme 2 mRNA expression in monocyte-derived macrophages of diabetic hypertensive patients显示文摘Objective To investigate the effects of telmisartan on the expression of angiotensin converting enzyme 2(ACE2) mRNA in monocyte-derived macrophages of hypertensive patients accompanied with diabetes. Methods 62 essential hypertensive patients accompanied | 李永勤 | 2013 | China Medical Abstracts(Internal Medicine)2013，30，1： | 0 |
| 17 | HYDROGEN DISPLACEMENT OF CHEMISORBED CO FROM THE Ni(100) SURFACE显示文摘We report the first observation of hydrogen induced displacement of chemisorbed CO from the Ni(100) surface. This displacement is unexpected since the heat of adsorption for CO is 126 kJ/mole, about 30 kJ/mole larger than the 96 kJ/mole heat of adsorption for hydrogen, Rates of displacement were measured by Fluorescence Yield Near Edge Spectroscopy (FYNES) and Temperature Programmed Desorption (TPD). Excellent agreement is observed between both methods. Hydrogen pressures in the 10-4 to 10-1 Torr range cause displacement of chemisorbed CO in the 270 to 330 K temperature range in a matter of minutes. The displacement reaction is clearly positive order in CO coverage. The CO coverage data suggested two first order reaction regions with a decrease in rate with decreasing coverage. Displacement is about half order in hydrogen pressure. The activation energy for the high coverage displacement rate is approximately 29±4 kJ/mole while the activation energy for the low coverage displacement rate about | Shen Shikong(Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000. China)John L. Gland (Corporate Research, Exxon R. & E. Co., Annandale, NJ 08801)Dan A. Fisher (NSLS-Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY 11973)Francisco Zaera (Chemistry Dept., University of California/ Riverside, CA 92521) | 1990 | 分子催化1990，4，S1： | 0 |
| 18 | CHARACTERISTIC CURVES OF M-H AND COEXISTENCE OF MAGNETISM WITH SUPERCONDUCTIVITY FOR HIGH T_c SUPERCONDUCTORS REBa_2Cu_3OT_(7-x)显示文摘Some high Tc superconductors REBa2Cu3O7-x(RE=Sm,Eu,Gd,Dy,Ho,Er,Tm) with zero resist-ance temperatures were about 90K have been prepared.The effect of magnetic rare earth ions on the transi-tion temperatures is not very great,but their magnetic behaviours are different from each other.Themagnetization loops of these compounds have been measured at 77K.The coexistence of superconductivitywith magnetic ordering (COSM) found in the samples with RE=Gd,Dy,Ho,Er,Tm,indicates that thereare two possible ways of coexistence in the samples.These expertments show that the relation ofparamagnetism to the atomtc number of rare earth elements for these superconductors is similar to that ofrare earth ions in some paramagnetic salt crystals,which indicates that the magnetism of the samples origi-nates from the local magnetic moments of rare earth ions.In some samples there is antiferromagnetie orderingat low temperatures,and the effective Bohr magneton numbers are consistent with that of free rare earth ions.Some superconducting parameters including the critical current density are calculated according toGinzburg-Landau theory and the critical state model. | 孙长勇 苏文辉 刘宏建 周建十 王法堂 张裕普 | 1990 | Journal of Rare Earths1990，8，2： | 0 |
| 19 | TWO THEOREMS ON MONOTONE FUNCTIONS显示文摘Ⅰ The following two theorems on monotone functions have been proved recently by Prof. Chuang. Theorem A. Suppose that a positive function f(x) is monotone non-decreasing in an interval x ≥ x0 with the property lim f(x) = ∞. Let α, β be two numbers satis- | 王斯雷 | 1983 | Chinese Science Bulletin1983，28，8： | 0 |
| 20 | A FIXED POINT THEOREM FOR DECREASING OPERATORS WITH ITS APPLICATIONS显示文摘Let operator A:P→P, where P is a cone in real Banach space E. A is called decreasing, if θ≤x≤y implies Ax≥Ay, where θ denotes the null-element of E. A is called condensing, if it is continuous and bounded. And, for | 郭大钧 | 1985 | Chinese Science Bulletin1985，30，11： | 0 |
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