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| 1 | Update on ischemia-reperfusion injury in kidney transplantation: Pathogenesis and treatment显示文摘Ischemia/reperfusion injury is an unavoidable relevant consequence after kidney transplantation and influences short term as well as long-term graft outcome. Clinically ischemia/reperfusion injury is associated with delayed graft function, graft rejection, chronic rejection and chronic graft dysfunction. Ischemia/reperfusion affects many regulatory systems at the cellular level as well as in the renal tissue that result in a distinct inflammatory reaction of the kidney graft. Underlying factors of ischemia reperfusion include energy metabolism, cellular changes of the mitochondria and cellular membranes, initiation of different forms of cell death-like apoptosis and necrosis together with a recently discovered mixed form termed necroptosis. Chemokines and cytokines together with other factors promote the inflammatory response leading to activation of the innate immune system as well as the adaptive immune system. If the inflammatory reaction continues within the graft tissue, a progressive interstitial fibrosis develops that impacts long-term graft outcome. It is of particular importance in kidney transplantation to understand the underlying mechanisms and effects of ischemia/reperfusion on the graft as this knowledge also opens strategies to prevent or treat ischemia/reperfusion injury after transplantation in order to improve graft outcome. | Maurizio Salvadori Giuseppina Rosso Elisabetta Bertoni | 2015 | World Journal of Transplantation2015，5，2： | 43 |
| 2 | 积极宣传世界肾脏日,唤起全社会对慢性肾脏病的重视显示文摘最近.国际肾脏病学会(ISN)和肾脏病基金联合会(IFKF)联合倡议每年3月份的第2个星期四建立世界肾脏日(World Kidney Day),首个世界肾脏日定为2006年3月9日。希望借此唤起全球对高发病率和严重危害性的慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)的认识、关注和重视,其宗旨是激励医护人员、卫生部官员和政府部门政策的决策者能真正行动起来.最大限度减轻这个尚未被社会充分认识和重视的疾病杀手——慢性肾脏病对社会和个人的巨大压力和危害。 | 陈香美 章友康 | 2006 | 中华肾脏病杂志2006，22，2： | 33 |
| 3 | Diabetic nephropathy:Is it time yet for routine kidney biopsy?显示文摘Diabetic nephropathy(DN)is one of the most important long-term complications of diabetes.Patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease have an increased risk of all-cause mortality,cardiovascular mortality,and kidney failure.The clinical diagnosis of DN depends on the detection of microalbuminuria.This usually occurs after the first five years from the onset of diabetes,and predictors of DN development and progression are being studied but are not yet implemented into clinical practice.Diagnostic tests are useful tools to recognize onset,progression and response to therapeutic interventions.Microalbuminuria is an indicator of DN,and it is considered the only noninvasive marker of early onset.However,up to now there is no diagnostic tool that can predict which patients will develop DN before any damage is present.Pathological renal injury is hard to predict only with clinical and laboratory findings.An accurate estimate of damage in DN can only be achieved by the histological analysis of tissue samples.At the present time,renal biopsy is indicated on patients with diabetes under the suspicion of the presence of nephropathies other than DN.Results from renal biopsies in patients with diabetes had made possible the classification of renal biopsies in three major groups associated with different prognostic features:diabetic nephropathy,non-diabetic renal disease(NDRD),and a superimposed non-diabetic condition on underlying diabetic nephropathy.In patients with type 2 diabetes with a higher degree of suspicion for NDRD,it is granted the need of a renal biopsy.It is important to identify and differentiate these pathologies at an early stage in order to prevent progression and potential complications.Therefore,a more extensive use of biopsy is advisable. | Maria L Gonzalez Suarez David B Thomas Laura Barisoni Alessia Fornoni | 2013 | World Journal of Diabetes2013，4，6： | 29 |
| 4 | Acute kidney injury in acute-on-chronic liver failure is different from in decompensated cirrhosis显示文摘AIM To evaluate the differences in acute kidney injury(AKI) between acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF) and decompensated cirrhosis(DC) patients. METHODS During the period from December 2015 to July 2017, 280 patients with hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related ACLF(HBV-ACLF) and 132 patients with HBV-related DC(HBV-DC) who were admitted to our center were recruited consecutively into an observational study. Urine specimens were collected from all subjects and the levels of five urinary tubular injury biomarkers were detected,including neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin(NGAL), interleukin-18(IL-18), liver-type fatty acid binding protein(L-FABP), cystatin C(CysC), and kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1). Simultaneously, the patient demographics, occurrence and progression of AKI, and response to terlipressin therapy were recorded. All patients were followed up for 3 mo or until death after enrollment. RESULTS AKI occurred in 71 and 28 of HBV-ACLF and HBV-DC patients, respectively(25.4% vs 21.2%, P = 0.358). Among all patients, the levels of four urinary biomarkers(NGAL, CysC, L-FABP, IL-18) were significantly elevated in patients with HBV-ACLF and AKI(ACLF-AKI), compared with that in patients with HBV-DC and AKI(DC-AKI) or those without AKI. There was a higher proportion of patients with AKI progression in ACLF-AKI patients than in DC-AKI patients(49.3% vs 17.9%, P = 0.013). Fortythree patients with ACLF-AKI and 19 patients with DC-AKI were treated with terlipressin. The response rate of ACLFAKI patients was significantly lower than that of patients with DC-AKI(32.6% vs 57.9%, P = 0.018). Furthermore, patients with ACLF-AKI had the lowest 90 d survival rates among all groups(P < 0.001).CONCLUSION AKI in ACLF patients is more likely associated with structural kidney injury, and is more progressive, with a poorer response to terlipressin treatment and a worse prognosis than that in DC patients. | Qun-Qun Jiang Mei-Fang Han Ke Ma Guang Chen Xiao-Yang Wan Semvua Bukheti Kilonzo Wen-Yu Wu Yong-Li Wang Jie You Qin Ning | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，21： | 25 |
| 5 | The role of high mobility group box 1(HMGB1)in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases显示文摘High mobility group box 1(HMGB1) is a nuclear protein that can bind to DNA and act as a co-factor for gene transcription. When released into extracellular fluid, it plays a proinflammatory role by acting as a damage-associated molecular pattern molecule(DAMP)(also known as an alarmin) to initiate innate immune responses by activating multiple cell surface receptors such as the receptor for advanced glycation end-products(RAGE) and toll-like receptors(TLRs), TLR2, TLR4 or TLR9. This proinflammatory role is now considered to be important in the pathogenesis of a wide range of kidney diseases whether they result from hemodynamic changes, renal tubular epithelial cell apoptosis, kidney tissue fibrosis or inflammation. This review summarizes our current understanding of the role of HMGB1 in kidney diseases and how the HMGB1-mediated signaling pathway may constitute a new strategy for the treatment of kidney diseases. | Qingjie Chen Xiaofeng Guan Xiaocong Zuo Jianglin Wang Wenjun Yin | 2016 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2016，6，3： | 26 |
| 6 | Contrast-enhanced ultrasound:The evolving applications显示文摘Contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)is a major breakthrough for ultrasound imaging in recent years.By using a microbubble contrast agent and contrast-specific imaging software,CEUS is able to depict the microand macro-circulation of the targeted organ,which in turn leads to improved performance in diagnosis.Due to the special dual blood supply system in the liver,CEUS is particularly suitable for liver imaging.It is evident that CEUS facilitates improvement for characterization of focal liver lesions(FLLs),detection of liver malignancy,guidance for interventional procedures,and evaluation of treatment response after local therapies.CEUS has been demonstrated to be equal to contrast-enhanced computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging for the characterization of FLLs.In addition,the applicability of CEUS has expanded to non-liver structures such as gallbladder,bile duct,pancreas,kidney,spleen,breast,thyroid,and prostate.The usefulness of CEUS in these applications is confirmed by extensive literature production.Novel applications include detecting bleeding sites and hematomas in patients with abdominal trauma,guiding percutaneous injection therapy and therefore achieving the goal of using interventional ultrasonography in managing splenic trauma,assessing the activity of Crohn’s disease,and detecting suspected endoleaks after endovascular abdominal aneurysm repair.Contrast-enhanced intraoperative ultrasound(US)and intracavitary use of CEUS have been developed and clinically studied.The potential use of CEUS involves sentinel lymph node detection,drug or gene delivery,and molecular imaging.In conclusion,the advent of CEUS has greatly enhanced the usefulness of US and even changed the status of US in clinical practice.The application of CEUS in the clinic is continuously evolving and it is expected that its use will be expanded further in the future. | Hui-Xiong Xu | 2009 | World Journal of Radiology2009，1，1： | 23 |
| 7 | Cystatin C is a biomarker for predicting acute kidney injury in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure显示文摘AIM:To investigate serum cystatin C level as an early biomarker for predicting acute kidney injury(AKI)in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF).METHODS:Fifty-six consecutive patients with hepatitis B virus-related ACLF who had normal serum creatinine(Cr)level(<1.2 mg/dL in men,or<1.1 mg/dL in women)were enrolled in the Liver Failure Treatment and Research Center of Beijing 302 Hospital between August 2011 and October 2012.Thirty patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB)and 30 healthy controls in the same study period were also included.Measurement of serum cystatin C(CysC)was performed by a particle-enhanced immunonephelometry assay using the BN Prospec nephelometer system.The ACLF patients were followed during their hospitalization period.RESULTS:In the ACLF group,serum level of CysC was 1.1±0.4 mg/L,which was significantly higher(P<0.01)than those in the healthy controls(0.6±0.3mg/L)and CHB patients(0.7±0.2 mg/L).During the hospitalization period,eight ACLF patients developed AKI.Logistic regression analysis indicated that CysC level was an independent risk factor for AKI development(odds ratio=1.8;95%CI:1.4-2.3,P=0.021).The cutoff value of serum CysC for prediction of AKI in ACLF patients was 1.21 mg/L.The baseline CysC-based estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR CysC)was significantly lower than the creatinine-based eGFR(eGFR CG and eGFR MDRD)in ACLF patients with AKI,suggesting that baseline eGFR CysC represented early renal function in ACLF patients while the Cr levels were still within the normal ranges.CONCLUSION:Serum CysC provides early prediction of renal dysfunction in ACLF patients with a normal serum Cr level. | Zhi-Hong Wan Jian-Jun Wang Shao-Li You Hong-Ling Liu Bing Zhu Hong Zang Chen Li Jing Chen Shao-Jie Xin | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，48： | 20 |
| 8 | Salvianolic acid A attenuates kidney injury and inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB and p38 MAPK signaling pathways in 5/6 nephrectomized rats显示文摘Salvianolic acid A (SAA) is a minor phenolic carboxylic acid extracted from Salviae miltiorrhizae Bunge (Danshen). SAA exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities, such as antioxidative, anti-thrombotic, neuroprotective, and anti-?brotic effects, as well as protection from myocardial ischemia and prevention of diabetes and other diseases. Furthermore, SAA has shown renal-protective effects in doxorubicin-induced nephropathy. However, there has been limited research regarding the effects of SAA and underlying mechanisms in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Here, we examined the effects and molecular mechanisms of SAA in an established animal model of 5/6 nephrectomized (5/6Nx) rats. The rats were injected with SAA (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg per day, intraperitoneally (ip)) for 28 days. SAA dose-dependently lowered the levels of urine protein, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, plasma total cholesterol, and plasma triglycerides in 5/6Nx rats. Histological examination revealed that SAA dose-dependently attenuated renal pathological lesions, evidenced by reduced renal tubulointerstitial ?brosis by decreasing the expression levels of tumor growth factor-β1 and α-smooth muscle actin in 5/6Nx rats. Moreover, SAA dose-dependently inhibited the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, subsequently attenuating the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β and inhibiting the expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in kidneys of 5/6Nx rats. The above results were consistent with those obtained in lipopolysaccharide-induced HK-2 cells in vitro (a recognized in vitro in?ammatory model). In conclusion, our results demonstrated that SAA effectively attenuates kidney injury in 5/6Nx rats. The therapeutic effects of SAA on kidney injury can be attributed to its anti-in?ammatory activities through inhibition of the activation of the NF-κB and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. | Hong-feng Zhang Yan-li Wang Cheng Gao Yan-ting Gu Jian Huang Jin-hui Wang Jia-hong Wang Zhou Zhang | 2018 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2018，39，12： | 20 |
| 9 | Clinical trial with traditional Chinese medicine intervention ''tonifying the kidney to promote liver regeneration and repair by affecting stem cells and their microenvironment'' for chronic hepatitis B-associated liver failure显示文摘AIM:To study the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)intervention'tonifying the kidney to promote liver regeneration and repair by affecting stem cells and their microenvironment'('TTK')for treating liver failure due to chronic hepatitis B.METHODS:We designed the study as a randomized controlled clinical trial.Registration number of Chinese Clinical Trial Registry is Chi CTR-TRC-12002961.A total of 144 patients with liver failure due to infection with chronic hepatitis B virus were enrolled in this randomized controlled clinical study.Participants were randomly assigned to the following three groups:(1)a modern medicine control group(MMC group,36patients);(2)a'tonifying qi and detoxification'('TQD')group(72 patients);and(3)a'tonifying the kidney to promote liver regeneration and repair by affecting stem cells and their microenvironment'('TTK')group(36patients).Patients in the MMC group received general internal medicine treatment;patients in the'TQD'group were given a TCM formula'tonifying qi and detoxification'and general internal medicine treatment;patients in the'TTK'group were given a TCM formula of'TTK'and general internal medicine treatment.All participants were treated for 8 wk and then followed at 48 wk following their final treatment.The primaryefficacy end point was the patient fatality rate in each group.Measurements of various virological and biochemical indicators served as secondary endpoints.The one-way analysis of variance and the t-test were used to compare patient outcomes in the different treatment groups.RESULTS:At the 48-wk post-treatment time point,the patient fatality rates in the MMC,'TQD',and'TTK'groups were 51.61%,35.38%,and 16.67%,respectively,and the differences between groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).However,there were no significant differences in the levels of hepatitis B virus DNA or prothrombin activity among the three groups(P>0.05).Patients in the'TTK'group had significantly higher levels of serum total bilirubin compared to MMC subjects(339.40μmol/L±270.09μmol/L vs 176.13μmol/L±185.70μmol/L,P=0.014).Serum albumin levels were significantly increased in both the'TQD'group and'TTK'group as compared with the MMC group(31.30 g/L±4.77g/L,30.72 g/L±2.89 g/L vs 28.57 g/L±4.56 g/L,P<0.05).There were no significant differences in levels of alanine transaminase among the three groups(P>0.05).Safety data showed that there was one case of stomachache in the'TQD'group and one case of gastrointestinal side effect in the'TTK'group.CONCLUSION:Treatment with'TTK'improved the survival rates of patients with liver failure due to chronic hepatitis B.Additionally,liver tissue was regenerated and liver function was restored. | Han-Min Li Zhi-Hua Ye Jun Zhang Xiang Gao Yan-Ming Chen Xin Yao Jian-Xun Gu Lei Zhan Yang Ji Jian-Liang Xu Ying-He Zeng Fan Yang Lin Xiao Guo-Guang Sheng Wei Xin Qi Long Qing-Jing Zhu Zhao-Hong Shi Lian-Guo Ruan Jia-Yao Yang Chang-Chun Li Hong-Bin Wu Sheng-Duo Chen Xin-La Luo | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，48： | 20 |
| 10 | 慢性肾脏病(CKD)继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进的近代治疗显示文摘 | 王笑云 谭若芸 | 2005 | 中国血液净化2005，4，1： | 20 |
| 11 | Risk factors for acute kidney injury in patients with acute myocardial infarction显示文摘Background:Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious and fatal complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).It has high shortand long-term mortality rates and a poor prognosis but is potentially preventable.However,the current incidence,risk factors,and outcomes of AKI in the Chinese population are not well understood and would serve the first step to identify high-risk patients who could receive preventative care.Methods:The medical data of 1124 hospitalized patients diagnosed with AMI from October 2013 to September 2015 were reviewed.AKI was defined according to the 2012 Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria.All the patients were divided into either the AKI group or the non-AKI group.A univariate comparison analysis was performed to identify possible risk factors associated with AKI.A multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent risk factors for AKI in patients with AMI.Results:Overall,the incidence of AKI was 26.0%.The mortality rate of the AKI group was 20.5 %,and the mortality rate of the nonAKI group was 0.6%(P < 0.001).Logistic regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors for AKI in patients with AMI included:age (>60 years old)(odds ratio [OR] 1.04,95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.05,P =0.000),hypertension (OR 2.51,95% CI 1.62-3.87,P =0.000),chronic kidney disease (OR 3.52,95% CI 2.01-6.16,P =0.000),Killip class ≥3 (OR 5.22,95% CI 3.07-8.87,P =0.000),extensive anterior myocardial infarction (OR 3.02,95% CI 1.85--4.93,P =0.000),use of furosemide (OR 1.02,95% CI 1.02-1.03,P =0.000),non-use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blocker (OR 1.58,95% CI 1.04-2.40,P =0.032).These factors provided an accurate tool to identify patients at high risk of developing AKI.Contusions:Approximately 26.0% of patients undergoing AMI developed AKI,and the development of AKI was strongly correlated with in-hospital mortality.The risk factors for AKI in patients with AMI were determined to help identify high-risk patients and make appropriate clinical decisions. | Cong Wang Yuan-Yuan Pei Yun-Hui Ma Xiao-Lu Ma Zhi-Wei Liu Ji-Hong Zhu Chun-Sheng Li | 2019 | Chinese Medical Journal2019，，14： | 20 |
| 12 | Evolving spectrum of diabetic nephropathy显示文摘Diabetes remains an important health issue as more patients with chronic and uncontrolled diabetes develop diabetic nephropathy(DN), which classically presents with proteinuria followed by a progressive decrease in renal function.However, an increasing proportion of DN patients have a decline in kidney function and vascular complications without proteinuria, known as nonproteinuric DN(NP-DN). Despite the increased incidence of NP-DN, few clinical or experimental studies have thoroughly investigated the pathophysiological mechanisms and targeted treatment for this form of DN. In this review, we will examine the differences between conventional DN and NP-DN and consider potential pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic markers, and treatment for both DN and NP-DN. The investigation of the pathophysiology of NP-DN should provide additional insight into the cardiovascular factors influencing renal function and disease and provide novel treatments for the vascular complications seen in diabetic patients. | Jonathan Kopel Camilo Pena-Hernandez Kenneth Nugent | 2019 | World Journal of Diabetes2019，10，5： | 18 |
| 13 | ABO incompatible renal transplants:Good or bad?显示文摘ABO incompatible kidney transplantation(ABOi-KT) was previously considered to be an absolute contraindication for patients with end-stage kidney disease(ESKD) due to hyperacute rejection related to blood type barrier. Since the first successful series of ABOi-KT was reported, ABOi-KT is performed increasingly all over the world. ABOi-KT has led to an expanded donor pool and reduced the number of patients with ESKD awaiting deceased kidney transplantation(KT). Intensified immunosuppression and immunological understanding has helped to shape current desensitization protocols. Consequently, in recent years, ABOi-KT outcome is comparable to ABO compatible KT(ABOc-KT). However, many questions still remain unanswered. In ABOi-KT, there is an additional residual immunological risk that maylead to allograft damage, despite using current diverse but usually intensified immunosuppressive protocols at the expense of increasing risk of infection and possibly malignancy. Notably, in ABOi-KT, desensitization and antibody reduction therapies have increased the cost of KT. Reassuringly, there has been an evolution in ABOiKT leading to a simplification of protocols over the last decade. This review provides an overview of the history, outcome, protocol, advantages and disadvantages in ABOi-KT, and focuses on whether ABOi-KT should be recommended as a therapeutic option of KT in the future. | Masaki Muramatsu Hector Daniel Gonzalez Roberto Cacciola Atsushi Aikawa Magdi M Yaqoob Carmelo Puliatti | 2014 | World Journal of Transplantation2014，4，1： | 18 |
| 14 | Predictors of kidney tubular dysfunction induced by adefovir treatment for chronic hepatitis B显示文摘AIM:To investigate the predictors of proximal kidney tubular dysfunction(PKTD)induced by adefovir dipivoxil(ADV)treatment for chronic hepatitis B.METHODS:Seventy-nine patients(age at the evaluation of PKTD:56.9±10.7 years)with chronic hepatitis B undergoing long-term oral antiviral nucleos(t)ide analogue treatment were consecutively recruited.PKTD was defined by the presence of at least two of the following five abnormalities:phosphate diabetes,nondiabetic glucosuria,metabolic acidosis,β2-microglobulinuria,or renal hypouricemia.The single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)in the SLC22A6 gene encoding human organic anion transporter 1(h OAT1)and ABCC2 encoding multidrug resistance protein 2(MRP2)were analyzed using the Taq Man Allelic Discrimination Demonstration Kit.RESULTS:Nine(30.0%)of the 30 ADV-treated patients were diagnosed with PKTD,while no patients without ADV developed PKTD(P<0.001).Three patients with ADV were diagnosed with symptomatic osteomalacia.Among the patients who took ADV,those with PKTD were of higher age at initiation,had significantly longer treatment duration,and had a significantly lower body mass index than those without PKTD.The incidence of PKTD dramatically increased after 96 mo from the start of ADV administration.In contrast,the SNPs were not correlated with PKTD.Logistic regression analysis extracted older age at initiation(OR=5.0,95%CI:1.1-23.4;P=0.040)and longer treatment duration(OR=3.2,95%CI:1.2-8.6;P=0.020)as significant factors associated with PKTD.CONCLUSION:Our results suggest that the tubular function of the kidney of older patients undergoing longterm ADV treatment should be carefully evaluated. | Motohiro Shimizu Norihiro Furusyo Hiroaki Ikezaki Eiichi Ogawa Takeo Hayashi Takeshi Ihara Yuji Harada Kazuhiro Toyoda Masayuki Murata Jun Hayashi | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，7： | 18 |
| 15 | Renal function in diabetic nephropathy显示文摘Diabetic nephropathy is the kidney disease that occurs as a result of diabetes.Cardiovascular and renal complications share common risk factors such as blood pressure,blood lipids,and glycemic control.Thus,chronic kidney disease may predict cardiovascular disease in the general population.The impact of diabetes on renal impairment changes with increasing age.Serum markers of glomerular filtration rate and microalbuminuria identify renal impairment in different segments of the diabetic population,indicating that serum markers as well as microalbuminuria tests should be used in screening for nephropathy in diabetic older people.The American Diabetes Association and the National Institutes of Health recommend Estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR) calculated from serum creatinine at least once a year in all people with diabetes for detection of kidney dysfunction.eGFR remains an independent and significant predictor after adjustment for conventional risk factors including age,sex,duration of diabetes,smoking,obesity,blood pressure,and glycemic and lipid control,as well as presence of diabetic retinopathy.Cystatin-C(Cys C) may in future be the preferred marker of diabetic nephropathy due differences in measurements of serum creatinine by various methods.The appropriate reference limit for Cys C in geriatric clinical practice must be defined by further research.Various studies have shown the importance of measurement of albuminuria,eGFR,serum creatinine and hemoglobin level to further enhance the prediction of end stage renal disease. | Pradeep Kumar Dabla | 2010 | World Journal of Diabetes2010，1，2： | 16 |
| 16 | 迎接“世界肾脏日”:重视慢性肾脏病的早期诊断与防治显示文摘 | 谌贻璞 王海燕 | 2006 | 中华医学杂志2006，86，10： | 16 |
| 17 | Helicobacter pylori Infection is Associated with Occurrence of Proteinuria in Type 2 Diabetes Patients:A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis显示文摘Background:Type 2diabetes (T2DM)patients are susceptible to Helicobacterpylori (HP),and it has been reported that the occurrence of proteinuria is associated with HP infection in T2DM patients;however,this view remains controversial.This meta-analysis aimed to explore the association between HP infection and the occurrence of proteinuria in T2DM patients.In addition,we hope to provide some recommendations to readers in clinical or related fields. Methods:Our meta-analysis was conducted with the methodology of the Cochrane Collaboration.Search strategies were formulated by relevant professionals.Case-control studies that compared the occurrence ofproteinuria in T2DM patients with and without HP infection were involved in our meta-analysis.Relevant English or Chinese studies were searched on online databases before 2018,including PubMed,the Cochrane library,Medline,Google Scholar,the China National Infrastructure,and Wanfang database.The search strategies were 'diabetic proteinuria,diabetic microalbuminuria,diabetic albumainuria,diabetic kidney disease,diabetic renal dysfunction,diabetic renal disease,diabetic nephropathy,diabetic complications,and diabetic mellitus,combined with HP.'The quality of these involved articles was separately assessed by two investigators using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).Odds ratios (ORs)and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs)were extracted and pooled using fixed-effects models. Results:Seven studies involving 1029participants were included.The quality of these seven articles was all above five stars as assessed by NOS,and there was no significant publication bias in our meta-analysis.We found that T2DM patients with HP infection had a 2.00 times higher risk of the occurrence of proteinuria than patients without HP infection (OR:2.00,95%CI:1.48-2.69). Conclusions:Our analysis showed that HP infection was associated with the occurrence of proteinuria in T2DM patients.HP radical surgery might be a therapeutic option for protecting kidney function in patients with T2DM. | Yan Shi Jia-Yu Duan Dong-Wei Liu Ying-Jin Qiao Qiu-Xia Han Shao-Kang Pan Li Tang Guang-Yan Cai Xiang-Mei Chen Zhang-Suo Liu Han-Yu Zhu | 2018 | Chinese Medical Journal2018，，22： | 16 |
| 18 | Advances of multidetector computed tomography in the characterization and staging of renal cell carcinoma显示文摘Renal cell carcinoma(RCC) accounts for approximately 90%-95% of kidney tumors. With the widespread use of cross-sectional imaging modalities, more than half of RCCs are detected incidentally, often diagnosed at an early stage. This may allow the planning of more conservative treatment strategies. Computed tomography(CT) is considered the examination of choice for thedetection and staging of RCC. Multidetector CT(MDCT) with the improvement of spatial resolution and the ability to obtain multiphase imaging, multiplanar and threedimensional reconstructions in any desired plane brought about further improvement in the evaluation of RCC. Differentiation of RCC from benign renal tumors based on MDCT features is improved. Tumor enhancement characteristics on MDCT have been found closely to correlate with the histologic subtype of RCC, the nuclear grade and the cytogenetic characteristics of clear cell RCC. Important information, including tumor size, localization, and organ involvement, presence and extent of venous thrombus, possible invasion of adjacent organs or lymph nodes, and presence of distant metastases are provided by MDCT examination. The preoperative evaluation of patients with RCC was improved by depicting the presence or absence of renal pseudocapsule and by assessing the possible neoplastic infiltration of the perirenal fat tissue and/or renal sinus fat compartment. | Athina C Tsili Maria I Argyropoulou | 2015 | World Journal of Radiology2015，7，6： | 16 |
| 19 | Pharmacogenetic considerations for optimizing tacrolimus dosing in liver and kidney transplant patients显示文摘The introduction of tacrolimus in clinical practice has improved patient survival after organ transplant.However,despite the long use of tacrolimus in clinical practice,the best way to use this agent is still a matter of intense debate.The start of the genomic era has generated new research areas,such as pharmacogenetics,which studies the variability of drug response in relation to the genetic factors involved in the processes responsible for the pharmacokinetics and/or the action mechanism of a drug in the body.This variability seems to be correlated with the presence of genetic polymorphisms.Genotyping is an attractive option especially for the initiation of the dosing of tacrolimus;also,unlike phenotypic tests,the genotype is a stable characteristic that needs to be determined only once for any given gene.However,prospective clinical studies must show that genotype determination before transplantation allows for better use of a given drug and improves the safety and clinical efficacy of that medication.At present,research has been able to reliably show that the CYP3A5 genotype,but not the CYP3A4 or ABCB1 ones,can modify the pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus.However,it has not been possible to incontrovertibly show that the corresponding changes in the pharmacokinetic profile are linked with different patient outcomes regarding tacrolimus efficacy and toxicity.For these reasons,pharmacogenetics and individualized medicine remain a fascinating area for further study and may ultimately become the face of future medical practice and drug dosing. | Alessio Provenzani Andrew Santeusanio Erin Mathis Monica Notarbartolo Manuela Labbozzetta Paola Poma Ambra Provenzani Carlo Polidori Giovanni Vizzini Piera Polidori Natale D'Alessandro | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，48： | 15 |
| 20 | MRI-determined fat content of human liver,pancreas and kidney显示文摘AIM:To assess and correlate the lipid content of various organs in obese subjects and in persons with a normal body weight.METHODS:Magnetic resonance spectroscopy and a previously validated gradient echo magnetic resonance imaging method with Dixon's two point technique were used in this study to quantify fat in liver,pancreas as well as kidney.RESULTS:In 36 volunteers with body mass index(BMI) ranging from 20.0 to 42.9 kg/m2,the median fat content of liver,pancreas and kidney was 2.3%(interquartile range:0.2%-7.8%),2.7%(1.0%-6.5%) and 0.7%(0.1%-1.4%),respectively.BMI and subcutaneous fat correlated significantly with liver and pancreas fat content.We show for the first time the significant correlation of liver and pancreas fat content in healthy controls(r = 0.43,P < 0.01).These observations are related to body weight as measured by BMI and the amount of subcutaneous fat.Kidney fat content is very low and correlates with none of the other fat depots.CONCLUSION:Renal lipid accumulation,unlike the coupled accumulations of fat in liver and pancreas,is not observed in obese subjects.Unlike suggestions made in previous studies,renal lipid accumulation appears not to be involved in the pathogenesis of renal disease in humans. | Paul E Sijens Mireille A Edens Stephan JL Bakker Ronald P Stolk | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，16： | 14 |
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