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| 1 | Isoplot R: A free and open toolbox for geochronology显示文摘This paper reviews the basic principles of radiometric geochronology as implemented in a new software package called Isoplot R, which was designed to be free, flexible and future-proof. Isoplot R is free because it is written in non-proprietary languages(R, Javascript and HTML) and is released under the GPL license. The program is flexible because its graphical user interface(GUI) is separated from the command line functionality, and because its code is completely open for inspection and modification. To increase future-proofness, the software is built on free and platform-independent foundations that adhere to international standards, have existed for several decades, and continue to grow in popularity.Isoplot R currently includes functions for U-Pb, Pb-Pb,40 Ar/39 Ar, Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd, Lu-Hf, Re-Os, U-Th-He,fission track and U-series disequilibrium dating. It implements isochron regression in two and three dimensions, visualises multi-aliquot datasets as cumulative age distributions, kernel density estimates and radial plots, and calculates weighted mean ages using a modified Chauvenet outlier detection criterion that accounts for the analytical uncertainties in heteroscedastic datasets. Overdispersion of geochronological data with respect to these analytical uncertainties can be attributed to either a proportional underestimation of the analytical uncertainties, or to an additive geological scatter term.Isoplot R keeps track of error correlations of the isotopic ratio measurements within aliquots of the same samples. It uses a statistical framework that will allow it to handle error correlations between aliquots in the future. Other ongoing developments include the implementation of alternative user interfaces and the integration of Isoplot R with other data reduction software. | Pieter Vermeesch | 2018 | Geoscience Frontiers2018，9，5： | 56 |
| 2 | Impacts of permafrost changes on alpine ecosystem in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau显示文摘Alpine cold ecosystem with permafrost environment is quite sensitive to climatic changes and the changes in permafrost can significantly affect the alpine ecosystem. The vegetation coverage, grassland biomass and soil nutrient and texture are selected to indicate the regime of alpine cold ecosystems in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The interactions between alpine ecosystem and permafrost were investigated with the depth of active layer, permafrost thickness and mean annual ground temperature (MAGTs). Based on the statistics model of GPTR for MAGTs and annual air temperatures, an analysis method was developed to analyze the impacts of permafrost changes on the alpine ecosystems. Under the climate change and human engineering activities, the permafrost change and its impacts on alpine ecosystems in the permafrost region between the Kunlun Mountains and the Tanggula Range of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are studied in this paper. The results showed that the per- mafrost changes have a different influence on different alpine ecosystems. With the increase in the thickness of active layer, the vegetation cover and biomass of the alpine cold meadow exhibit a significant conic reduction, the soil organic matter content of the alpine cold meadow ecosystem shows an exponential decrease, and the surface soil materials become coarse and gravelly. The alpine cold steppe ecosystem, however, seems to have a relatively weak relation to the permafrost environment. Those relationships resulted in the fact that the distribution area of alpine cold meadow decreased by 7.98% and alpine cold swamp decreased by 28.11% under the permafrost environment degradation during recent 15 years. In the future 50 years the alpine cold meadow ecosystems in different geomorphologic units may have different responses to the changes of the permafrost under different climate warming conditions, among them the alpine cold meadow and swamp ecosystem located in the low mountain and plateau area will have a relatively serious degradation. Furthermore, from the angles of grassland coverage and biological production the variation characteristics of high-cold eco- systems in different representative regions and different geomorphologic units under different climatic conditions were quantitatively assessed. In the future, adopting effective measures to protect permafrost is of vital importance to maintaining the stability of permafrost engineering and alpine cold eco- systems in the plateau. | WANG Genxu1,3 , LI Yuanshou2 , WU Qingbai2 & WANG Yibo3 1. Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China 2. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China 3. Resource and Environment School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China | 2006 | Science China Earth Sciences2006，49，11： | 41 |
| 3 | Association of type 2 diabetes mellitus and the risk ofcolorectal cancer: A meta-analysis and systematic review显示文摘AIM To provide a quantitative assessment of theassociation between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC).METHODS: Systematic review was conductedthorough MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and ISI Web of knowledge databases till 31st January 2014.This meta-analysis included the cohort studies thatillustrated relative risk (RR) or odds ratio estimateswith 95%CI for the predictive risk of CRC by T2DM.Summary relative risks with 95%CI were analyzed byusing an effects summary ratio model. Heterogeneityamong studies was assessed by the Cochran's Q and I 2statistics.RESULTS: The meta analysis of 8 finally selectedstudies showed a positive correlation of T2DM withthe risk of CRC as depicted by effects summary RRof 1.21 (95%CI: 1.02-1.42). Diabetic women showedgreater risk of developing CRC as their effect summaryRR of 1.22 (95%CI: 1.01-49) with significant overallZ test at 5% level of significance was higher than theeffect summary RR of 1.17 (95%CI: 1.00-1.37) of menshowing insignificant Z test. The effect summary RRof 1.19 with 95%CI of 1.07-1.33 indicate a positiverelationship between DM and increased risk of CRCwith significant heterogeneity (I 2 = 92% and P -value 〈0.05).CONCLUSION: Results from this systematic reviewand meta-analysis report that diabetic people have anincreased risk of CRC as compared to non-diabetics. | | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，19： | 26 |
| 4 | Assessment of bearing performance degradation via extension and EEMD combined approach显示文摘As a key component in rotating machinery, the operating reliability of bearing influences the performance and service life of the equipment directly. In order to describe bearing performance degradation(BPD) process effectively, an assessment approach combining extension and ensemble empirical mode decomposition(EEMD) was proposed. First, the extension was utilized to construct the matter-element of bearing operating state, and the energy moment of intrinsic mode functions(IMFs) was used as characteristic parameter of the matter-element. Then, to determine classical domains of characteristic parameters, the mathematical statistics method was adopted. Finally, the BPD was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively according to the comprehensive correlation degree of bearing current operating state related to its healthy state. The analytic results of bearing test-rig show that the proposed method indicates the incipient fault approximately occurring in the 81 st hour, and the method also quantitatively presents the degree of BPD. By contrast, the BPD assessment based on time-domain features extraction method could not achieve the above two results effectively. | 刘玉梅 赵聪聪 熊明烨 赵颖慧 乔宁国 田广东 | 2017 | Journal of Central South University2017，24，5： | 16 |
| 5 | Analysis on statistic characteristics of magnetotelluric signal显示文摘 For magnetotelluric sounding (MT), many processing methods based on power spectrum have put forward lots of hypotheses, such as MT signals are Gaussian, linear and minimum-phase. If practical signals do not satisfy these requirements, the results will have a few problems as follows. Firstly, when signals are non-linear and non-Gaussian, the information of the earth contained in the MT signals cannot be sufficiently extracted; Secondly, when signals are non-Gaussian and non-minimum phase, the processed results cannot reflect the minimum phase characteristics of the signals. Hence, it is necessary for us to do further research on characteristics of MT signals (YAO, SUN, 1999; LI, CHENG, 2002; Nikias, Petropulu, 1993; ZHANG, 1996). Otherwise, we cannot judge the reliability of the processed results based on power spectrum.…… | WANG Shu-ming(王书明) WANG Jia-ying(王家映) | 2004 | Acta Seismologica Sinica(English Edition)2004，17，6： | 10 |
| 6 | THE DETECTION OF CLIMATE ABRUPT CHANGE WITH MANN-KENDALL RANK STATISTICS显示文摘The characteristics of Mann-Kendall Rank Statistics and its applications in detecting abrupt change of climatehave been described.At the same time,a new method is put forward to detect the abrupt change in variance. | 王强 符淙斌 | 1992 | Acta meteorologica Sinica1992，6，2： | 10 |
| 7 | Triz理论研究及应用现状分析显示文摘Triz理论在国外获得广泛的应用,并已成为发达国家技术创新的有力工具。简述了Triz理论的5个领域和9种工具,以中国知网(CNKI)的中国期刊全文数据库为检索工具,检索得到2006—2011年间有关Triz理论解决实际问题的学术论文221篇,运用Spss statistics数据统计分析软件,尝试探索Triz理论中哪些工具是最常用的、是否有经常使用的工具组合以及各类工具都常用于哪些领域,归纳了2006—2011年间国内Triz工具的应用现状。 | 周莹 彭丽娟 | 2013 | 科技情报开发与经济2013，23，10： | 9 |
| 8 | IBM SPSS Statistics 19.0在挥发油提取工艺优化中的应用显示文摘目的:以优化黔产宽叶缬草根挥发油提取工艺为例,详细介绍如何利用IBM SPSS Statistics 19.0软件设计挥发油提取工艺实验和对实验数据进行统计分析的方法。方法:根据实验因素水平,利用IBM SPSS Statistics 19.0生成正交实验设计表,通过调整得到标准的正交实验设计表;将正交实验的结果输入到调整后的正交实验设计表中,分析并可得到正交实验方差表和单因素统计量表,从而得到实验的最优化提取工艺条件。结果:通过使用和比较发现,IBM SPSS Statistics 19.0软件使用简便快捷,计算精确且结论可靠,并能避免大量人工计算,缩短了完成化学实验研究的时间,提高了实验的科学性。结论:IBM SPSS Statistics19.0软件值得在挥发油提取工艺优化中应用和推广。 | 胡志洁 | 2013 | 计算机与应用化学2013，30，4： | 8 |
| 9 | Microstructural damage pattern of vascular cognitive impairment: a comparison between moyamoya disease and cerebrovascular atherosclerotic disease显示文摘Moyamoya disease and cerebrovascular atherosclerotic disease are both chronic ischemic diseases with similar presentations of vascular cognitive impairment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the patterns of microstructural damage associated with vascular cognitive impairment in the two diseases. The study recruited 34 patients with moyamoya disease(age 43.9 ± 9.2 years; 20 men and 14 women, 27 patients with cerebrovascular atherosclerotic disease(age: 44.6 ± 7.6 years; 17 men and 10 women), and 31 normal controls(age 43.6 ± 7.3 years; 18 men and 13 women) from Huashan Hospital of Fudan University in China. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination, long-term delayed recall of Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Trail Making Test Part B, and the Symbol Digit Modalities Test. Single-photon emission-computed tomography was used to examine cerebral perfusion. Voxel-based morphometry and tract-based spatial statistics were performed to identify regions of gray matter atrophy and white matter deterioration in patients and normal controls. The results demonstrated that the severity of cognitive impairment was similar between the two diseases in all tested domains. Patients with moyamoya disease and those with cerebrovascular atherosclerotic disease suffered from disturbed supratentorial hemodynamics. Gray matter atrophy in bilateral middle cingulate cortex and parts of the frontal gyrus was prominent in both diseases, but in general, was more severe and more diffuse in those with moyamoya disease. White matter deterioration was significant for both diseases in the genu and body of corpus callosum, in the anterior and superior corona radiation, and in the posterior thalamic radiation, but in moyamoya disease, it was more diffuse and more severe. Vascular cognitive impairment was associated with regional microstructural damage, with a potential link between, gray and white matter damage. Overall, these results provide insight into the pathophysiological nature of vascular cognitive impairment. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board in Huashan Hospital, China(approval No. 2014-278). This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov on December 2, 2014 with the identifier NCT02305407. | Jia-Bin Su Si-Da Xi Shu-Yi Zhou Xin Zhang Shen-Hong Jiang Bin Xu Liang Chen Yu Lei Chao Gao Yu-Xiang Gu | 2019 | Neural Regeneration Research2019，14，5： | 7 |
| 10 | Multi-layer Contribution Propagation Analysis for Fault Diagnosis显示文摘The recent development of feature extraction algorithms with multiple layers in machine learning and pattern recognition has inspired many applications in multivariate statistical process monitoring. In this work, two existing multi-layer linear approaches in fault detection are reviewed and a new one with extra layer is proposed in analogy. To provide a general framework for fault diagnosis in succession, this work also proposes the contribution propagation analysis which extends the original definition of contribution of variables in multivariate statistical process monitoring. In fault diagnosis stage, the proposed contribution propagation analysis for multilayer linear feature extraction algorithms is compared with the fault diagnosis results of original contribution plots associated with single layer feature extraction approach. Plots of variable contributions obtained by the aforementioned approaches on the data sets collected from a simulated benchmark case study(Tennessee Eastman process) as well as an industrial scale multiphase flow facility are presented as a demonstration of the usage and performance of the contribution propagation analysis on multi-layer linear algorithms. | Ruo-Mu Tan Yi Cao | 2019 | International Journal of Automation and computing2019，16，1： | 6 |
| 11 | Overview and countermeasures of cancer burden in China显示文摘Cancer is one of the leading causes of human death worldwide.Treatment of cancer exhausts significant medical resources,and the morbidity and mortality caused by cancer is a huge social burden.Cancer has therefore become a serious economic and social problem shared globally.As an increasingly prevalent disease in China,cancer is a huge challenge for the country’s healthcare system.Based on recent data published in the Journal of the National Cancer Center on cancer incidence and mortality in China in 2016,we analyzed the current trends in cancer incidence and changes in cancer mortality and survival rate in China.And also,we examined several key risk factors for cancer pathogenesis and discussed potential countermeasures for cancer prevention and treatment in China. | Yian Wang Qijia Yan Chunmei Fan Yongzhen Mo Yumin Wang Xiayu Li Qianjin Liao Can Guo Guiyuan Li Zhaoyang Zeng Wei Xiong He Huang | 2023 | Science China(Life Sciences)2023，66，11： | 5 |
| 12 | Background contents of heavy metals in sediments of the Yangtze River system and their calculation methods显示文摘Contents of 11 heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Hg, Co, Ni, As, Cr, Mn and Fe) in the sedi-ments of the Yangtze River system were used for background contents calculation. The sampling locationswere about 260, for both raw sediments and the fine grained part | Zhang Chaosheng, Zhang Shen, Zhang Licheng, Wang Lijun(Institute of Geography , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China) | 1995 | Journal of Environmental Sciences1995，7，4： | 4 |
| 13 | Asymptotic distributions in the projection pursuit based canonical correlation analysis显示文摘In this paper, associations between two sets of random variables based on the projection pursuit (PP) method are studied. The asymptotic normal distributions of estimators of the PP based canonical correlations and weighting vectors are derived. | JIN Jiao & CUI HengJian Department of Statistics and Financial Mathematics, School of Mathematical Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Laboratory of Mathematics and Complex Systems (Beijing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China | 2010 | Science China Mathematics2010，53，2： | 4 |
| 14 | Statistical Analysis of Ship Collisions with Bridges in China Waterway显示文摘Having carried out investigations on ship collision accidents with bridges in waterway in China, a database of ship collision with bridge (SCB) is developed in this paper. It includes detailed information about more than 200 accidents near ship's waterways in the last four decades, in which ships collided with the bridges. Based on the information a statistical analysis is presented tentatively. The increase in frequency of ship collision with bridges appears, and the accident quantity of the barge system is more than that of single ship. The main reason of all the factors for ship collision with bridge is the human errors, which takes up 70%. The quantity of the accidents happened during flooding period shows over 3~6 times compared with the period from March to June in a year. The probability follows the normal distribution according to statistical analysis. Visibility, span between piers also have an effect on the frequency of the accidents. | DAI Tong-yu,NIE Wu,LIU Ying-jie,WANG Li-pingCollege of Shipbuilding Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China | 2002 | 哈尔滨工程大学学报(英文版)2002，，2： | 4 |
| 15 | Normal Contact Model for Elastic and Plastic Mechanics of Rough Surfaces显示文摘An elastic and plastic mechanical model is proposed to characterize the normal contact of rough surfaces. The contact process is considered as three separated contact regimes, i.e., the fully elastic, mixed elastic一plastic and fully plastic ones. The Hertzian elastic contact solutions and the classical fully plastic contact model of Abbott and Fires tone are used to model the contact behaviors of fully elastically deformed asperities and fully plastically deformed ones, respectively. For the mixed elastic-plastic regime, an improved Hermit interpolation method is applied to enforce the continuity and smoothness at the critical contact interference, and to decrease the interpolation waving effect by transforming the physical quantities of contact load into logarithmic coordinates. The contac t model of rough surfaces is formula ted by using the Greenwood and Williamson^ statistics analysis. Comparisons with the CEB, ZMC and KE models are then performed to examine the effects of plasticity index and mean separation. Agreeing well with the ZMC model, our results show that the total contact load of rough surfaces decreases with the increase in mean separation, and the difference between the prediction results of elastic models and the plastic ones also decreases, indicating that the contact behaviors mainly dominated by plastically deformed asperities have been changed to be controlled by elastically deformed ones. Larger plasticity index represents more plastically deformed asperities, inducing normal contact behaviors mainly dominated by plastic solutions. | Dong Wang Zhousuo Zhang Fan Jin Xuanhua Fan | 2019 | Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica2019，32，2： | 4 |
| 16 | IBM SPSS Statistics优化3,5-二氯对氨基苯磺酰胺的合成显示文摘目的:使用IBM SPSS Statistics软件设计合成3,5-二氯对氨基苯磺酰胺,优化实验条件。方法:选择原料配比、H_2O_2用量、H_2O_2滴加时间三因素设计正交实验,将实验结果输入IBM SPSS Statistics软件,分析得到正交实验方差表和单因素统计表,并对实验数据进行统计分析,得到实验的优化条件。结果:3,5-二氯对氨基苯磺酰胺制备的最佳条件是:原料配比n(C_6H_6N_2O_2S):n(30%HCI质量分数)=1:17,H_2O_2用量1mol,H_2O_2滴加时间60min。收率达80.8%,熔点为204℃~205.5℃。结论:IBM SPSS Statistics软件具有强大的试验设计和数据统计分析功能,而且使用方便、计算精确、结论可靠,避免了大量人工计算,可以迅速分析出3,5-二氯对氨基苯磺酰胺有机合成工艺中的优化条件,值得在有机合成工艺优化中推广。 | 李红霞 刘瑞江 张业旺 | 2011 | 计算机与应用化学2011，28，11： | 3 |
| 17 | Maximum depositional age estimation revisited显示文摘In a recent review published in this journal,Coutts et al.(2019)compared nine different ways to estimate the maximum depositional age(MDA)of siliclastic rocks by means of detrital geochronology.Their results show that among these methods three are positively and six negatively biased.This paper investigates the cause of these biases and proposes a solution to it.A simple toy example shows that it is theoretically impossible for the reviewed methods to find the correct depositional age in even a best case scenario:the MDA estimates drift to ever smaller values with increasing sample size.The issue can be solved using a maximum likelihood model that was originally developed for fission track thermochronology by Galbraith and Laslett(1993).This approach parameterises the MDA estimation problem with a binary mixture of discrete and continuous distributions.The‘Maximum Likelihood Age’(MLA)algorithm converges to a unique MDA value,unlike the ad hoc methods reviewed by Coutts et al.(2019).It successfully recovers the depositional age for the toy example,and produces sensible results for realistic distributions.This is illustrated with an application to a published dataset of 13 sandstone samples that were analysed by both LA-ICPMS and CA-TIMS U–Pb geochronology.The ad hoc algorithms produce unrealistic MDA estimates that are systematically younger for the LA-ICPMS data than for the CA-TIMS data.The MLA algorithm does not suffer from this negative bias.The MLA method is a purely statistical approach to MDA estimation.Like the ad hoc methods,it does not readily accommodate geological complications such as post-depositional Pb-loss,or analytical issues causing erroneously young outliers.The best approach in such complex cases is to re-analyse the youngest grains using more accurate dating techniques.The results of the MLA method are best visualised on radial plots.Both the model and the plots have applications outside detrital geochronology,for example to determine volcanic eruption ages. | Pieter Vermeesch | 2021 | Geoscience Frontiers2021，12，2： | 3 |
| 18 | Statistics显示文摘 | National Bureau of Statistics of China | 2013 | China Textile2013，，1： | 3 |
| 19 | GREY RELATIONAL ANALYSIS: A NEW STATISTICAL METHOD OF MULTIFACTORIAL ANALYSIS IN MEDICINE显示文摘The concept, fundamental theory, analytical steps and formulae of grey relational analysis (GRA)-a new statistical method or multifactorial analysis in the field of medicine were introduced. GRA of grouping sequence that is applied to medical study was built by the authors. An example was given to demonstrate it. The superiority of GRA was recounted briefly. | 谭学瑞 邓聚龙 | 1997 | Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis1997，11，1： | 3 |
| 20 | Investigation of tuberculosis clusters in Dehradun city of India显示文摘Objective:To investigate the presence of statistically significant geographical clusters of tuberculosis(TB) using Geographical Information System and spatial scan statistics in Dehradun, India.Methods:The spatial scan statistic implemented with a software program,SaTScan v6.1, was used to test the presence of statistically significant spatial clusters of TB and to identify their approximate locations(P<0.05 for primary clusters and P<0.1 for secondary clusters). Geographical Information System was used for geographical analysis.Results:Significant high rate spatial clusters were identified in seven wards of the Dehradun Municipal area. Conclusions:There is sufficient evidence about the existence of statistically significant TB clusters in seven wards of Dehradun,India.The purely spatial scan statistics methodology used in this study has a potential use in surveillance of TB for detecting the true clusters of the disease. | Neeraj Tiwari Vineeta Kandpal Ajoy Tewari K.Ram Mohan Rao Tolia VS | 2010 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2010，3，6： | 3 |
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