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| 1 | Progress in the bionic study on anti-adhesion and resistance reduction of terrain machines显示文摘The theoretical studies of bionics of machinery have great scientific significance, and the development of bionic machines has large practical values in the field of engineering and technology. Through the rigorous selection process of evolution, the survived living organisms have successfully developed outstanding abilities to adapt to their surroundings and to reproduce their offspring. In this review,we interpreted the fundamental principles of anti-adhesion and anti-resistance of soil animals by reviewing the current status in this research field and summarizing the work of the research group at Jilin University of China in the past decades. The principles and technologies used in morphology bionics,electric-osmosis bionics,flexibility bionics,configuration bionics and coupling bionics were examined.Finally,the applications of the engineering bionics and their extensive prospects were introduced. | REN LuQuanKey Laboratory for Terrain-Machine Bionics Engineering of Ministry of Education, School for Biology and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China | 2009 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2009，52，2： | 64 |
| 2 | Metallogenic geodynamic background of Mesozoic gold deposits in granite-greenstone terrains of North China Craton显示文摘The spatial distribution map of 65 mid-large gold-deposits hosted in the granite-greenstone terrains of the North China Craton is first drawn. These gold deposits mainly concentrate in the Mesozoic remobilized Yinshan-Yanshan-Liaoning-Jilin intracontinental collisional orogenic belt, the northern Qinling and the Jiaodong Mesozoic collisional orogenic belts, and the Mesozoic intracontinental fault-magmatic belts developed along the Taihangshan and the Tan-Lu faults; their mineralizing time is predominantly Jurassic-Cretaceous, i.e. the Yanshanian. The metallogenic geodynamic background is exactly the compression-to-extension transition regime during continental collision. | 陈衍景 郭光军 李欣 | 1998 | Science China Earth Sciences1998，41，2： | 37 |
| 3 | The recognizing of ca. 1.95 Ga tectono-thermal eventin Kong-ling nucleus and its significance for the evolution of Yangtze Block, South China显示文摘Some 1.95 Ga metamorphism of high-grade Ar-chean rocks in Kongling terrain, continental nucleus of Yangtze Block, South China, are recognized by Sm-Nd dating. This event is further confirmed by the ages of single zircon SHRIMP U-Pb and K-Ar analyses of TTG and (or) paragneisses, and intrusions of potassic-granitic batholith in the region. The coincidence in period between the high-grade metamorphism in the Kongling area and the creation of major basement rocks of its neighborhoods of the Yangtze Block around the Kongling Archean nucleus makes it a favorable explanation for their tectonic connections that, in the whole Yangtze Block there was some tectono-thermal event of ca. 2.0-1.8 Ga, which resulted in the formation of unitive Yangtze basement. | LING Wenli GAO Shan ZHANG Benren ZHOU Lian XU Qidong | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，4： | 29 |
| 4 | 郯庐断裂带张八岭隆起南段肥东群石榴角闪岩变质P-T演化史对其构造属性的制约显示文摘通过对张八岭隆起南端肥东群中磁铁石榴铁闪石岩的岩相学、矿物成分分析和热力学评价,并结合野外地质填图和共生围岩分析表明,该岩石经历了5期变质作用,展现了顺时针的P-T演化特征,早期阶段表现为近等压升温,晚期阶段为降温降压的过程,其峰期变质平均P-T条件为:524℃和0.49GPa。结合地质背景和郯庐断裂带的演化特征分析,早期过程可能反映的扬子基底所经历的区域变质过程,晚期过程可能是由于郯庐断裂的后期抬升分量所致,不具有造山带的P-T演化特征。对比前人对宿松群的变质演化历史的研究,肥东群和宿松群峰期变质压力差可达0.8GPa,表明两者属于不同变质级别的块体。因而,肥东群和宿松群不能作为被郯庐断裂左行错开的标志层。由此表明,张八岭隆起南段所出露的肥东群变质杂岩,属于扬子板块上的变质基底,郯庐断裂带活动中将其剥露地表,并没有经历过大别造山带的变质作用。 | 石永红 朱光 王道轩 | 2009 | 岩石学报2009，25，12： | 21 |
| 5 | An Sm-Nd isotopic dating study of the Archean Kongling Complex in the Huangling area of the Yangtze Craton显示文摘Sm Nd isotopic compositions of associated amphibolites, TTG gneisses and granitic gneisses from the Archean Kongling Complex of the Yangtze Craton, South China are systematically analyzed. The results show that the amphibolites and TTG gneisses have a similar age of ca. 2 700 Ma, which well agrees with zircon U Pb dating of previous studies. However, their ε Nd ( t ) are different, suggestive of possible dissimilarity in source composition. | Ling, WL Gao, S Zheng, HF Zhou, L Zhao, ZB | 1998 | Chinese Science Bulletin1998，43，14： | 13 |
| 6 | Distributed modeling of monthly air temperatures over the rugged terrain of the Yellow River Basin显示文摘Our analyses of the monthly mean air temperature of meteorological stations show that altitude,global solar radiation and surface effective radiation have a significant impact on air temperature.We set up a physically-based empirical model for monthly air temperature simulation.Combined the proposed model with the distributed modeling results of global solar radiation and routine meteorological observation data,we also developed a method for the distributed simulation of monthly air temperatures over rugged terrain.Spatial distribution maps are generated at a resolution of 1 km×1 km for the monthly mean,the monthly mean maximum and the monthly mean minimum air temperatures for the Yellow River Basin.Analysis shows that the simulation results reflect to a considerable extent the macro and local distribution characteristics of air temperature.Cross-validation shows that the proposed model displays good stability with mean absolute bias errors of 0.19℃-0.35℃.Tests carried out on local meteorological station data and case year data show that the model has good spatial and temporal simulation capacity.The proposed model solely uses routine meteorological data and can be applied easily to other regions. | ZENG Yan QIU XinFa HE YongJian SHI GuoPing LIU ChangMing | 2009 | Science China Earth Sciences2009，52，5： | 11 |
| 7 | 不同分辨率SRTM-DEM的数字地形分析比较研究显示文摘以通化地区为试验区,利用Arc/Info软件,将原始的SRTM数据生成等高线,再插值生成不同分辨率的DEM数据,提取了高程差、坡度、坡向、地形阴影数字地形信息,并根据D8算法,对流域信息进行提取。结果表明:不同分辨率的DEM在描述地形的整体变化上存在的差异很小,但高分辨率的DEM可以更好地反映出地形的细微变化;在水文模拟方面,流域网络的数量及沟壑密度与DEM的分辨率成正相关的关系,但由于高分辨率的DEM信息冗余,在水文模拟方面,提取流域网络的时候会出现生成伪沟谷的现象。 | 安辛克 李琳琳 张运刚 | 2010 | 测绘与空间地理信息2010，33，6： | 10 |
| 8 | Modification of solar radiation model over rugged terrain显示文摘The formula for the duration of possible sunshine has been modified. Two geometrical factors, the circumsolar view factor and the isotropic view factor for calculating solar radiation, have been proposed. The ray-tracing method in computer cartography has been applied to simulating the obstruction of terrain over solar radiation. In addition, the shape factor has been introduced to calculate the reflected radiation from surrounding terrain. | Xin Li Guodong Cheng Xianzhang Chen Ling Lu | 1999 | Chinese Science Bulletin1999，44，15： | 10 |
| 9 | 基于CTS的大地形仿真应用研究显示文摘大地形仿真是研究三维视景仿真的一个重要问题。针对三维地形仿真应用的现状,本文结合LOD技术、数据分块技术和数据管理技术,采用基于CTS软件的方案解决大地形仿真应用问题。该方案可以有效解决基于MultiGen软件的传统方案中的纹理和地形边界不连续以及内存容量限制等问题。通过实例验证了该方案切实可行。 | 杨进 李程 费立凡 | 2008 | 测绘科学2008，33，1： | 9 |
| 10 | The mesoscale numerical simulation of the flow field of the Hainan Island and the Leizhou Peninsula显示文摘The flow field over Hainan Island and the Leizhou Peninsula in summer and winter is discussed with three-dimensional mesoscale model developed in the University of Virginia and using the representative meteorological data of January and July.Simulation results indicate that the local weather characteristics over the Hainan Island are distinctly influenced by theWuzhi Mountain terrain. The cloudy or rainfall weather over the northeast of the Wuzhi Mountain occurs easily, under proper large-scale conditions of flow, temperature and humidity. while west wind prevails. The overcast or rainfall weather is often induced by strong convection in the afternoon over west of the Hainan Island under easterly prevailing wind. | Tu Xiaoling, Zhou Mingyu and Sheng Shaohua National Research Center for Marine Environmental Forecast, Beijing 100081, China | 1993 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica1993，12，2： | 7 |
| 11 | Multi-resolution representation of digital terrain models with terrain features preservation显示文摘multi-resolution TIN model is an important issue in the contexts of visu-alization,virtual reality (VR),and geographic information systems (GIS). This paper proposes a new method for constructing multi-resolution TIN models with multi-scale topographic features preservation. The proposed method is driven by a half-edge collapse operation in a greedy framework and employs a new quadric error metric to efficiently measure geometric errors. We define topographic features in a multi-scale manner using a center-surround operator on Gaussian-weighted mean curvatures. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method performs better than previous methods in terms of topographic features preservation,and is able to achieve multi-resolution TIN models with a higher accuracy. | LI QingQuan1,WANG Zhi1,2 & YANG BiSheng1 1 State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying,Mapping and Remote Sensing,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China 2 School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China | 2008 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2008，51，S1： | 7 |
| 12 | 3D MODEL STUDY ON FOG OVER COMPLEX TERRAIN—PART Ⅰ:NUMERICAL STUDY显示文摘A three-dimensional fog model,suitable for precipitous and complex terrain,is designed contain-ing four prognostic variables—wind speed,potential temperature,specific humidity and mixing ratioof liquid water.The model considers turbulent exchange,the long-wave radiation on the ground sur-face and in the air.the short-wave solar radiation,the evaporation and condensation of moisture andthe surface heat budget and so on.In order to make the model run steadily on precipitous and complexterrain,we have improved the method of calculating horizontal pressure gradient force in the terraincoordinate system.The results coincide on the whole with the actual situation. | 石春娥 孙学金 杨军 李子华 | 1996 | Acta meteorologica Sinica1996，10，4： | 6 |
| 13 | Virtual Simulation System with Path-following Control for Lunar Rovers Moving on Rough Terrain显示文摘Virtual simulation technology is of great importance for the teleoperation of lunar rovers during the exploration phase,as well as the design of locomotion systems,performance evaluation,and control strategy verification during the R&D phase.The currently used simulation methods for lunar rovers have several disadvantages such as poor fidelity for wheel-soil interaction mechanics,difficulty in simulating rough terrains,and high complexity making it difficult to realize mobility control in simulation systems.This paper presents an approach for the construction of a virtual simulation system that integrates the features of 3D modeling,wheel-soil interaction mechanics,dynamics analysis,mobility control,and visualization for lunar rovers.Wheel-soil interaction experiments are carried out to test the forces and moments acted on a lunar rover’s wheel by the soil with a vertical load of 80 N and slip ratios of 0,0.03,0.05,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,and 0.6.The experimental results are referenced in order to set the parameters’ values for the PAC2002 tire model of the ADAMS/Tire module.In addition,the rough lunar terrain is simulated with 3DS Max software after analyzing its characteristics,and a data-transfer program is developed with Matlab to simulate the 3D reappearance of a lunar environment in ADAMS.The 3D model of a lunar rover is developed by using Pro/E software and is then imported into ADAMS.Finally,a virtual simulation system for lunar rovers is developed.A path-following control strategy based on slip compensation for a six-wheeled lunar rover prototype is researched.The controller is implemented by using Matlab/Simulink to carry out joint simulations with ADAMS.The designed virtual lunar rover could follow the planned path on a rough terrain.This paper can also provide a reference scheme for virtual simulation and performance analysis of rovers moving on rough lunar terrains. | GAO Haibo DENG Zongquan DING Liang WANG Mengyu | 2012 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2012，25，1： | 5 |
| 14 | Effect of terrain on landscape patterns and ecological effects by a gradient-based RS and GIS analysis显示文摘Terrain is an important environment factor that plays a vital role in human development by influencing the spatial layout of land use patterns.The terrain niche index,combined with slope and elevation,can comprehensively present detailed information about spatial differences in terrain and is superior to single terrain factors.We applied remote sensing and geographical information system to terrain gradient,used the non-dimensional distribution index to examine spatial distribution characteristics of various landscape types,and analyzed the ecological effects of landscape were quantitatively on terrain gradients.Eco-environment quality(EEQ) was evaluated using the forestry operation area as the evaluation unit.The spatial distributions in various landscapes were significantly influenced by terrain factors,especially by bodies of water,cropland and residential land.The spatial distribution varied greatly in different terrain gradients for similar landscape types.The areas associated with good,intermediate and poor EEQ were occupied primarily by natural landscape,semi-natural and largely artificial landscapes,respectively. | Wenfeng Gong Haibo Wang Xiaofeng Wang Wenyi Fan Philip Stott | 2017 | Journal of Forestry Research2017，28，5： | 5 |
| 15 | A new navigation approach of terrain contour matching based on 3-D terrain reconstruction from onboard image sequence显示文摘This article presents a passive navigation method of terrain contour matching by reconstructing the 3-D terrain from the image sequence(acquired by the onboard camera).To achieve automation and simultaneity of the image sequence processing for navigation,a correspondence registration method based on control points tracking is proposed which tracks the sparse control points through the whole image sequence and uses them as correspondence in the relation geometry solution.Besides,a key frame selection method based on the images overlapping ratio and intersecting angles is explored,thereafter the requirement for the camera system configuration is provided.The proposed method also includes an optimal local homography estimating algorithm according to the control points,which helps correctly predict points to be matched and their speed corresponding.Consequently,the real-time 3-D terrain of the trajectory thus reconstructed is matched with the referenced terrain map,and the result of which provides navigating information.The digital simulation experiment and the real image based experiment have verified the proposed method. | LI LiChun1,2,YU QiFeng2,SHANG Yang2,YUAN Yun2,LU HongWei3 & LIU XiaoLin4 1 Beijing Aerospace Control Center,Beijing 100094,China 2 College of Aerospace and Material Engineering,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China 3 Equipment Research Institute of PLA’s Second Artillery,Beijing 100085,China 4 College of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China | 2010 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2010，53，5： | 5 |
| 16 | Study on the Influences of GWDO Parameterization Scheme and Terrain on a Rainstorm in Dabie Mountain显示文摘[Objective] The research aimed to study the influences of GWDO parameterization scheme and terrain on a rainstorm in Dabie Mountain.[Method] By using NCEP/NCAR 1°×1° analytical data,the conventional and unconventional ground observation data,WRFV3.1.1 version of non-hydrostatic balance meso-scale mode,a meso-scale shear line rainstorm process which happened in Dabie Mountain zone during 05:00-14:00 on June 21,2008 was carried out the diagnostic analysis and numerical test.In the control experiment,the gravity wave drag by orography(GWDO) parameterization scheme was added.The influences of GWDO parameterization scheme and terrain on the rainstorm process were discussed respectively by the sensitivity test.[Result] The orography dragging coefficient had the good improvement role on the rainstorm intensity or falling zone.The result had the very big difference when considering or non-considering the orography dragging coefficient.After the parameterization scheme was added,the rainstorm intensity or falling zone was better than that of non-addition.When there was no dragging coefficient,the shear line disturbance was strong,and the gravity wave activity was obvious.The precipitation was stronger in the zone where the gravity wave was obvious.The terrain in Dabie Mountain and the surrounding place also had the important effect on the shear line precipitation.When the terrain in Dabie Mountain was removed,the precipitation intensity on the shear line increased significantly,and the strengthening of rain belt in the west was the most obvious.When the terrain in the southeast of Dabie Mountain was removed,the precipitation in the east had the obvious increasing effect.The terrain wasn't favorable for the rainstorm strengthening.The intensity variation of rain belt not only related to the terrain,but also related to the disturbance variation on the shear line.[Conclusion] The research provided the theory basis for the prediction and forecast of rainstorm. | WANG Li DING Zhi-ying LIU Lei | 2011 | Meteorological and Environmental Research2011，2，6： | 4 |
| 17 | Terrain relief periods of loess landforms based on terrain profiles of the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi Province,China显示文摘The Loess Plateau is densely covered by numerous types of gullies which represent different soil erosion intensities.Therefore,research on topographic variation features of the loess gullies is of great significance to environmental protection and ecological management.Using a5 m digital elevation model and data from a national geographic database,this paper studies different topographical areas of the Loess Plateau,including Shenmu,Suide,Yanchuan,Ganquan,Yijun,and Chunhua,to derive representative gully terrain profile data of the sampled areas.First,the profile data are standardized in MATLAB and then decomposed using the ensemble empirical mode decomposition method.Then,a significance test is performed on the results;the test confidence is 95% to 99%.The most reliable decomposition component is then used to calculate the relief period and size of the gullies.The results showed that relief periods of the Chunhua,Shenmu,Yijun,Yuanchuan,Ganquan,and Suide gullies are 1110.14 m,1096.85 m,1002.49 m,523.48 m,498.12 m,and 270.83 m,respectively.In terms of gully size,the loess landforms are sorted as loess fragmented tableland,aeolian and dune,loess tableland,loess ridge,loess hill and loess ridge,and loess hill,in descending order.Taken together,the gully terrain features of the sample areas and the results of the study are approximately consistent with the actual terrain profiles.Thus,we conclude that ensemble empirical mode decomposition is a reliable method for the study of the relief and topography of loess gullies. | Jianjun CAO Guoan TANG Xuan FANG Jilong LI Yongjuan LIU Yiting ZHANG Ying ZHU Fayuan LI | 2019 | Frontiers of Earth Science2019，13，2： | 4 |
| 18 | Computational fluid dynamics evaluation of the effect of different city designs on the wind environment of a downwind natural heritage site显示文摘Disturbance in wind regime and sand erosion deposition balance may lead to burial and eventual vanishing of a site.This study conducted 3D computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations to evaluate the effect of a proposed city design on the wind environment of the Crescent Spring,a downwind natural heritage site located in Dunhuang,Northwestern China.Satellite terrain data from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer(ASTER)Digital Elevation Model(DEM)were used to construct the solid surface model.Steady-state Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes equations(RANS)with shear stress transport(SST)k-ωturbulence model were then applied to solve the flow field problems.Land-use changes were modeled implicitly by dividing the underlying surface into different areas and by applying corresponding aerodynamic roughness lengths.Simulations were performed by using cases with different city areas and building heights.Results show that the selected model could capture the surface roughness changes and could adjust wind profile over a large area.Wind profiles varied over the greenfield to the north and over the Gobi land to the east of the spring.Therefore,different wind speed reduction effects were observed from various city construction scenarios.The current city design would lead to about 2 m/s of wind speed reduction at the downwind city edge and about 1 m/s of wind speed reduction at the north of the spring at 35-m height.Reducing the city height in the north greenfield area could efficiently eliminate the negative effects of wind spee.By contrast,restricting the city area worked better in the eastern Gobi area compared with other parts of the study area.Wind speed reduction in areas near the spring could be limited to 0.1 m/s by combining these two abatement strategies.The CFD method could be applied to simulate the wind environment affected by other land-use changes over a large terrain. | BenLi LIU JianJun QU QingHe NIU JunZhan WANG KeCun ZHANG | 2014 | Journal of Arid Land2014，6，1： | 4 |
| 19 | Studies on numerical site calibration over complex terrain for wind turbines显示文摘The estimation of wind turbine performance over complex terrain is very difficult because of the document of standard IEC61400-12 is adapted for flat or slightly complex topography.And the cost of constructing a meteorological mast is higher with scaling wind turbine up.We have proposed a numerical site calibration(NSC) technique in order to estimate the inflow velocity at the position of wind turbine by using CFD tool to calculate the flow field around the site.The present paper shows the problems for the procedure of NSC in which a commercial nonlinear CFD tool and the improvement method are used to gain a more accurate result.It is clarified that the wind turbine performance which is estimated by using the wind speed on the meteorological mast has a good result for annual energy production. | Daisuke MATSUSHITA Hikaru MATSUMIYA Yoshinori HARA Satoshi WATANABE Akinori FURUKAWA | 2010 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2010，53，1： | 4 |
| 20 | ADS40数码航摄影像在DTM立体测图中的应用显示文摘介绍了基于ADS40数码航摄影像,使用MAPMATR IX2006建立立体模型进行立体测量DTM的全过程,以及ADS40数码相机的有关参数,对建立立体模型的作用。应用MAPMATR IX2006软件的操作使用方法。 | 张剑华 | 2008 | 测绘与空间地理信息2008，31，5： | 4 |
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