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| 1 | The global spread of Zika virus:is public and media concern justified in regions currently unaffected?显示文摘Background:Zika virus,an Aedes mosquito-borne flavivirus,is fast becoming a worldwide public health concern following its suspected association with over 4000 recent cases of microcephaly among newborn infants in Brazil.Discussion:Prior to its emergence in Latin America in 2015–2016,Zika was known to exist at a relatively low prevalence in parts of Africa,Asia and the Pacific islands.An extension of its apparent global dispersion may be enabled by climate conditions suitable to support the population growth of A.aegypti and A.albopictus mosquitoes over an expanding geographical range.In addition,increased globalisation continues to pose a risk for the spread of infection.Further,suspicions of alternative modes of virus transmission(sexual and vertical),if proven,provide a platform for outbreaks in mosquito non-endemic regions as well.Since a vaccine or anti-viral therapy is not yet available,current means of disease prevention involve protection from mosquito bites,excluding pregnant females from travelling to Zika-endemic territories,and practicing safe sex in those countries.Importantly,in countries where Zika is reported as endemic,caution is advised in planning to conceive a baby until such time as the apparent association between infection with the virus and microcephaly is either confirmed or refuted.The question arises as to what advice is appropriate to give in more economically developed countries distant to the current epidemic and in which Zika has not yet been reported.Summary:Despite understandable concern among the general public that has been fuelled by the media,in regions where Zika is not present,such as North America,Europe and Australia,at this time any outbreak(initiated by an infected traveler returning from an endemic area)would very probably be contained locally.Since Aedes spp.has very limited spatial dispersal,overlapping high population densities of mosquitoes and humans would be needed to sustain a focus of infection.However,as A.aegypti is distinctly anthropophilic,future control strategies for Zika should be considered in tandem with the continuing threat to human wellbeing that is presented by dengue,yellow fever and Japanese encephalitis,all of which are transmitted by the same vector species. | Narayan Gyawali Richard S.Bradbury Andrew W.Taylor-Robinson | 2016 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2016，5，1： | 8 |
| 2 | Zika virus infection induces RNAi-mediated antiviral immunity in human neural progenitors and brain organoids显示文摘The re-emergence of Zika virus(ZIKV)in the Western Hemisphere has resulted in global public health crisis since 2015.ZIKV preferentially infects and targets human neural progenitor cells(hNPCs)and causes fetal microcephaly upon maternal infection.hNPCs not only play critical roles during fetal brain development,but also persist in adult brain throughout life.Yet the mechanism of innate antiviral immunity in hNPCs remains largely unknown.Here,we show that ZIKV infection triggers the abundant production of virus-derived small interfering RNAs in hNPCs,but not in the more differentiated progenies or somatic cells.Ablation of key RNAi machinery components significantly enhances ZIKV replication in hNPCs.Furthermore,enoxacin,a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is known as an RNAi enhancer,exerts potent anti-ZIKV activity in hNPCs and other RNAi-competent cells.Strikingly,enoxacin treatment completely prevents ZIKV infection and circumvents ZIKV-induced microcephalic phenotypes in brain organoid models that recapitulate human fetal brain development.Our findings highlight the physiological importance of RNAi-mediated antiviral immunity during the early stage of human brain development,uncovering a novel strategy to combat human congenital viral infections through enhancing RNAi. | Yan-Peng Xu Yang Qiu Boya Zhang Guilai Chen Qi Chen Miao Wang Fan Mo Jiuyue Xu Jin Wu Rong-Rong Zhang Meng-Li Cheng Na-Na Zhang Bao Lyu Wen-Liang Zhu Meng-Hua Wu Qing Ye Da Zhang Jiang-Hong Man Xiao-Feng Li Jie Cui Zhiheng Xu Baoyang Hu Xi Zhou Cheng-Feng Qin | 2019 | Cell Research2019，29，4： | 8 |
| 3 | Human T-cell immunity against the emerging and re-emerging viruses显示文摘Over the past decade, we have seen an alarming number of high-profile outbreaks of newly emerging and re-emerging viruses.Recent outbreaks of avian influenza viruses, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronaviruses, Zika virus and Ebola virus present great threats to global health. Considering the pivotal role of host T-cell immunity in the alleviation of symptoms and the clearance of viruses in patients, there are three issues to be primarily concerned about T-cell immunity when a new virus emerges: first, does the population possess pre-existing T-cells against the new virus through previous infections of genetically relevant viruses; second, does a proper immune response arise in the patients to provide protection through an immunopathogenic effect; lastly, how long can the virus-specific immune memory persist. Herein, we summarize the current updates on the characteristics of human T-cell immunological responses against recently emerged or re-emerged viruses, and emphasize the necessity for timely investigation on the T-cell features of these viral diseases, which may provide beneficial recommendations for clinical diagnosis and vaccine development. | Min Zhao Hangjie Zhang Kefang Liu George F.Gao William J.Liu | 2017 | Science China(Life Sciences)2017，60，12： | 6 |
| 4 | Immunological evidence of Zika virus transmission in Thailand显示文摘Objective: To identify immunological evidence of Zika virus transmission in Thailand. Methods: To undertake a preliminary serosurvey of possible exposure to Zika virus, 21 serum samples from cohort of acute undifferentiated fever patients were examined for immunoreactivity to Zika, Dengue, Japanese encephalitis and Chikungunya envelope antigens by Western blot analysis. Results: Twenty of the 21 serum samples showed immunoreactivity to at least one of the antigens, with seven samples showing immunoreactivity to all antigens. Of particular note, two serum samples showed immunoreactivity only to Zika envelope antigen, with no immunoreactivity to other envelope antigens. Conclusions: This study presents the first evidence of Zika virus transmission in Thailand, although as yet the relationship between transmission and possible cases of Zika fever in Thailand requires further investigation. | Nitwara Wikan Yupin Suputtamongkol Sutee Yoksan Duncan R.Smith Prasert Auewarakul | 2016 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2016，9，2： | 6 |
| 5 | Aedes mosquitoes acquire and transmit Zika virus by breeding in contaminated aquatic environments显示文摘With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the research team led by Prof.Gong Cheng(程功)at Tsinghua University,revealed a new potential transmission approach for Zika virus(ZIKV)transmission between mosquitoes and infected human urine,which was published in Nature Communications(2019,10:1324). | | 2019 | Science Foundation in China2019，27，2： | 4 |
| 6 | Afebrile, asymptomatic and non-thrombocytopenic Zika virus infection: don't miss it!显示文摘Zika virus infection is the present problematic arboviral disease. Classically, this disease cause febrile illness and can result in low platelet count. However, there are some new obervations on atypical clinical presentations of Zika virus infection that can make the diagnosis more difficult. The afebrile, asymptomatic and non-thrombocytopenic Zika virus infection can be seen in clinical practice and can lead to missed or delayed diagnosis. | Somsri Wiwanitkit Viroj Wiwanitkit | 2016 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2016，9，5： | 4 |
| 7 | Zika病毒与新生儿小头症相关显示文摘2015年12月1日,世界卫生组织(WHO)、泛美卫生组织(PAHO)发布关于寨卡(Zika)病毒的全球警告。2016年1月22日,美国疾病控制和预防中心(CDC)发布二级旅行警告,将22个国家划为出行敏感地区,建议人们尽量避免出现在疫情发生地,且孕妇尤须警惕。截至2016年2月15日,中国已报道两例输入性、口岸检出的Zika病毒感染病例。Zika病毒源自非洲,目前在南美洲、中美洲、加勒比等地区造成传播。该病毒属于黄病毒科,黄病毒属, | 夏雨 | 2016 | 海南医学2016，27，4： | 3 |
| 8 | Risk assessment and genomic characterization of Zika virus in China and its surrounding areas显示文摘Background:Zika virus (ZIKV) has emerged as a global pathogen causing significant public health concerns.China has reported several imported cases where ZIKV were carried by travelers who frequently travel between China and ZIKV-endemic regions.To fully characterize the ZIKV strains isolated from the cases reported in China and assess the risk of ZIKV transmission in China,comprehensive phylogenetic and genetic analyses were performed both on all ZIKV sequences of China and on a group of scientifically selected ZIKV sequences reported in some of the top interested destinations for Chinese travelers.Methods:ZIKV genomic sequences were retrieved from the National Center for Biotechnology Information database through stratified sampling.Recombination event detection,maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic analysis,molecular clock analysis,selection pressure analysis,and amino acid substitution analysis were used to reconstruct the epidemiology and molecular transmission of ZIKV.Results:The present study investigated 18 ZIKV sequences from China and 70 sequences from 16 selected countries.Recombination events rarely happens in all ZIKV Asian lineage.ZIKV genomes were generally undergone episodic positive selection (17 sites),and only one site was under pervasive positive selection.All ZIKV imported into China were Asian lineage and were assigned into two clusters:Venezuela-origin (cluster A) and Samoa-origin cluster (cluster B) with common ancestor from French Polynesia.The time of most recent common ancestors of Cluster A dated to approximately 2013/11 (95% highest posterior density [HPD] 2013/06,2014/ 03) and cluster B dated to 2014/08 (95% HPD 2014/02,2015/01).Cluster B is more variable than Cluster A in comparison with other clusters,but no varied site of biological significance was revealed.ZIKV strains in Southeast Asia countries are independent from strains in America epidemics.Conclusions:The genetic evolution of ZIKV is conservative.There are two independent introductions of ZIKV into China and China is in danger of autochthonous transmission of ZIKV because of high-risk surrounding areas.Southeast Asia areas have high risk of originating the next large-scale epidemic ZIKV strains. | Rong-Fei Liu Zhen-Jian He Peng Mei Jia-Cheng Xi Xu-Dong Cao Li-Hong Yuan Jia-Hai Lu | 2019 | Chinese Medical Journal2019，，14： | 3 |
| 9 | Pathogen genomic surveillance elucidates the origins, transmission and evolution of emerging viral agents in China显示文摘In the past twenty years, numerous novel zoonotic viral agents with pandemic potential have emerged in China, such as the severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS) coronavirus and, more recently, the avian-origin influenza A/H7N9 virus, which have caused outbreaks among humans with high morbidity and mortality. In addition, several emerging and re-emerging viral pathogens have also been imported into China from travelers, e.g. the Middle East respiratory syndrome(MERS) coronavirus and Zika virus(ZIKV). Herein, we review these emerging viral pathogens in China and focus on how surveillance by pathogen genomics has been employed to discover and annotate novel pathogenic agents, identify natural reservoirs, monitor the transmission events and delineate their evolution and adaption to the human host. We also highlight the application of genomic sequencing in the recent Ebola epidemics in Western Africa. In summary, genomic sequencing has become a standard research tool in the field of emerging infectious diseases which has been proven invaluable in containing these viral infections and reducing burden of disease in humans and animals. Genomic surveillance of pathogenic agents will serve as a key epidemiological and research tool in the modern era of precision infectious diseases and in the future studies of virosphere. | Weifeng Shi Juan Li Hong Zhou George F.Gao | 2017 | Science China(Life Sciences)2017，60，12： | 3 |
| 10 | The Asian Lineage of Zika Virus: Transmission and Evolution in Asia and the Americas显示文摘Since first isolation in 1947 from the Zika forest in Uganda, Zika virus(ZIKV) has been principally known as a benign agent associated with sporadic human infections in a restricted number of African countries. However, during 2015–2016,an Asian lineage of ZIKV caused an unprecedentedly large outbreak in the Americas and sizeable numbers of exported cases across the globe. In this review, we critically appraise the recent advances in molecular epidemiological studies of ZIKV performed to date, and we highlight the pivotal role played by genomic surveillance in elucidating the origins,dissemination and evolution of the Asian lineage of ZIKV in Asia and in the Americas. | Tao Hu Juan Li Michael J.Carr Sebastián Duchêne Weifeng Shi | 2019 | Virologica Sinica2019，34，1： | 3 |
| 11 | A Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-Based Vaccine Carrying Zika Virus Capsid Protein Protects Mice from Viral Infection显示文摘Dear Editor,Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne virus that belongs to the Flavivirus family along with dengue virus (DENV),yellow fever virus, West Nile virus, and Japanese encephalitis virus (Ming et al. 2016). ZIKV is a singlestranded positive-sense RNA virus encoding three structural proteins, including nucleocapsid protein C, prM/M,envelope glycoprotein E, and seven non-structural proteins.Since 2015. | Xiaodan Shi Jingping Hu Jing Guo Chuanjian Wu Sidong Xiong Chunsheng Dong | 2019 | Virologica Sinica2019，34，1： | 2 |
| 12 | Zika virus spreading in South America: evolutionary analysis of emerging neutralizing resistant Phe279Ser strains显示文摘Objective: To investigate the genetic diversity of Zika virus(ZIKV) and the relationships existing among these circulating viruses worldwide. To evaluate the genetic polymorphisms harboured from ZIKV that can have an influence on the virus circulation. Methods: Three different ZIKV dataset were built. The first dataset included 63 E gene sequences, the second one 22 NS3 sequences and the third dataset was composed of 108 NS5 gene sequences. Phylogenetic and selective pressure analysis was performed. The edited nucleic acid alignment from the Envelope dataset was used to generate a conceptual translation to the corresponding peptide sequences through UGene software. Results: The phylogeographic reconstruction was able to discriminate unambiguously that the Brazilian strains are belonged to the Asian lineage. The structural analysis reveals instead the presence of the Ser residue in the Brazilian sequences(however already observed in other previously reported ZIKV infections) that could suggest the presence of a neutralization-resistant population of viruses. Conclusions: Phylogenetic, evolutionary and selective pressure analysis contributed to improve the knowledge on the circulation of ZIKV. | Marta Giovanetti Teresa Milano Luiz Carlos Alcantara Laura Carcangiu Eleonora Cella Alessia Lai Alessandra Lo Presti Stefano Pascarella Gianguglielmo Zehender Silvia Angeletti Massimo Ciccozzi | 2016 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2016，9，5： | 2 |
| 13 | Development of Neutralizing Antibodies against Zika Virus Based on Its Envelope Protein Structure显示文摘As we know more about Zika virus(ZIKV), as well as its linkage to birth defects(microcephaly) and autoimmune neurological syndromes, we realize the importance of developing an efficient vaccine against it. Zika virus disease has affected many countries and is becoming a major public health concern. To deal with the infection of ZIKV, plenty of experiments have been done on selection of neutralizing antibodies that can target the envelope(E) protein on the surface of the virion. However, the existence of antibody-dependent enhancement(ADE) effect might limit the use of them as therapeutic candidates. In this review, we classify the neutralizing antibodies against ZIKV based on the epitopes and summarize the resolved structural information on antibody/antigen complex from X-ray crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy(cryo-EM), which might be useful for further development of potent neutralizing antibodies and vaccines toward clinical use. | Chunpeng Yang Rui Gong Natalia de Val | 2019 | Virologica Sinica2019，34，2： | 2 |
| 14 | Biological and historical overview of Zika virus显示文摘The recent outbreak of the Zika virus attracts worldwide attention probably because the most recently affected country(Brazil) will host the 2016 Olympic Game. Zika virus infected cases are now spreading to many other countries and its infection might be linked to some severe medical sequelae. Since its first isolation from the infected monkey in 1947 in Uganda, only a few studies had been taken until recent outbreak. According to the history of referenced publications, there is a 19-year gap from 1989 to 2007. This might be because only mild diseases were diagnosed from Zika virus infected populations. Obviously, the recent reports that Zika virus infection is probably associated with microcephaly of the neonates makes us reevaluate the medical significance of the viral pathogen. It can be transmitted sexually or by mosquito biting. Sexual transmission of the Zika virus distinguishes it from other members of the Genus Flavivirus. Detailed information of the Zika virus is needed through a thorough investigation covering basic, epidemical, subclinical and clinical studies. Here, we reviewed the published information of Zika virus. | Najealicka Armstrong Wangheng Hou Qiyi Tang | 2017 | World Journal of Virology2017，6，1： | 2 |
| 15 | The Scorpion Venom Peptide Smp76 Inhibits Viral Infection by Regulating Type-Ⅰ Interferon Response显示文摘Dengue virus(DENV) and Zika virus(ZIKV) have spread throughout many countries in the developing world and infect millions of people every year, causing severe harm to human health and the economy. Unfortunately, there are few effective vaccines and therapies available against these viruses. Therefore, the discovery of new antiviral agents is critical.Herein, a scorpion venom peptide(Smp76) characterized from Scorpio maurus palmatus was successfully expressed and purified in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). The recombinant Smp76(rSmp76) was found to effectively inhibit DENV and ZIKV infections in a dose-dependent manner in both cultured cell lines and primary mouse macrophages. Interestingly,rSmp76 did not inactivate the viral particles directly but suppressed the established viral infection, similar to the effect of interferon(IFN)-b. Mechanistically, rSmp76 was revealed to upregulate the expression of IFN-b by activating interferon regulatory transcription factor 3(IRF3) phosphorylation, enhancing the type-Ⅰ IFN response and inhibiting viral infection.This mechanism is significantly different from traditional virucidal antimicrobial peptides(AMPs). Overall, the scorpion venom peptide Smp76 is a potential new antiviral agent with a unique mechanism involving type-Ⅰ IFN responses,demonstrating that natural AMPs can enhance immunity by functioning as immunomodulators. | Zhenglin Ji Fangfang Li Zhiqiang Xia Xingchen Guo Minjun Gao Fang Sun Yuting Cheng Yingliang Wu Wenxin Li Syed Abid Ali Zhijian Cao | 2018 | Virologica Sinica2018，33，6： | 2 |
| 16 | Predicted pattern of Zika virus infection distribution with reference to rainfall in Thailand显示文摘Zika virus infection is the present global medical problem.The disease appears in several countries around the world.The relationship between rainfall and occurrence of Zika virus infection was previously mentioned.Here,the authors use the mathematical modeling technique to reappraise on the previous data on immunoreactivity rate of Zika virus,dengue virus and Ckikungunya virus in Thailand and the reported interrelationship between arboviral infections and rainfall in Thailand for constructing of the predicted pattern of Zika virus distribution in Thailand.This data can be a useful tool for further disease surveillance in this area. | Somsri Wiwanitkit Viroj Wiwanitkit | 2016 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2016，9，7： | 1 |
| 17 | Zika virus infection, transmission, associated neurological disorders and birth abnormalities: A review of progress in research, priorities and knowledge gaps显示文摘On February 1, 2016, the World Health Organization declared that the cluster of microcephaly cases and other neurological disorders constitute public health emergency of international concern. Furthermore, few studies demonstrated that there was an increased evidence of causal relationship of Zika virus(ZIKAV) infection and microcephaly, birth abnormalities and neurological disorders such as Guillain–Barre′ syndrome.ZIKAV transmission occurs mainly by the bite of infected mosquitos(Aedes species), but there are also reports that infections could occur via the placenta, breast milk, saliva,blood transfusion and sex. This article reviews the global efforts, progress in scientific research to understand the pathogenesis of ZIKAV infection & disease, clinical presentations, congenital transmission and autoimmune neurological disorders. The paper further explores the knowledge gaps, future priority research agenda for strategic response including vector control and prevention. We conducted a systematic literature review to synthesise available evidence on ZIKAV infection and its vector and host interaction from electronic databases. | Yitades Gebre Nikkiah Forbes Teshome Gebre | 2016 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2016，6，10： | 1 |
| 18 | Epitope finding in Zika virus molecule:The first world report显示文摘Zika virus infection is a new problematic virus infection that becomes the present public health problem. Now this mosquito borne infectious disease can be seen worldwide and can cause dengue-like infection. In addition, it can also induce transplacental infection and result in congenital neurological defect. To prevent this infection, there is still no specific vaccine. To find a new vaccine, finding epitope is the first step. Here, the authors report the study to find epitope within Zika virus molecule.According to this study, the appropriate epitopes can be seen. This is the fi rst world report on epitope finding for Zika virus. The data can be useful for further vaccine development. | Somsri Wiwanitkit Viroj Wiwanitkit | 2017 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2017，7，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Zika virus,a pathway to new challenges显示文摘The current Zika outbreak is largest of its kind with 1.4 million cases in Brazil alone.World Health Organization declared the current outbreak as the public health emergency of international concerns.The major route of Zika virus transmission is mosquito bites.Sexual transmission and monkey bites are also observed in few cases.There is dire need to evaluate the other routes of transmission like blood transfusion,lactation and contact with body fluids.Zika virus is infecting infants,not only causing microcephaly but also creating number of complications resulting in bad outcomes of pregnancy.In Brazil alone,4 000 cases of microcephaly have observed during the current outbreak.The incidence of Guillian-Barre(GB) syndrome is also observed during the current Zika virus outbreak.GB syndrome is acute medical condition leading the patients to death due to weakness of respiratory muscles or can cause the life time disability.There is no anti-viral drug or vaccine available for Zika virus.Zika infection can be prevented by using mosquito repellents,mosquito nets,cooling rooms by air conditions and wearing full sleeves or permethrin treated clothes.The current outbreak of Zika has not only affected the health care but also caused great economic loss.Estimated loss in Latin America and Caribbean is US$3.5 billion.United Nation's sustainable development goal 3.d stresses the strengthening of early warning,risk reduction and management of national and global health risks.The world will keep on facing new challenges in the form of Ebola or Zika;there is strong need to prepare ourselves for any disease outbreak. | Zubia Jamil Yasir Waheed Taimoor Zeb Durrani | 2016 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2016，9，7： | 1 |
| 20 | Knowledge, attitudes and practice survey on Zika virus infection among pregnant women in Brunei Darussalam显示文摘To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices(KAP) on Zika virus infection among pregnant women in Brunei Darussalam by a cross-sectional survey. Methods: Between February and June 2017, we recruited 234 pregnant women from all government healthcare centres at Brunei-Muara district, using a modified systematic sampling approach. A pre-tested and self-administered questionnaire was used and data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression analyses. Results: The study participants were mainly Malay(87.2%) and their mean age was 28.0 years. The median knowledge score was 13, out of a possible score of 28. Most participants(92.7%) knew that Zika virus was transmitted by mosquito bites whereas some(34.6%) knew that sexual transmission was also possible. Media(radio, television or newspapers) was the preferred source of updated information on Zika virus, followed by healthcare workers(44.0%), government announcements(43.2%), and social media(38.0%). Pregnant women who were 25 years old or older [Adj. OR=3.62(95% CI: 1.57, 9.51)], not Malays [Adj. OR=3.32(95% CI: 1.35, 8.55)], and had an average monthly household income of more than BND $3 000 [Adj. OR=4.06(95% CI: 1.81, 19.44)] were more likely to score higher for knowledge on Zika virus. The median prevention practice score was 23, out of a possible score of 36. Most participants reported wearing covering clothes(98.3%) and kept their living surroundings clean(99.6%). Most participants(88.0%) agreed that Zika is an important issue in their community. Conclusion: We found a lack of knowledge on Zika virus infection among pregnant women attending government maternal and child healthcare centres in Brunei Darussalam, in particular that Zika virus can be sexually transmitted. Such information could be well disseminated at the healthcare centre level. Health literacy studies should be conducted to understand the facilitators and barriers of KAP on Zika virus infection among pregnant women. | Li Ling Chaw Nik A.A.Tuah Justin Yun Yaw Wong Lin Naing | 2018 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2018，11，11： | 1 |
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