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| 1 | Hybrid artificial bee colony algorithm with variable neighborhood search and memory mechanism显示文摘Artificial bee colony(ABC) is one of the most popular swarm intelligence optimization algorithms which have been widely used in numerical optimization and engineering applications. However, there are still deficiencies in ABC regarding its local search ability and global search efficiency. Aiming at these deficiencies,an ABC variant named hybrid ABC(HABC) algorithm is proposed.Firstly, the variable neighborhood search factor is added to the solution search equation, which can enhance the local search ability and increase the population diversity. Secondly, inspired by the neuroscience investigation of real honeybees, the memory mechanism is put forward, which assumes the artificial bees can remember their past successful experiences and further guide the subsequent foraging behavior. The proposed memory mechanism is used to improve the global search efficiency. Finally, the results of comparison on a set of ten benchmark functions demonstrate the superiority of HABC. | FAN Chengli FU Qiang LONG Guangzheng XING Qinghua | 2018 | Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics2018，29，2： | 49 |
| 2 | Investigation of changes in properties of water under the action of a magnetic field显示文摘The properties of water and their changes under the action of a magnetic field were gathered by the spectrum techniques of infrared, Raman, visible, ultraviolet and X-ray lights, which may give an insight into molecular and atomic structures of water. It was found that some properties of water were changed, and a lot of new and strange phenomena were discovered after magnetization. Magnetized water really has magnetism, which has been verified by a peak shift of X-ray diffraction of magnetized water + Fe3O4 hybrid relative to that of pure water + Fe3O4 hybrid, that is a saturation and memory effect. The properties of infrared and ultraviolet absorp-tions, Raman scattering and X-ray diffraction of magnetized water were greatly changed relative to those of pure water; their strengths of peaks were all increased, the frequencies of some peaks did also shift, and some new peaks, for example, at 5198, 8050 and 9340 cm?1, occurred at 25℃ after water was magnetized. In the meanwhile, the magnetized effects of water are related to the magnetized time, the intensity of an externally applied magnetic field, and the temperature of water, but they are not a linear relationship. The study also showed a lot of new and unusual properties of magnetized water, for example, the six peaks in 3000-3800 cm?1 in infrared absorption, the exponential increase of ultraviolet absorption of wave with the decreasing wavelength of light of 200-300 nm, the frequency-shifts of peaks, a strange irreversible effect in the increasing and decreasing processes, as well as a stronger peak of absorption occurring at 50℃, 70℃ and 80℃, the existence of many models of motion from 85℃ to 95℃ in 8000-10000 cm?1, and so on. These results show that the molecular structure of water is very complicated, which needs further study. Furthermore, the macroscopic feature of mechanics, for instance, surface tension force of magnetized water, was also measured. Experiments dis-covered that the size in contact angles of magnetized water on the surface of hy-drophobic materials decreases, thus the surface tension force of magnetized water decreases relative to that of pure water. It is seen from the above results that the clustering structure of hydrogen-bonded chains and polarization effects of water molecules are enhanced after magnetization. These results are helpful in revealing the mechanism of magnetization of water. | PANG XiaoFeng1,2 & DENG Bo1 1 Institute of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China 2 International Centre for Materials Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110015, China | 2008 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2008，51，11： | 23 |
| 3 | Circular HDAC9/microRNA-138/Sirtuin-1 Pathway Mediates Synaptic and Amyloid Precursor Protein Processing Deficits in Alzheimer’s Disease显示文摘Synaptic dysfunction and abnormal processing of amyloid precursor protein(APP) are early pathological features in Alzheimer’s disease(AD). Recently, noncoding RNAs such as micro RNAs(mi RNAs) and circular RNAs(circ RNAs) have been reported to contribute to the pathogenesis of AD. We found an age-dependent elevation of mi R-138 in APP/PS1(presenilin-1) mice. Mi R-138 inhibited the expression of ADAM10 [a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10], promoted amyloid beta(Ab) production, and induced synaptic and learning/memory deficits in APP/PS1 mice, while its suppression alleviated the AD-like phenotype in these mice. Overexpression of sirtuin 1(Sirt1), a target of mi R-138, ameliorated the mi R-138-induced inhibition of ADAM10 and elevation of Ab in vitro. The circ RNA HDAC9(circ HDAC9) was predicted to contain a mi R-138 binding site in several databases. Its expression was inversely correlated with mi R-138 in both Ab-oligomertreated N2 a cells and APP/PS1 mice, and it co-localized with mi R-138 in the cytoplasm of N2 a cells. Circ HDAC9 acted as a mi R-138 sponge, decreasing mi R-138 expression, and reversing the Sirt1 suppression and excessive Ab production induced by mi R-138 in vitro. Moreover,circ HDAC9 was decreased in the serum of both AD patients and individuals with mild cognitive impairment.These results suggest that the circ HDAC9/mi R-138/Sirt1 pathway mediates synaptic function and APP processing in AD, providing a potential therapeutic target for its treatment. | Yanjun Lu Lu Tan Xiong Wang | 2019 | Neuroscience Bulletin2019，35，5： | 20 |
| 4 | Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes promote neurogenesis and cognitive function recovery in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease显示文摘Studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes can enhance neural plasticity and improve cognitive impairment.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes on neurogenesis and cognitive capacity in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease.Alzheimer’s disease mouse models were established by injection of beta amyloid 1?42 aggregates into dentate gyrus bilaterally.Morris water maze and novel object recognition tests were performed to evaluate mouse cognitive deficits at 14 and 28 days after administration.Afterwards,neurogenesis in the subventricular zone was determined by immunofluorescence using doublecortin and PSA-NCAM antibodies.Results showed that mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes stimulated neurogenesis in the subventricular zone and alleviated beta amyloid 1?42-induced cognitive impairment,and these effects are similar to those shown in the mesenchymal stem cells.These findings provide evidence to validate the possibility of developing cell-free therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer’s disease.All procedures and experiments were approved by Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee(CICUAL)(approval No.CICUAL 2016-011)on April 25,2016. | Edwin E. Reza-Zaldivar Mercedes A. Hernández-Sapiéns Yanet K. Gutiérrez-Mercado Sergio Sandoval-ávila Ulises Gomez-Pinedo Ana L. Márquez-Aguirre Estefanía Vázquez-Méndez Eduardo Padilla-Camberos Alejandro A. Canales-Aguirre | 2019 | Neural Regeneration Research2019，14，9： | 19 |
| 5 | An Integrated Analysis of Risk Factors of Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Severe Carotid Artery Stenosis显示文摘Objective To investigate cognitive dysfunction in patients with carotid artery stenosis(CAS) and potential risk factors related to cognitive-especially memory-dysfunction. Methods Forty-seven patients with carotid artery stenosis were recruited into our study cohort. The Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA) were adopted to assess cognitive function, the Wechsler Memory Scale(WMS) to assess memory function, high-resolution MRI and enhanced ultrasound to evaluate carotid plaques, and computed tomography perfusion(CTP) imaging to evaluate intracranial blood perfusion. Single-factor analysis and multiple-factor regression analysis were used to analyze potential risk factors of cognitive impairment. Results Mini-Mental State Examination test results showed that 22 patients had cognitive impairment, and MoCA test results showed that 10 patients had cognitive impairment. Analysis of various risk factors indicated that the average memory quotient of female patients was higher than that of males(P = 0.024). The cognitive and memory performance of those with an educational background above high school were significantly better than those of participants with high school or lower(P = 0.045). Patients with abnormal intracranial perfusion performed worse on the MMSE test(P = 0.024), and their WMS scores were significantly lower(P = 0.007). The MMSE scores and the memory quotients were significantly lower in patients with a history of cerebral infarction(MMSE, P = 0.047, memory quotient score, P = 0.018). Conclusion A history of cerebral infarction and abnormal cerebral perfusion are associated with decline in overall cognitive function and memory in patients with carotid stenosis. Being female and having an educational background above high school may be protective factors in the development of cognitive dysfunction. | LUO Ru Tao WANG Pei Jiong DENG Xiao Feng ZHOU Shu Jie ZHAO Meng QIAN Jing ZHANG Dong WANG Rong ZHANG Yan | 2018 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2018，31，11： | 17 |
| 6 | 词汇联想网络分析在言语康复治疗中的应用前景显示文摘语言是人类认知能力的最直接体现之一,而记忆则是人类认知的重要环节。老化、痴呆、脑外伤和脑卒中等多种因素均能影响人的认知能力,并以联想记忆能力受损和交流功能障碍表现出来,针对这些功能障碍,目前临床上言语和记忆功能障碍已经有较为成熟的评估技术,如西方失语成套测验(western aphasia battery,WAB)、日本失语标准语言测验(standard language test of aphasia,SLTA)以及韦氏记忆量表(Wechsler memory scale,WMS)等。在治疗手段上通常进行治疗师和患者之间或患者与康复软件系统之间的交流训练。这些训练通常都需要使用词汇、概念或相关话题进行评估或选择训练的素材,如家庭生活环境词汇等。 | 林枫 江钟立 | 2008 | 中国康复医学杂志2008，23，4： | 17 |
| 7 | Self-memorization Equation in Atmospheric Motion显示文摘In view of the fact that the atmospheric motion isan irreversible process, a memory function which can recall observational data in the past is suggested. In terms of defining an inner product in Hilbert space, a new concept of self-memorization in the atmospheric motion is proposed, thus the traditional atmospheric motion equation is generalized to a self-memorization equation in inclusion of multi-time observations. Self-memorization equations of a barotropic nondivergent model and a barotropic primitive equation model are exemplified.It is proved that some existing difference schemes can be derived from the self-memorization equation by giving particular values to memory function. However, it demonstrates that multi-time numerical prediction models can be unified into a framework of self-memorization equation. If a stochastic method in solving the memory function is taken, the selfmemorization equation will be transformed to a sort of dynamic-stochastic prediction model. | 曹鸿兴 | 1993 | Science China Chemistry1993，36，7： | 16 |
| 8 | 基于AT89C52单片机的SD卡读写设计显示文摘长期以来,以Flash Memory为存储体的SD卡因具备体积小、功耗低、可擦写以及非易失性等特点而被广泛应用于消费类电子产品中。特别是近年来,随着价格不断下降且存储容量不断提高,它的应用范围日益增广。当数据采集系统需要长时间地采集、记录海量数据时,选择SD卡作为存储媒质是开发者们一个很好的选择。在电能监测以及无功补偿系统中,要连续记录大量的电压、电流、有功功率、无功功率以及时间等参数, | 苏义鑫 程敏 何力 | 2008 | 世界电子元器件2008，，5： | 16 |
| 9 | CuZnAl Shape Memory Alloy Refined with Composite Rare Earths La+Ce显示文摘The effects of composite rare earths La+Ce on properties of CuZnAl shape memory alloys were studied bymetallograph examination, tensile and bending tests, electric resistivity measurements, EDS and SEM. The test resultsshow that the grain size of CuZnAl shape memory alloys could be diminished effectively and the mechanical propertiesimproved obviously by the addition of composite rare earths La+Ce (La: Ce=1: 1). Meanwhile, the excellent shapememory properties remained unchanged. The results of microanalyses indicate that the composite rare earths were segregated at grain boundaries and impeded the grain growth, leading to the improvement of the mechanical properties ofCuZnAl alloys. If the amount of composite rare earths La+Ce was greater than 0. 10%, the shape memorial propertiesbecame poor. | 司乃潮 | 1999 | Journal of Rare Earths1999，17，4： | 16 |
| 10 | Memory materials and devices:From concept to application显示文摘Memory cells have always been an important element of information technology.With emerging technologies like big data and cloud computing,the scale and complexity of data storage has reached an unprecedented peak with a much higher requirement for memory technology.As is well known,better data storage is mostly achieved by miniaturization.However,as the size of the memory device is reduced,a series of problems,such as drain gate-induced leakage,greatly hinder the performance of memory units.To meet the increasing demands of information technology,novel and high-performance memory is urgently needed.Fortunately,emerging memory technologies are expected to improve memory performance and drive the information revolution.This review will focus on the progress of several emerging memory technologies,including two-dimensional material-based memories,resistance random access memory(RRAM),magnetic random access memory(MRAM),and phasechange random access memory(PCRAM).Advantages,mechanisms,and applications of these diverse memory technologies will be discussed in this review. | Zhenhan Zhang Zongwei Wang Tuo Shi Chong Bi Feng Rao Yimao Cai Qi Liu Huaqiang Wu Peng Zhou | 2020 | InfoMat2020，2，2： | 15 |
| 11 | Selective laser melting of NiTi alloy with superior tensile property and shape memory effect显示文摘It is a challenge to develop complex-shaped Ni Ti shape memory alloy parts by traditional processing methods, due to the poor machinability of Ni Ti alloy. It is reported that selective laser melting(SLM) of additive manufacturing could overcome this problem. However, the reported SLM-produced Ni Ti exhibits poor tensile ductility due to the inner defects and adverse unidirectional columnar grains from SLM process. In this work, the defect-less SLM-Ni Ti with nondirective columnar grains was fabricated by optimizing the intraformational laser scanning length and interformational laser scanning direction. The obtained lath-shaped SLM-Ni Ti sample exhibits tensile strain of 15.6%, more than twice of the reported maximum result(7%). Besides, the SLM-Ni Ti part with complex geometry displays a shape memory recovery of 99% under compressive deformation of 50%. | Zhiwei Xiong Zhonghan Li Zhen Sun Shijie Hao Ying Yang Meng Li Changhui Song Ping Qiu Lishan Cui | 2019 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2019，35，10： | 15 |
| 12 | 前瞻性记忆的神经机制显示文摘 | 程怀东 汪凯 | 2006 | 中华神经科杂志2006，39，2： | 14 |
| 13 | Glutamate receptor delocalization in postsynaptic membrane and reduced hippocampal synaptic plasticity in the early stage of Alzheimer's disease显示文摘Mounting evidence suggests that synaptic plasticity provides the cellular biological basis of learning and memory, and plasticity deficits play a key role in dementia caused by Alzheimer's disease. However, the mechanisms by which synaptic dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease remain unclear. In the present study, Alzheimer's disease transgenic mice were used to determine the relationship between decreased hippocampal synaptic plasticity and pathological changes and cognitive-behavioral deterioration, as well as possible mechanisms underlying decreased synaptic plasticity in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease-like diseases. APP/PS1 double transgenic(5 XFAD; Jackson Laboratory) mice and their littermates(wild-type, controls) were used in this study. Additional 6-weekold and 10-week-old 5 XFAD mice and wild-type mice were used for electrophysiological recording of hippocampal dentate gyrus. For10-week-old 5 XFAD mice and wild-type mice, the left hippocampus was used for electrophysiological recording, and the right hippocampus was used for biochemical experiments or immunohistochemical staining to observe synaptophysin levels and amyloid beta deposition levels. The results revealed that, compared with wild-type mice, 6-week-old 5 XFAD mice exhibited unaltered long-term potentiation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Another set of 5 XFAD mice began to show attenuation at the age of 10 weeks, and a large quantity of amyloid beta protein was accumulated in hippocampal cells. The location of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid receptor and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor subunits in synaptosomes was decreased. These findings indicate that the delocalization of postsynaptic glutamate receptors and an associated decline in synaptic plasticity may be key mechanisms in the early onset of Alzheimer's disease. The use and care of animals were in strict accordance with the ethical standards of the Animal Ethics Committee of Capital Medical University,China on December 17, 2015(approval No. AEEI-2015-182). | Ning Li Yang Li Li-Juan Li Ke Zhu Yan Zheng Xiao-Min Wang | 2019 | Neural Regeneration Research2019，14，6： | 14 |
| 14 | Emphasizing Essential Words for Sentiment Classification Based onRecurrent Neural Networks显示文摘With the explosion of online communication and publication, texts become obtainable via forums, chat mes-sages, blogs, book reviews and movie reviews. Usually, these texts are much short and noisy without sufficient statisticalsignals and enough information for a good semantic analysis. Traditional natural language processing methods such asBow-of-Word (BOW) based probabilistic latent semantic models fail to achieve high performance due to the short textenvironment. Recent researches have focused on the correlations between words, i.e., term dependencies, which could behelpful for mining latent semantics hidden in short texts and help people to understand them. Long short-term memory(LSTM) network can capture term dependencies and is able to remember the information for long periods of time. LSTMhas been widely used and has obtained promising results in variants of problems of understanding latent semantics of texts.At the same time, by analyzing the texts, we find that a number of keywords contribute greatly to the semantics of thetexts. In this paper, we establish a keyword vocabulary and propose an LSTM-based model that is sensitive to the wordsin the vocabulary; hence, the keywords leverage the semantics of the full document. The proposed model is evaluated ina short-text sentiment analysis task on two datasets: IMDB and SemEval-2016, respectively. Experimental results demon-strate that our model outperforms the baseline LSTM by 1%-2% in terms of accuracy and is effective with significantperformance enhancement over several non-recurrent neural network latent semantic models (especially in dealing withshort texts). We also incorporate the idea into a variant of LSTM named the gated recurrent unit (GRU) model and achievegood performance, which proves that our method is general enough to improve different deep learning models. | Fei Hu Li Li Zi-Li Zhang Jing-Yuan Wang Xiao-Fei Xu | 2017 | Journal of Computer Science & Technology2017，32，4： | 13 |
| 15 | 脑外伤后前瞻性记忆功能障碍的康复研究进展显示文摘记忆是人类基本的认知功能之一,可分为回溯性记忆(retrospective memory,RM)和前瞻性记忆(prospective memory,PM)两种,国内对于记忆的研究多专注于前者,而前瞻性记忆与日常生活密切相关,近10年来对前瞻性记忆功能障碍的康复研究已逐渐成为认知康复的热点问题之一。本文在复习了前瞻性记忆的概念和分类的基础上,介绍了脑外伤(traumatic brain injury,TBI)后前瞻性记忆功能障碍的临床表现和定位特点,以及国外使用过的评估手段和康复方法,对脑外伤后前瞻性记忆功能障碍的评估和康复目前所存在的问题及今后的研究方向综述如下。 | 罗子芮 窦祖林 | 2006 | 中华物理医学与康复杂志2006，28，12： | 12 |
| 16 | 黄芪甲苷拮抗Aβ1-42所致大鼠氧化应激,神经炎症和认知功能损伤(英文)显示文摘To investigate the neuroprotective action of astragalosideⅣ(AS-Ⅳ)on spatial learning and memory impairment induced by amyloid-beta 1-42(Aβ1-42)in rats and elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms.Methods Adult-male Sprague-Dawley rats(230-250 g)were divided into six groups randomly:control,Aβ1-42,AS-Ⅳ,Aβ1-42 plus 5 mg/kg·d AS-Ⅳ,Aβ1-42 plus 25 mg/kg·d AS-Ⅳ,and Aβ1-42 plus 50 mg/kg·d AS-Ⅳgroups.Aβ1-42 were delivered by intracerebroventricular injection under the guidance of a brain stereotaxic apparatus.The Morris water maze test(hidden platform test,probe trials,visible platform test)was performed one week after Aβ1-42 injection to obtain the ability of rat spatial learning and memory.AS-Ⅳ(5,25 and 50 mg/kg·d)was administrated intraperitoneally once per day from the 8th day after Aβ1-42 injection for 5 consecutive days.Average escape latencies,distances for searching for the platform under water and the percentage of total time elapsed and distance swam in the right quadrant after removing platform were determined by behavior software system. | 潘艳芳 贾晓涛 宋二飞 彭小忠 | 2018 | Chinese Medical Sciences Journal2018，33，1： | 12 |
| 17 | Possible mechanisms of lycopene amelioration of learning and memory impairment in rats with vascular dementia显示文摘Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of vascular dementia. Studies have shown that lycopene can significantly inhibit oxidative stress;therefore, we hypothesized that lycopene can reduce the level of oxidative stress in vascular dementia. A vascular dementia model was established by permanent bilateral ligation of common carotid arteries. The dosage groups were treated with lycopene(50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) every other day for 2 months. Rats without bilateral carotid artery ligation were prepared as a sham group. To test the ability of learning and memory, the Morris water maze was used to detect the average escape latency and the change of search strategy. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe changes of hippocampal neurons. The levels of oxidative stress factors, superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde, were measured in the hippocampus by biochemical detection. The levels of reactive oxygen species in the hippocampus were observed by dihydroethidium staining. The distribution and expression of oxidative stress related protein, neuron-restrictive silencer factor, in hippocampal neurons were detected by immunofluorescence histochemistry and western blot assays. After 2 months of drug administration,(1) in the model group, the average escape latency was longer than that of the sham group, and the proportion of straight and tend tactics was lower than that of the sham group, and the hippocampal neurons were irregularly arranged and the cytoplasm was hyperchromatic.(2) The levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde in the hippocampus of the model group rats were increased, and the activity of superoxide dismutase was decreased.(3) Lycopene(50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) intervention improved the above changes, and the lycopene 100 mg/kg group showed the most significant improvement effect.(4) Neuron-restrictive silencer factor expression in the hippocampus was lower in the sham group and the lycopene 100 mg/kg group than in the model group.(5) The above data indicate that lycopene 100 mg/kg could protect against the learning-memory ability impairment of vascular dementia rats. The protective mechanism was achieved by inhibiting oxidative stress in the hippocampus. The experiment was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Fujian Medical University, China(approval No. 2014-025) in June 2014. | Ning-Wei Zhu Xiao-Lan Yin Ren Lin Xiao-Lan Fan Shi-Jie Chen Yuan-Ming Zhu Xiao-Zhen Zhao | 2020 | Neural Regeneration Research2020，15，2： | 11 |
| 18 | Fundamental mechanisms and phenomena of clathrate hydrate nucleation显示文摘Insights into the mechanism of hydrate nucleation are of great significance for the development of hydrate-based technologies,hydrate relevant flow assurance,and the exploration of in situ natural gas hydrates.Compared with the thermodynamics of hydrate formation,understanding the nucleation mechanism is challenging and has drawn substantial attention in recent decades.In this paper,we attempt to give a comprehensive review of the recent progress of studies of clathrate hydrate nucleation.First,the existing hypotheses on the hydrate nucleation mechanism are introduced and discussed.Then,we summarize recent experimental studies on induction time,a key parameter evaluating the velocity of the nucleation process.Subsequently,the memory effect is particularly discussed,followed by the suggestion of several promising research perspectives. | Jinlong Cui Zhenfeng Sun Xiaohui Wang Bin Yu Shudong Leng Guangjin Chen Changyu Sun | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2019，27，9： | 11 |
| 19 | 镍钛形状记忆合金材料在骨科应用的研究进展显示文摘自1963年Buehler报道了镍钛合金(nitinol)具有形状记忆效应,此后对其本质和应用研究目趋深入。国内外对镍钛形状记忆合金(nitinol shape memory alloy NiTi-SMA)的基础和临床应用做了大量研究,结果表明:NiTi-SMA在体内长期植入可释放Ni离子,因美国、日本、西欧等国家, | 王勇平 陈根元 刘小荣 | 2010 | 生物骨科材料与临床研究2010，7，2： | 11 |
| 20 | Notoginseng Saponin Rg1 Prevents Cognitive Impairment through Modulating APP Processing in Aβ1-42-injected Rats显示文摘With the intensification of the aging process of the world,Alzheimer's disease(AD),which is the main type of senile dementia,has become a primary problem in the present society.Lots of strategies have been used to prevent and treat AD in animal nlodels and clinical trials,but most of them ended in failure.Panax notoginseng saponins(PNS)contain a variety of monomer compositions which have been separated and identified.Among of the monomer compositions,notoginseng saponin Rg1(Rg1)accounts for 20%of the cultivation of panax notoginseng roots.And now PNS have been reported to be widely used to treat cardicerebrovascular diseases and have neuroprotective effects to restrain theβ-amyloid peptide(Aβ)25-35-niediated apoptosis.Moreover,it is reported that PNS could accelerate the growth of nerve cells,increase the length of axons and promote synaptic plasticity.Whether Rg1 can ameliorate the cognitive impairment and the underlying mechanism has not been elucidated.To study the preventive effect of Rg1 on cognitive impairment and the possible mechanism,we established the cognitive impairment model in rats through Aβ1-42(2.6μg/μL,5μL)injection and then treated the rats with Rg1(25,50 and 100 mg/kg)administered intragastrically for 4 weeks.We observed that Aβ1-42 could induce spatial learning and memory deficits in rats.Simultaneously,Aβ1-42 injection also resulted in the reduced neuron number in comuammonis 1(CA1)and dentate gyrus(DG)of hippocampus,as well as the increased level of hyperphosphorylatedβ-amyloid precursor protein(APP)at Thr668 site with up-regulation ofβ-APP cleaving enzyme 1(BACE1)and presenilin 1(PS1)and down-regulation of a disintegrin and metalloprotease domain-containing protein 10(ADAM 10)and insulindegrading enzyme(IDE).Administration of Rg1 effectively rescued the cognitive impairment and neuronal loss,and inhibited theβ-secretase processing of APP through reducing APP-Thr668 phosphorylation and BACE1/PS1 expression,and increasing the expression of ADAM 10 and IDE.We concluded that Rg1 might have neuroprotective effects and could promote learning and memory ability,which might be a viable candidate in AD therapy probably through reducing the generation of Aβand increasing the degradation of Aβ. | Shang-zhi LIU Wei CHENG Jia-wei SHAO Yun-fan GU Yi-yi ZHU Qi-jing DONG Si-yu BAI Ping WANG Li LIN | 2019 | Current Medical Science2019，39，2： | 11 |
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