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| 1 | Dynamical Framework of IAP Nine-Level Atmospheric General Circulation Model显示文摘The dynamical framework of the nine-level version of the IAP AGCM is presented in this paper. The emphasis of the model’s description is put on the following two aspects:(1) A model’s standard atmosphere, which is a satisfactory approximation to the observed troposphere and lower stratosphere standard atmosphere, is introduced into the equations of the model to permit a more accurate calculation of the vertical transport terms, especially near the tropopause; (2) The vertical levels of the model are carefully selected to guarantee a smooth dependence of layer thickness upon pressure in order to reduce the truncation error involved in the unequal interval vertical finite-differencing. For testing the model, two kinds of linear baroclinic Rossby-Haurwitz waves, one of which has a dynamically stable vertical structure and the other has a relatively unstable one, are constructed to provide initial conditions for numerical experiments. The two waves have been integrated for more than 300 days and 100 days | 张学洪 | 1990 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences1990，7，1： | 48 |
| 2 | A Further Inquiry on the Mechanism of 30-60 Day Oscillation in the Tropical Atmosphere显示文摘In a simple semi-geostropic model on the equatorial β-plane, the theoretical analysis on the 30-60 day oscillation in the tropical atmosphere is further discussed based on the wave-CISK mechanism. The convection heating can excite the CISK-Kelvm wave and CISK-Rossby wave in the tropical atmosphere and they are all the low-frequency modes which drive the activities of 30-60 day oscillation in the tropics. The most favorable conditions to excite the CISK-Kelvin wave and CISK-Rossby wave are indicated: There is convection heating but not very strong in the atmosphere and there is weaker disturbance in the lower troposphere.The influences of vertical shearing of basic flow in the troposphere on the 30-60 day oscillation in the tropics are also discussed. | 李崇银 | 1993 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences1993，10，1： | 19 |
| 3 | Non-Acceleration Theorem in a Primitive Equation System: I. Acceleration of Zonal Mean Flow显示文摘Non-acceleration theorem in a primitive equation system is developed to investigate the influences of waves on the mean flow variation against external forcing. Numerical results show that mechanical forcing overwhelms thermal forcing in maintaining the mean flow in which the internal mechanical forcing associated with horizontal eddy flux of momentum plays the most important roles. Both internal forcing and external forcing are shown to be active and at the first place for the mean flow variations, whereas the forcing-induced mean meridional circulation is passive and secondary. It is also shown that the effects on mean flow of external mechanical forcing are concentrated in the lower troposphere, whereas those due to wave-mean flow interaction are more important in the upper troposphere. These act together and result in the vertically easterly shear in low latitudes and westerly shear in mid-latitudes. This vertical shear of mean flow is to some extent weakened by thermal forcing. | 吴国雄 陈彪 | 1989 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences1989，6，1： | 11 |
| 4 | ZONAL MEAN STRUCTURES OF THE EXTRATROPICAL TROPOSPHERE显示文摘The study of mean circulation fields requires evaluation of eddy foreings in the atmosphere.Due to the difficulty incalculating the eddy forcings on theory,the mean state equations including the eddy forcings were used mostly fordiagnostic studies only.Using the geostrophic perturbation solutions obtained by McHall (1991a),we may deal withtheoretically the eddy fluxes and their convergence.This allows us to employ the mean state equations for the study ofmean circulation fields.It will be found that the time averaged zonal mean structure and circulation of the troposphereat middle and high latitudes can be reproduced basically in terms of the mass and momentum balances in geostrophicwave circulations. | Y.L.McHall Department of Earth,Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences,MIT,MA 02139,USA | 1993 | Acta meteorologica Sinica1993，7，2： | 5 |
| 5 | Nonlinear Planetary Wave Instability and Blocking显示文摘The instability of geostrophic wave circulations related to the nonlinear processes involved in the zonal mean heat balance equations is studied. It is found that the planetary waves may be destabilized by thermal forcing in specific baroclinic layers, called the breaking layers. The critical conditions of the instability will be given. In the troposphere, these conditions may be provided in blocking regions and the development of planetary perturbations is characterized distinctly by the unset, maintenance and decay of observed blocks. The whole blocking episode cannot be described as either the barotropic or baroclinic process only. The limitations on the study of wave-wave interaction using spectral models or spectrum analyses will be discussed also. | Yong.L.McHall | 1992 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences1992，9，2： | 4 |
| 6 | Research on variety characteristics of China's Mainland troposphere based on CMONOC显示文摘In this research, we processed the GPS and meteorological data from about 220 stations of Crustal Movement Observation Network of China(CMONOC) observed in 2014 and derived the Zenith Total Delay(ZTD) map in both spatial and temporal dimension. The results of ZTD have high accurate and reliable as IGS and all sites with varying locations show obvious variety characteristics of Chinese mainland. Meanwhile, the precipitable water vapor(PWV) correlation coefficients between GPS observation and upper air sounding is close to 1, and the comparison of GPS-derived PWV and observed PWV from meteorological sites indicating GPS observation data generated in CMONOC project applied to the weather forecast research is feasible. In addition, based on all stations covered the whole Chinese land area and using interpolation algorithms, we make contour plots of PWV distribution per hour. We observe obvious feature that the precipitable water in north and western area is less than south and east area all over this year. High latitudes area may be dry and low latitudes area is wet. | Hongbo Shi Rui Zhang Zhaosheng Nie Yu Li Zhengsong Chen Tan Wang | 2018 | Geodesy and Geodynamics2018，9，5： | 3 |
| 7 | BALLOON-BORNE MEASUREMENTS OF AEROSOL VERTICAL DISTRIBUTIONS OVER BEIJING DURING THE SUMMER AND AUTUMN OF 1993显示文摘The results of two balloon soundings during the summer and autumn of 1993 from the Xianghe Observation Stationare being utilized in a study of the temporal and spatial distribution of the atmospheric aerosols.The balloon,gondola,instrumentation and atmospheric conditions during the observation period are described.The temporal and spatialcharacteristics of aerosol concentration,size ratio,mixing ratio,and size distribution for both troposphere and strato-sphere are presented and analyzed. | 周军 谭锟 邵石生 龚知本 石广玉 郭建东 王标 张豹武 孙宝来 Yasunobu Iwasaka Masahiko Hayashi Masahiro Hase | 1994 | Acta meteorologica Sinica1994，8，4： | 3 |
| 8 | VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOL AT ALTITUDES FROM 0 TO 30 KM显示文摘Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION Aerosol, an important atmospheric component, exists in the whole atmosphere. The vertical sounding of atmospheric aerosol from the troposphere to the stratosphere | 任丽新 游荣高 张育堂 | 1985 | Chinese Science Bulletin1985，30，6： | 2 |
| 9 | Relationship between extensive and persistent extreme cold events in China and stratospheric circulation anomalies显示文摘This study examines the relationship between the extensive and persistent extreme cold events(EPECEs)in China and geopotential height anomalies in the stratosphere using daily mean fields of outgoing long wave radiation(OLR)produced by the NCAR and daily atmospheric circulations produced by the NCEP/NCAR.The OLR composite analysis for the EPECE in China demonstrates that the negative OLR height anomalies(cold air)originated from Siberia influence China progressively from north to south.The largest negative OLR height anomaly(cooling event)occurs in the region to the north of the Nanling Mountains.This suggests that the OLR height anomalies can be used to represent the temporal and spatial characteristics of extreme low temperatures and cold air activities in winter in China.The composite analysis of large-scale atmospheric circulations during the EPECE reveals characteristic evolutions of stratospheric and tropospheric circulations during the extreme cold event.We demonstrate the important role of atmospheric circulation anomalies in the outbreak and dissipation of the EPECE in China.We also demonstrate that significant perturbations in the stratospheric circulation occur more than 10 days prior to the outbreak of the EPECE,with positive height anomalies in the Arctic stratosphere.These positive anomalies propagate downward from the stratosphere and affect the formation and development of the high pressure ridge in the middle troposphere over the Ural Mountains.Significant changes also occur in the atmospheric circulation in the mid-latitude stratosphere.These changes propagate downward from the stratosphere and strengthen the low pressure trough in the troposphere in the region to the east of Lake Balkhash and Lake Baikal.Therefore,the changes in the stratospheric circulation during the EPECE in China occur prior to changes in the tropospheric circulation and are very useful for predicting extreme wintertime cold temperatures in China. | Hui Yang Xinrong Chen Gui-Ying Yang | 2016 | Satellite Oceanography and Meteorology2016，1，1： | 2 |
| 10 | INFLUENCE OF THE BASIC FLOW IN THE TROPICS ON THE STATIONARY PLANETARY WAVES AT MIDDLE AND HIGH LATITUDES DURING THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE WINTER显示文摘The relationship between the quasi-stationary planetary waves forced by topography and heat sourceduring the Northern Hemisphere winter is investigated by means of a quasi-geostrophic,34-level,sphericalcoordinate model with the Rayleigh friction,the Newtonian cooling and the horizontal eddy thermal diffu-sion.The calculated results show that when the basic flow is the westerly in the tropical stratosphere,theamplitude of quasi-stationary planetary wave for zonal wavenumber 2 at middle and high latitudes is largerduring the Northern Hemispheric winter;while when the basic flow is the easterly,it is smaller.This is inagreement with the observed results.The calculated results also show that influence of the basic flow in the tropical troposphere on the quasi-stationary planetary waves is larger than that of the basic flow in the tropical stratosphere on the quasi-stationary planetary waves. | 黄荣辉 严邦良 | 1989 | Acta meteorologica Sinica1989，3，4： | 2 |
| 11 | Hydroxyl,hydroperoxyl free radicals determination methods in atmosphere and troposphere显示文摘The hydroxyl radical(·OH)has a crucial function in the oxidation and removal of many atmospheric compounds that are harmful to health.Nevertheless,high reactivity,low atmospheric abundance,determination of hydroxyl,and hydroperoxyl radical’s quantity is very difficult.In the atmosphere and troposphere,hydroperoxyl radicals(HO_(2))are closely demanded in the chemical oxidation of the troposphere.But advances in technology have allowed researchers to improve the determination methods on the research of free radicals through some spectroscopic techniques.So far,several methods such as laser-induced fluorescence(LIF),high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),and chemical ionization mass spectroscopy have been identified and mostly used in determining the quantity of hydroxyl and hydroperoxyl radicals.In this systematic review,we have advised the use of scavenger as an advance for further researchers to circumvent some of these problems caused by free radicals.The primary goal of this review is to deepen our understanding of the functions of the most critical free radical(·OH,HO_(2))and also understand the currently used methods to quantify them in the atmosphere and troposphere. | Guoying Wang Yves Iradukunda Gaofeng Shi Pascaline Sanga Xiuli Niu Zhijun Wu | 2021 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2021，33，1： | 2 |
| 12 | Radiosonde observations of high-latitude planetary waves in the lower atmosphere显示文摘The characteristics of high-latitude planetary waves (PWs) in the troposphere and lower stratosphere (TLS) are studied by using the data from radiosonde observations during 1998 to 2006 at three Alaskan stations in USA (Nome, 64.50°N, 165.43°W; McGrath, 62.97°N, 155.62°W; Fairbanks, 64.82°N, 147.87°W). It is found that strong PWs exist in two regions. One is around tropopause, and the other is in the polar night jet (PNJ) in winter. The PW activities are rather intermittent, and their lifetimes are no longer than two months. Among three perturbation components in zonal and meridional winds and temperature, the temperature disturbance amplitude is the smallest, and the amplitude for the meridional wind component the largest. Around the tropopause, quasi 5-, 10-, and 16-day PW activities can be observed simultaneously. Among these PW components, the quasi 5-day and 10-day PW are the weakest and strongest, respectively. Moreover, PWs around the tropopause are complex and no obvious season variability can be observed. However, in the PNJ, the higher region, only obvious quasi 10-day and 16-day PWs remain, with smaller amplitudes than those around the tropopause. And significant PWs in the PNJ occur only in winter. By calculating the refractive index for PWs, it is found that there is a persistent reflection layer around 11 km, which is thick in summer and becomes thin or even disappears in winter, revealing that PWs in the stratosphere can only occur in winter. PWs in the 2003/2004 winter at the three stations are analyzed in detail. It is found that for the focused observation duration, the quasi 10-day and quasi 16-day waves exist mainly in the troposphere and stratosphere, respectively. The quasi 10-day wave is a standing wave in the vertical direction, with vertical wavelength about 12 km in the temperature component and larger than 26 km in the meridional component. Moreover, the tropospheric quasi 10-day wave propagates westward with the zonal numbers between 2 and 4. The quasi 16-day wave is also a standing wave in the vertical direction with vertical wavelength larger than 20 km, and seems to be a stationary wave in the horizontal direction. | WANG Rui1,2,3, ZHANG ShaoDong1,2,3 & YI Fan1,2,3 1 School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China 2 Key Laboratory of Geospace Environment and Geodesy, Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430079, China 3 State Observatory for Atmospheric Remote Sensing, Wuhan 430079, China | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，6： | 1 |
| 13 | EVOLUTION OF TROPOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE FIELDS AND CORRESPONDING THERMAL MECHANISMS BEFORE/AFTER ONSET PERIODS OF ASIAN SUMMER MONSOON显示文摘在印第安人和华南海季风区域和他们的热机制上的 tropospheric 温度地的进化从三月在时期期间被比作并且分析 1996 年 6 月。结果证明印第安人和华南海夏天季风的发作仔细与在 10 瑮 ? 祣汣湯捩瘠牯整 ? 湯琠敨爠杩?漠 ? 桴 ? 畋潲桳潩 ? 牵敲瑮映潲 ? 慊畮牡 ? 潴 ?杵獵t | 简茂球 贺海晏 | 2000 | Journal of Tropical Meteorology2000，6，2： | 1 |
| 14 | A multi-location joint field observation of the stratosphere and troposphere over the Tibetan Plateau显示文摘The unique geographical location and high altitude of the Tibetan Plateau can greatly influence regional weather and climate.In particular, the Asian summer monsoon(ASM) anticyclone circulation system over the Tibetan Plateau is recognized to be a significant transport pathway for water vapor and pollutants to enter the stratosphere. To improve understanding of these physical processes, a multi-location joint atmospheric experiment was performed over the Tibetan Plateau from late July to August in 2018, funded by the fiveyear(2018–2022) STEAM(stratosphere and troposphere exchange experiment during ASM) project, during which multiple platforms/instruments—including long-duration stratospheric balloons, dropsondes, unmanned aerial vehicles, special sounding systems, and ground-based and satellite-borne instruments—will be deployed. These complementary methods of data acquisition are expected to provide comprehensive atmospheric parameters(aerosol, ozone, water vapor, CO_2, CH_4, CO, temperature, pressure,turbulence, radiation, lightning and wind); the richness of this approach is expected to advance our comprehension of key mechanisms associated with thermal, dynamical, radiative, and chemical transports over the Tibetan Plateau during ASM activity. | JinQiang Zhang Yi Liu HongBin Chen ZhaoNan Cai ZhiXuan Bai LingKun Ran Tao Luo Jing Yang YiNan Wang YueJian Xuan YinBo Huang XiaoQing Wu JianChun Bian DaRen Lu | 2019 | Earth and Planetary Physics2019，3，2： | 1 |
| 15 | DISTRIBUTION OF AEROSOL EXTINCTION IN THE LOWER TROPOSPHERE BY MICRO-PULSE LIDAR OBSERVATION显示文摘The profiles of aerosol extinction coefficients are investigated by micro-pulse lidar(MPL)combined with the meteorological data in the lower troposphere at Meteorological ResearchInstitute(MRI).Japan.Larger extinction values of aerosol are demonstrated in the nocturnalstable air layer with larger Richardson number,and light wind velocities are favorable for aerosolconcentrating in the planetary boundary layer(PBL).But aerosol extinction coefficients showlarger values over the altitudes of 2.0 to 5.0km where correspond to higher relative humidity(RH).The tops of PBL identified by the aerosol extinction profiles almost agree with ones byradiosonde data.The diurnal variations of aerosol extinction profiles are clearly displayed,intensive aerosol layers usually are formed over the period of mid-morning to 1400 Loeal Time(LT).then elapse in the cloudless late afternoon and nighttime.Thermal eonvection or turbulenttransport from the surfaee probably dominates these temporal and spatial changes of aerosoldistribution. | 吴永华 胡欢陵 周军 | 2000 | Acta meteorologica Sinica2000，14，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Advances in Researches on the Middle and Upper Atmosphere in 2010—2012显示文摘This article summarizes the researches on the middle and upper atmosphere by Chinese scientists in 2010-2012.The focuses are placed on the advances in construction of ground-based remote sensing facilities,the mean state and long-term changes in the middle atmosphere circulation, the prevailing dynamical processes,and the coupling of the middle atmospheric layers. | CHEN Zeyu CHEN Hongbin LIU Xiao HU Xiong BIAN Jianchu CHEN Wen ZHANG Shaodong XUE Xianghui | 2012 | 空间科学学报2012，32，5： | 0 |
| 17 | Modeling and Analysis of the Impacts of Temporal-Spatial Variant Troposphere on Ground-Based SAR Imaging of Asteroids显示文摘The near-Earth asteroid collisions could cause catastrophic disasters to humanity and the Earth,so it is crucial to monitor asteroids.Ground-based synthetic aperture radar(SAR)is an observation technique for high resolution imaging of asteroids.The ground-based SAR requires a long integration time to achieve a large synthetic aperture,and the echo signal will be seriously affected by temporal-spatial variant troposphere.Traditional spatiotemporal freezing tropospheric models are ineffective.To cope with this,this paper models and analyses the impacts of temporal-spatial variant troposphere on ground-based SAR imaging of asteroids.For the background tropo-sphere,a temporal-spatial variant ray tracing method is proposed to trace the 4D(3D spatial+temporal)refractive index network provided by the numerical weather model,and calculate the error of the background troposphere.For the tropospheric turbulence,the Andrew power spectral model is used in conjunction with multiphase screen theory,and varying errors are obtained by tracking the changing position of the pierce point on the phase screen.Through simulation,the impact of temporal-spatial variant tropospheric errors on image quality is analyzed,and the simulation results show that the X-band echo signal is seriously affected by the troposphere and the echo signal must be compensated. | Tingting Fu Yuanhao Li Zhiyang Chen Zheng Wu Cheng Hu | 2023 | Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology2023，32，6： | 0 |
| 18 | DYNAMIC INFLUENCE OF QINGHAI-XIZANG PLATEAU AND ROCKY MOUNTAINS ON THE LEE CYCLONES显示文摘Using the operational model(B model)of Beijing Meteorological Center,we do some of numerical experi-ments of crossing and rounding mountains in all velocity adjustment scheme,and study dynamic effect ofQinghai-Xizang Plateau and Rocky Mountains on lee cyclones.The results show that due to air flow roundthe Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,divergence is distributed in the shape of confluence which matches cyclogenesisarea and cyclonic track in East Asia.In the downstream of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,convergence inthe upper troposphere restrains cyclone development in the east of China mainland.In North America,air flow primarily crosses over Rocky Mountains.Air is adiabatically cooled when it flows upward in thewest flank of Rocky Mountains,while air is warmed when it flows downward in the lee side.The fact isimportant for the lee cyclogenesis and the lee frontogenesis of Rocky Mountains.Air flow crossing over RockyMountains is also the main cause for forming dryline in the mid-west of United States. | 盛华 陶诗言 | 1989 | Acta meteorologica Sinica1989，3，2： | 0 |
| 19 | TROPOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR OBSERVATIONS USING A RAMAN LIDAR OVER HEFEI显示文摘This paper presents a Raman lidar for measuring tropospheric water vapor profiles over Hefei (31.9°N,117.17°E),China.Intercomparisons of water vapor mixing ratio obtained by this Raman lidar and GZZ-59 type radiosonde observations show the good agreements when relative humidity is higher than 20%.Typical vertical profiles and seasonal variations of water vapor mixing ratio distribution are reported.Many observation eases indicate that the high moisture layer corresponds to large aerosol scattering ratios in the lower troposphere. | 吴永华 胡欢陵 胡顺星 李琛 周军 | 2003 | Acta meteorologica Sinica2003，17，4： | 0 |
| 20 | Cross - equatorial flow and its effects on the hurricanes occurrence over the Southern Hemisphere显示文摘Channels of cross - equatorial flow and their characteristics Winds at every 5 deg. grid point from 30°E to 180° over the equator at 850 hPa and 200hPa from December 1984 to February 1985 have been separated into U(zonal wind) andV(meridional wind).The V component has been used to represent cross- equatorial flow. FromFig. 1 we obtained that as during the Northern summer,there are also severa1 regions in | Qian Ping and Wang JingyiNational Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, Beijing, China | 1989 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica1989，8，2： | 0 |
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