Coding metamaterials, digital metamaterials and programmable metamaterials

查看全文 作　　者：Tie Jun [1,2]Cui;Mei Qing [1]Qi;Xiang [1]Wan;Jie [1]Zhao;Qiang [1,2]Cheng

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves,Southeast University,Nanjing 210096,China;[2]Cooperative Innovation Centre of Terahertz Science,University of Electronic Science and Technology,Chengdu 611731,China

出　　处：《Light(Science & Applications)》索引2014年第3卷第1期,共9页

基　　金：This work was supported in part by the National High Tech(863)Projects(2012AA030402 and 2011AA010202);in part by the National Science Foundation of China(61138001,60990320 and 60990324);in part by the 111 Project(111-2-05)and in part by the Joint Research Center on Terahertz Science. 摘　　要：Metamaterials are artificial structures that are usually described by effective medium parameters on the macroscopic scale,and these metamaterials are referred to as‘analog metamaterials’.Here,we propose‘digital metamaterials’through two steps.First,we present‘coding metamaterials’that are composed of only two types of unit cells,with 0 and p phase responses,which we name‘0’and‘1’elements,respectively.By coding‘0’and‘1’elements with controlled sequences(i.e.,1-bit coding),we can manipulate electromagnetic(EM)waves and realize different functionalities.The concept of coding metamaterials can be extended from 1-bit coding to 2-bit coding or higher.In 2-bit coding,four types of unit cells,with phase responses of 0,p/2,p,and 3p/2,are required to mimic the‘00’,‘01’,‘10’and‘11’elements,respectively.The 2-bit coding has greater freedom than 1-bit coding for controlling EM waves.Second,we propose a unique metamaterial particle that has either a‘0’or‘1’response controlled by a biased diode.Based on this particle,we present‘digital metamaterials’with unit cells that possess either a‘0’or‘1’state.Using a field-programmable gate array,we realize digital control over the digital metamaterial.By programming different coding sequences,a single digital metamaterial has the ability to manipulate EM waves in different manners,thereby realizing‘programmable metamaterials’.The above concepts and physical phenomena are confirmed through numerical simulations and experiments using metasurfaces. 关键词：CODING DIGITAL METAMATERIAL metasurface PROGRAMMABLE

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Coding metamaterials, digital metamaterials and programmable metamaterials

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