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| 1 | Mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinoma progression显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the most common primary malignancy of the liver. It is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with a very poor prognosis. In the United States, there has been only minimal improvement in the prognosis for HCC patients over the past 15 years. Details of the molecular mechanisms and other mechanisms of HCC progression remain unclear. Consequently, there is an urgent need for better understanding of these mechanisms. HCC is often diagnosed at advanced stages, and most patients will therefore need systemic therapy, with sorafenib being the most common at the present time. However, sorafenib therapy only minimally enhances patient survival. This review provides a summary of some of the known mechanisms that either cause HCC or contribute to its progression. Included in this review are the roles of viral hepatitis, non-viral hepatitis, chronic alcohol intake, genetic predisposition and congenital abnormalities, toxic exposures, and autoimmune diseases of the liver. Well-established molecular mechanisms of HCC progression such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition, tumor-stromal interactions and the tumor microenvironment, cancer stem cells, and senescence bypass are also discussed. Additionally, we discuss the roles of circulating tumor cells,immunomodulation, and neural regulation as potential new mechanisms of HCC progression. A better understanding of these mechanisms could have implications for the development of novel and more effective therapeutic and prognostic strategies, which are critically needed. | Olorunseun O Ogunwobi Trisheena Harricharran Jeannette Huaman Anna Galuza Oluwatoyin Odumuwagun Yin Tan Grace X Ma Minhhuyen T Nguyen | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，19： | 21 |
| 2 | Contribution of functional KIR3DL1 to ankylosing spondylitis显示文摘Increasing evidence points to a role for killer immunoglobulin-like receptors(KIRs)in the development of autoimmune diseases.In particular,a positive association of KIR3DS1(activating receptor)and a negative association of KIR3DL1(inhibitory receptor)alleles with ankylosing spondylitis(AS)have been reported by several groups.However,none of the studies analyzed these associations in the context of functionality of polymorphic KIR3DL1.To better understand how the KIR3DL1/3DS1 genes determine susceptibility to AS,we analyzed the frequencies of alleles and genotypes encoding functional(KIR3DL1*F)and non-functional(KIR3DL1*004)receptors.We genotyped 83 AS patients and 107 human leukocyte antigen(HLA)-B27-positive healthy controls from the Russian Caucasian population using a two-stage sequence-specific primer PCR,which distinguishes KIR3DS1,KIR3DL1*F and KIR3DL1*004 alleles.For the patients carrying two functional KIR3DL1 alleles,those alleles were additionally genotyped to identify KIR3DL1*005 and KIR3DL1*007 alleles,which are functional but are expressed at low levels.KIR3DL1 was negatively associated with AS at the expense of KIR3DL1*F but not of KIR3DL1*004.This finding indicates that the inhibitory KIR3DL1 receptor protects against the development of AS and is not simply a passive counterpart of the segregating KIR3DS1 allele encoding the activating receptor.However,analysis of genotype frequencies indicates that the presence of KIR3DS1 is a more important factor for AS susceptibility than the absence of KIR3DL1*F.The activation of either natural killer(NK)or T cells via the KIR3DS1 receptor can be one of the critical events in AS development,while the presence of the functional KIR3DL1 receptor has a protective effect.Nevertheless,even individuals with a genotype that carried two inhibitory KIR3DL1 alleles expressed at high levels could develop AS. | Ivan V Zvyagin Ilgar Z Mamedov Olga V Britanova Dmitriy B Staroverov Evgeni L Nasonov Anna G Bochkova Anna V Chkalina Alexei A Kotlobay Dmitriy O Korostin Denis V Rebrikov Sergey Lukyanov Yuri B Lebedev Dmitriy M Chudakov | 2010 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2010，7，6： | 5 |
| 3 | Lamivudine therapy for children with chronic hepatitis B显示文摘瞄准:为了估计,为失败到的有长期的肝炎 B (CHB ) 的孩子的 lamivudine 治疗的有效性和副作用对作出回应或有禁止徵候到 interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha ) 治疗。方法:有 CHB 的 59 个孩子被对待, 100 片 mg lamivudine 药片每天为 12 瞬间口头上地给一次。丙氨酸 aminotransferase (中高音) 活动在它的中止以后在治疗和每 3 瞬间期间每月被评估。HBe 抗原, anti-HBe 抗体,在浆液的 HBV DNA 水平在基线和每六个月被评估在期间并且在 lamivudine 治疗以后。对 lamivudine 治疗的持续病毒的反应(SVR ) 被定义为永久(比在治疗的结束以后的 6 瞬间不短) ,也就是中高音活动正规化,到 anti-HBe 抗体的 HBeAg 的 seroconversion,和在浆液的无法发现的病毒的 HBV-DNA (比 200 个拷贝低每 mL ) 。lamivudine 治疗的副作用的分析有关测试在治疗以后在治疗,和每 3 瞬间期间每月在临床的访问期间执行了的主观、客观的症状,临床的考试,和实验室用一张问询表在病人和他们的父母的会见之上被基于。结果:中高音 normalisation 发生在 47 (79.7%) 病人在之间第一和 11 (th ) 治疗的瞬间(吝啬的 4.4+/-2.95 瞬间,中部 4.0 瞬间) ,并且在 18 (30.5%) 他们在治疗的 2 瞬间以后。在中高音正规化和孩子们的年龄的时间之间没有关联, HBV 感染的年龄, HBV 感染的持续时间,发炎活动分数(分级) ,阶段,在治疗前的中高音活动,浆液 HBV DNA 水平,和 lamivudine 每体重的 kg 开。HBeAg/anti HBe seroconversion 在 27.1% 盒子中被完成。seroconversion 的更高的率与更低的浆液 HBV DNA 水平和 HBV 感染的更长的持续时间被连接。在 HBeAg/anti HBeAb seroconversion 和孩子们之间没有连接,分级是年龄, HBV 感染的年龄,阶段,在治疗前的中高音活动,和 lamivudnie 每体重的 kg 开。没有抱怨或临床的症状在 lamivudine 治疗期间被观察。肾的功能或骨髓中毒的效果的缺陷病人在没有被注意。结论:为有长期的肝炎 B 的孩子的一年 lamivudine 治疗有效、很好容忍。HBeAg/HBeAb 和 SVR 的 Seroconversion 与更低的预告的处理浆液 HBV DNA 水平被连接。 | Anna Liberek Anna Szaflarska-Poplawska Maria Korzon Gra(?)yna (?)uczak Magdalena Góra-Gebka Ewa (?)o(s|')-Rycharska Wanda Bako Mieczyslawa Czerwionka-Szaflarska | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，15： | 4 |
| 4 | Lessons from look-back in acute liver failure? A single centre experience of 3300 patients显示文摘 | William Bernal Anna Hyyrylainen Amit Gera Vinod K. Audimoolam Mark J.W. McPhail Georg Auzinger Mohammed Rela Nigel Heaton John G. O’Grady Julia Wendon Roger Williams | 2013 | Journal of Hepatology2013，，1： | 2 |
| 5 | A One-Hour Sleep Restriction Impacts Brain Processing in Young Children Across Tasks: Evidence From Event-Related Potentials显示文摘 | DennisL. Molfese Anna Ivanenko AlexandraFonaryova Key Adrienne Roman VictoriaJ. Molfese LouiseM. O’Brien David Gozal Srinivas Kota CaitlinM. Hudac | 2013 | Developmental Neuropsychology2013，，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Geographic variation and environmental conditions as cofactors in Chlamydia psittaci association with ocular adnexal lymphomas:a comparison between Italian and African samples显示文摘 | Alessandro C Anna O Giuseppina A | 2010 | Hernatol Oncol2010，28，： | 1 |
| 7 | Determination of or- ganophosphorous flame reretardants in fish tissues by ma- trix solid- phase dispersion and gas chromatography 显示文摘 | Luca C Anna L P Conny O | 2010 | Anal Bioanal Chem2010，397，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Anionic liposomes for small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) delivery to primary neuronal cells: Evaluation of alpha-synuclein knockdown efficacy显示文摘Alpha-synuclein (在 Lewy 身体(磅) 的 -syn) 免职是 Parkinsons 疾病(PD ) 的主要 neuropathological 特点之一。磅累积被认为 PD 的一个原因的因素,它建议针对减少 -syn 层次的策略能为它的处理是相关的。在现在的学习,我们开发了对明确地被设计由 RNA 干扰减少 neuronal -syn 的小介入核糖核酸酸(siRNA ) 的全身的交货合适的新奇 nanocarriers。当一个指向的代理人被准备,与为 -syn 基因 silencing 复杂、与狂犬病病毒 glycoprotein (RVG ) 装饰的 siRNA 鱼精朊装载的 Anionic liposomes 导出肽。nanoparticles 为他们装载,保护,并且交付到老鼠的功能的 siRNA 的能力被描绘象他们的效率到一样的主要海马趾、外皮的神经原在这些房间导致基因 silencing。而且, nanocarriers 在浆液为他们的稳定性被评估。装饰 RVG 的 liposomes 在 vivo 应用程序为未来显示了合适的特征并且没有改变房间生存能力,成功地在主要神经原导致了 -syn 基因 silencing。一起,我们的结果显示装饰 RVG 的 liposomes 可以是为针对完成的进一步的研究的一个理想的工具在在 PD 的老鼠模型的 vivo -syn 基因 silencing 有效。 | Michele Schlich Francesca Longhena Gaia Faustini Caitriona M. O'Driscoll Chiara Sinico Anna Maria Fadda Arianna Bellucci Francesco Lai | 2017 | Nano Research2017，10，10： | 1 |
| 9 | A review of subclavian steal syndrome with clinical correlation显示文摘 | Stephen O Anna Z Jerzy G | 2012 | Med Sci Monit2012，18，5： | 1 |
| 10 | Unintentional changes of defence traits in GM trees can influence plant-herbivore interactions显示文摘 | Joakim Hj(a)ltén Anna Lindau Anders Wennstr(o)m | 2007 | Basic and Applied Ecology2007，8，5： | 1 |
| 11 | Contests with three or more heterogeneous agents显示文摘 | Parreiras S O Anna R | 2010 | Games and Economic Behavior2010，68，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Somatic hybrid of Solanum tub erosumapplication to genetics and breeding显示文摘 | Waclaw O P Jaroslaw Anna | 2003 | Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture2003，74，： | 1 |
| 13 | Nitrification of industrial and domestic saline wastewaters in moving bed biofilm reactor and sequencing batch reactor显示文摘 | Jo?o P. Bassin Marcia Dezotti Geraldo L. Sant’Anna | 2010 | Journal of Hazardous Materials2010，，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Simple reversed-phase liquid chromatography method for determination of tocopherols in edible plant oils显示文摘 | Anna Gliszczynska-Swig?o Ewa Sikorska | 2004 | Journal of Chromatography A2004，1048，： | 1 |
| 15 | Determination of sugar composition in grapevine rootstock cuttings used for propagation显示文摘 | ANNA B REED A B O'CONNOR C J MELTON L D SMITH B G | 2004 | American Journal of Enology and Viticulture2004，55，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Bilirubin:a natural inhibitor of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation显示文摘 | Robert O Martin B Anna E | 2005 | Circulation2005，112，7： | 1 |
| 17 | Connecting with a patient who has Alzheimer's disease显示文摘 | Anna O Daniel K Loura MS | 2000 | Nursing2000，30，8： | 1 |
| 18 | Cytotoxic T lympho- cyte antigen-4-dependent down-modulation of costimula- tory molecules on dendritic ceils in CD41 CD251 regulato- ry T-cell mediated suppression 显示文摘 | Cecilia O Lukas C Anna M | 2006 | Immunology2006，118，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Thermal stability of LiFePO4 based cathodes显示文摘 | Anna S A John O T Beata K | 2000 | Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters2000，3，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Interleukins, from 1 to 37, and interferon-γ: Receptors, functions, and roles in diseases显示文摘 | Mübeccel Akdis Simone Burgler Reto Crameri Thomas Eiwegger Hiroyuki Fujita Enrique Gomez Sven Klunker Norbert Meyer Liam O’Mahony Oscar Palomares Claudio Rhyner Nadia Quaked Anna Schaffartzik Willem Van De Veen Sabine Zeller Maya Zimmermann Cezmi A. Akdis | 2011 | The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology2011，，3： | 1 |
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