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| 1 | 影响卒中死亡率下降的因素美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会的科学声明显示文摘背景和目的 美国的卒中死亡率自20世纪初以来一直呈下降趋势,尽管这种“下降”很受欢迎,但其原因尚不完全清楚.由于近年来卒中死亡率呈现出更为显著的加速下降趋势,卒中已从美国的第3位死亡原因下降至第4位.这促使人们对影响卒中发病风险和死亡率变化的相关因素进行详细评估.这份声明对有关卒中死亡率下降趋势的促进因素的研究证据进行回顾,并讨论了将来如何利用这些因素在卒中这一重大公共卫生问题的干预研究中发挥作用.方法 写作组成员由委员会主席和副主席根据其以前在相关领域的研究成果提名,并通过美国心脏协会(American Heart Association,AHA)卒中委员会的科学声明监督委员会和美国心脏协会手稿监督委员会批准.作者利用系统文献综述,参考公开发表的临床和流行病学研究、发病率和死亡率报告、临床与公共卫生指南、权威声明、个人文件以及专家意见,对相关证据进行总结并指出与当前知识水平的差距.所有写作组成员均有机会评论这份声明并批准其最终版本.这份声明经过AHA内部的广泛同行评议以及卒中委员会领导阶层和科学声明监督委员会的审查,然后获得AHA科学顾问与协调委员会的批准.结果 过去数十年间,在不同性别、所有种族/民族以及各个年龄组人群中都观察到卒中死亡率的下降,这体现出人群健康的重大进展.除了卒中对于总体寿命损失的影响减少外,在65岁以下人群中观察到的卒中死亡率显著下降体现了其所致潜在寿命损失年的减少.卒中死亡率的下降要归功于卒中发病率和病死率的降低.这些卒中转归的显著改善与心血管危险因素的控制和干预相一致.虽然很难计算出具体的归因危险度估计值,但始于20世纪70年代的血压控制措施似乎已对卒中死亡率的加速下降产生了最实质性的影响.尽管实施较晚,但糖尿病和血脂异常控制以及戒烟计划,特别是联合降压治疗,似乎同样促进了卒中死亡率的下降.远程医疗和卒中医疗体系也似乎具有强烈的潜在作用,但尚需足够长的时间来证明其对卒中死亡率下降的影响.其他因素也可能产生影响,但需要更多的研究来确定它们的作用.结论 卒中死亡率的下降是真实存在的,代表着公共卫生以及临床医学的巨大成功.卒中从第3位死亡原因下降至第4位是死亡率真实下降的结果,而并非由于慢性肺病死亡率上升所致,后者是目前在美国是第3位的死亡原因.有强烈的证据表明,卒中死亡率的下降可归功于以科学发现为基础、旨在降低卒中风险而执行的联合干预措施和项目,其中最有可能的是对高血压控制的改善.因此,对正在开展的干预项目进行的研究及其成果的应用已改善了人群健康.对一些积极的循证公共卫生项目以及临床干预措施的持续应用预期会进一步降低卒中死亡率. | Daniel T.Lackland Edward J.Roccella Anne F.Deutsch Myriam Fornage Mary G.George George Howard Brett M.Kissela Steven J.Kittner Judith H.Lichtman Lynda D. Lisabeth Lee H. Schwamm Eric E. Smith 高一鹭 陈政弘 王文志 | 2014 | 国际脑血管病杂志2014，22，5： | 41 |
| 2 | Short-chain fatty acids act as antiinflammatory mediators by regulating prostaglandin E_2 and cytokines显示文摘AIM:To investigate the effect of short-chain fatty ac-ids (SCFAs) on production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2),cytokines and chemokines in human monocytes.METHODS:Human neutrophils and monocytes were isolated from human whole blood by using 1-Step Polymorph and RosetteSep Human Monocyte Enrich-ment Cocktail,respectively. Human GPR41 and GPR43 mRNA expression was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The calcium flux assay was used to examine the biological activities of SCFAs in human neutrophils and monocytes. The effect ofSCFAs on human monocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was studied by measuring PGE2,cytokines and chemokines in the supernatant. The effect of SCFAs in vivo was examined by intraplantar injection into rat paws.RESULTS:Human GPR43 is highly expressed in human neutrophils and monocytes. SCFAs induce robust calcium flux in human neutrophils,but not in human monocytes. In this study,we show that SCFAs can in-duce human monocyte release of PGE2 and that this effect can be enhanced in the presence of lipopolysac-charide (LPS). In addition,we demonstrate that PGE2 production induced by SCFA was inhibited by pertussis toxin,suggesting the involvement of a receptor-mediated mechanism. Furthermore,SCFAs can specifi cally inhibit constitutive monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) production and LPS-induced interleukin-10 (IL-10) production in human monocytes without affecting the secretion of other cytokines and chemokines examined. Similar activities were observed in human PBMC for the release of PGE2,MCP-1 and IL-10 after SCFA treatment. In addition,SCFAs inhibit LPS-induced production of tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ in human PBMC. Finally,we show that SCFAs and LPS can induce PGE2 production in vivo by intraplantar injection into rat paws (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION:SCFAs can have distinct antiinflammatory activities due to their regulation of PGE2,cytokine and chemokine release from human immune cells. | Mary Ann Cox James Jackson Michaela Stanton Alberto Rojas-Triana Loretta Bober Maureen Laverty Xiaoxin Yang Feng Zhu Jianjun Liu Suke Wang Frederick Monsma Galya Vassileva Maureen Maguire Eric Gustafson Marvin Bayne Chuan-Chu Chou Daniel Lundell Chung-Her Jenh | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，44： | 30 |
| 3 | Diversification of the RAB Guanosine Triphosphatase Family in Dicots and Monocots显示文摘RAB 海鸟粪正弦 triphosphatases (GTPases ) 是 vesicletrafficking 的关键管理者并且对所有真核细胞的细胞的生长和发展必要。Duringevolution, RAB 家庭在不同模式膨胀了便于不同细胞、发展、生理的改编。酵母有 11 个仅仅家庭成员,而 mammalianRABshave 膨胀了到 18 个 RAB 亚科。植物 RAB 有首先由是复制在内的成员多样化壁炉亚科。植物 RAB 被划分成八个亚科,相应于 mammalianRAB1, RAB2, RABS, RAB6, RAB7, RABS, RAB11 和 RAB18。这些的功能的多样化被 RAB11s 例示,哪个在他们工作在局部性的尖端生长期间搬运泡的植物被划分成唯一的房间分隔空间的 orthologs。同样,在草的 RAB2 家庭多半涉及与墙扩大联系的泡分泌物,作为在表示上异种的 determinedbyanalysis。我们建议 dicots 和单音的简易窄床也在 theirRAB 侧面分叉提供在二个组之间的唯一的细胞的功能。这里我们在场比较米饭,玉米和 Arabidopsis 的 theRAB 亚科的生物信息学分析。这些结果愿望指南未来功能的研究到为亚科的多样化的角色的测试与 dicots 相比的唯一的 tomonocots。 | Jiaming Zhang Daniel R. Hill Anne W. Sylvester | 2007 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2007，49，8： | 15 |
| 4 | Identification of four novel DC-SIGN ligands on Mycobacterium bovis BCG显示文摘Dendritic-cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin(DC-SIGN;CD209)has an important role in mediating adherence of Mycobacteria species,including M.tuberculosis and M.bovis BCG to human dendritic cells and macrophages,in which these bacteria can survive intracellularly.DC-SIGN is a C-type lectin,and interactions with mycobacterial cells are believed to occur via mannosylated structures on the mycobacterial surface.Recent studies suggest more varied modes of binding to multiple mycobacterial ligands.Here we identify,by affinity chromatography and mass-spectrometry,four novel ligands of M.bovis BCG that bind to DC-SIGN.The novel ligands are chaperone protein DnaK,60 kDa chaperonin-1(Cpn60.1),glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH)and lipoprotein lprG.Other published work strongly suggests that these are on the cell surface.Of these ligands,lprG appears to bind DC-SIGN via typical proteinglycan interactions,but DnaK and Cpn60.1 binding do not show evidence of carbohydrate-dependent interactions.LprG was also identified as a ligand for DC-SIGNR(L-SIGN;CD299)and the M.tuberculosis orthologue of lprG has been found previously to interact with human toll-like receptor 2.Collectively,these findings offer new targets for combating mycobacterial adhesion and within-host survival,and reinforce the role of DCSIGN as an important host ligand in mycobacterial infection. | Maria V.Carroll Robert B.Sim Fabiana Bigi Anne Jäkel Robin Antrobus Daniel A.Mitchell | 2010 | Protein & Cell2010，1，9： | 7 |
| 5 | Retrograde-viewing device improves adenoma detection rate in colonoscopies for surveillance and diagnostic workup显示文摘AIM:To determine which patients might benefit most from retrograde viewing during colonoscopy through subset analysis of randomized,controlled trial data.METHODS:The Third Eye Retroscope Randomized Clinical Evaluation(TERRACE) was a randomized,controlled,multicenter trial designed to evaluate the efficacy of a retrograde-viewing auxiliary imaging device that is used during colonoscopy to provide a second video image which allows viewing of areas on the proximal aspect of haustral folds and flexures that are difficult to see with the colonoscope's forward view.We performed a post-hoc analysis of the TERRACE data to determine whether certain subsets of the patient population would gain more benefit than others from use of the device.Subjects were patients scheduled for colonoscopy for screening,surveillance or diagnostic workup,and each underwent same-day tandem examinations with standard colonoscopy(SC) and Third Eye colonoscopy(TEC),randomized to SC followed by TEC or vice versa.RESULTS:Indication for colonoscopy was screening in 176/345 subjects(51.0%),surveillance after previous polypectomy in 87(25.2%) and diagnostic workup in 82(23.8%).In 4 subjects no indication was specified.Previously reported overall results had shown a net additional adenoma detection rate(ADR) with TEC of 23.2% compared to SC.Relative risk(RR) of missing adenomas with SC vs TEC as the initial procedure was 1.92(P = 0.029).Post-hoc subset analysis shows additional ADRs for TEC compared to SC were 4.4% for screening,35.7% for surveillance,55.4% for diagnostic and 40.7% for surveillance and diagnostic combined.The RR of missing adenomas with SC vs TEC was 1.11(P = 0.815) for screening,3.15(P = 0.014) for surveillance,8.64(P = 0.039) for diagnostic and 3.34(P = 0.003) for surveillance and diagnostic combined.Although a multivariate Poisson regression suggested gender as a possibly significant factor,subset analysis showed that the difference between genders was not statistically significant.Age,bowel prep quality and withdrawal time did not significantly affect the RR of missing adenomas with SC vs TEC.Mean sizes of adenomas detected with TEC and SC were similar at 0.59 cm and 0.56 cm,respectively(P = NS).CONCLUSION:TEC allows detection of significantly more adenomas compared to SC in patients undergoing surveillance or diagnostic workup,but not in screening patients(ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT01044732). | Peter D Siersema Amit Rastogi Anke M Leufkens Paul A Akerman Kassem Azzouzi Richard I Rothstein Frank P Vleggaar Alessandro Repici Giacomo Rando Patrick I Okolo Olivier Dewit Ana Ignjatovic Elizabeth Odstrcil James East Pierre H Deprez Brian P Saunders Anthony N Kalloo Bradley Creel Vikas Singh Anne Marie Lennon Daniel C DeMarco | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，26： | 6 |
| 6 | It is safe to use transdermal glyceryl trinitrate to lower blood pressure in patients with acute ischaemic stroke with carotid stenosis显示文摘Background There is concern that blood pressure(BP)lowering in acute stroke may compromise cerebral perfusion and worsen outcome in the presence of carotid stenosis.We assessed the effect of glyceryl trinitrate(GTN)in patients with carotid stenosis using data from the Efficacy of Nitric Oxide in Stroke(ENOS)Trial.Methods ENOS randomised 4011 patients with acute stroke and raised systolic BP(140-220 mm Hg)to transdermal GTN or no GTN within 48 hours of onset.Those on prestroke antihypertensives were also randomised to stop or continue their medication for 7 days.The primary outcome was the modified Rankin Scale(mRS)at day 90.Ipsilateral carotid stenosis was split:<30%;30-<50%;50-<70%;≥70%.Data are ORs with 95%CIs adjusted for baseline prognostic factors.results 2023(60.5%)ischaemic stroke participants had carotid imaging.As compared with<30%,≥70%ipsilateral stenosis was associated with an unfavourable shift in mRS(worse outcome)at 90 days(OR 1.88,95%CI 1.44 to 2.44,p<0.001).Those with≥70%stenosis who received GTN versus no GTN had a favourable shift in mRS(OR 0.56,95%CI 0.34 to 0.93,p=0.024).In those with 50-<70%stenosis,continuing versus stopping prestroke antihypertensives was associated with worse disability,mood,quality of life and cognition at 90 days.Clinical outcomes did not differ across bilateral stenosis groups.Conclusions Following ischaemic stroke,severe ipsilateral carotid stenosis is associated with worse functional outcome at 90 days.GTN appears safe in ipsilateral or bilateral carotid stenosis,and might improve outcome in severe ipsilateral carotid stenosis. | Jason P Appleton Lisa J Woodhouse Andrew Belcher Daniel Bereczki Eivind Berge Valeria Caso Hui Meng Chang Hanne K Christensen Ronan Collins John Gommans Ann C Laska George Ntaios Serefnur Ozturk Gillian M Sare Szabolcs Szatmari Yongjun Wang Joanna M Wardlaw Nikola Sprigg Philip M Bath for the ENOS investigators | 2019 | Stroke & Vascular Neurology2019，4，1： | 6 |
| 7 | ALDH1 Is a Marker of Normal and Malignant Human Mammary Stem Cells and a Predictor of Poor Clinical Outcome显示文摘 | Christophe Ginestier Min Hee Hur Emmanuelle Charafe-Jauffret Florence Monville Julie Dutcher Marty Brown Jocelyne Jacquemier Patrice Viens Celina G. Kleer Suling Liu Anne Schott Dan Hayes Daniel Birnbaum Max S. Wicha Gabriela Dontu | 2007 | Cell Stem Cell2007，，5： | 5 |
| 8 | Leptin-induced Notch and IL-1 signaling crosstalk in endometrial adenocarcinoma is associated with invasiveness and chemoresistance显示文摘BACKGROUND Obesity is a recognized risk factor for endometrial cancer (EmCa) and other cancer types. Leptin levels are significantly increased in obese individuals. Leptin-induced signaling crosstalk [Notch, Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and leptin outcome, NILCO] has been associated with breast cancer progression. This complex signaling crosstalk affects cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, apoptosis and chemoresistance. NILCO expression was previously detected in human EmCa. However, it is unknown whether leptin regulates NILCO and alters EmCa’s response to chemotherapeutics. It is hypothesized that leptin induces NILCO and increases aggressiveness and chemoresistance in EmCa cells. AIM To determine whether leptin induces NILCO molecules in EmCa affecting cell proliferation, aggressiveness and chemoresistance. METHODS Leptin’s effects on the expression of NILCO molecules [mRNAs and proteins for Notch receptors (Notch1-4), ligands (JAG1 and DLL4) and downstream effectors (survivin, Hey2), and leptin (OB-R) and IL-1 (IL-1R tI) receptors] was examined in EmCa cells (type I: Ishikawa, and HEC-1A, and type II: An3Ca and KLE) using Real-time PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. In addition, the effects of leptin on cell cycle, proliferation and cell invasion were determined using cytometric analysis (Cellometer Vision CBA system), MTT cell proliferation and Matrigel-based invasion assays, respectively. Inhibitors of leptin (nanoparticlebound leptin peptide receptor antagonist-2, IONP-LPrA2), IL-1 (anti-IL-1R tI antibody) and Notch (siRNA interference RNA) were used to investigate NILCO’s effects on cell proliferation and invasion. Leptin’s effects on Paclitaxel cytotoxicity in EmCa cells was determined by the CCK8 and Cellometer-based Annexin V assays. RESULTS For the first time it was shown that leptin is an inducer of Notch in EmCa. Experimental data suggest that leptin induced the expression of NILCO molecules, promoted proliferation and S- phase progression, and reduced Paclitaxel cytotoxicity on EmCa cells. Leptin’s effects were higher in type II EmCa cells. The progression of this more aggressive form of the disease is associated with obesity. Remarkably, the use of the leptin signaling antagonist, IONPLPrA2, re-sensitized EmCa cells to Paclitaxel. CONCLUSION Present data suggest the notion that leptin-induced NILCO could be a link between obesity and EmCa progression and chemoresistance. Most aggressive type II EmCa cells were higher sensitive to leptin, which appears to increase proliferation, cell cycle progression, aggressiveness, and chemoresistance to Paclitaxel. Therefore, leptin and NILCO could be novel therapeutic targets for type II EmCa, which does not have targeted therapy. Overall, IONP-LPrA2 has a potential as a novel adjuvant drug to enhance the effectiveness of type II EmCa chemotherapy. | Danielle Daley-Brown Adriana Harbuzariu Ann Anu Kurian Gabriela Oprea-Ilies Ruben Rene Gonzalez-Perez | 2019 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2019，10，6： | 5 |
| 9 | Comparison of inhaled milrinone, nitric oxide and prostacyclin in acute respiratory distress syndrome显示文摘AIM To evaluate the safety and efficacy of inhaled milrinone in acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).METHODS Open-label prospective cross-over pilot study where fifteen adult patients with hypoxemic failure meeting standard ARDS criteria and monitored with a pulmonary artery catheter were recruited in an academic 24-bed medico-surgical intensive care unit. Random sequential administration of i NO(20 ppm) or nebulized epoprostenol(10 μg/mL) was done in all patients. Thereafter, inhaled milrinone(1 mg/mL) alone followed by inhaled milrinone in association with inhaled nitric oxide(iN O) was administered. A jet nebulization device synchronized with the mechanical ventilation was use to administrate the epoprostenol and the milrinone. Hemodynamic measurements and partial pressure of arterial oxygen(PaO_2) were recorded before and after each inhaled therapyadministration.RESULTS The majority of ARDS were of pulmonary cause(n = 13) and pneumonia(n = 7) was the leading underlying initial disease. Other pulmonary causes of ARDS were: Post cardiopulmonary bypass(n = 2), smoke inhalation injury(n = 1), thoracic trauma and pulmonary contusions(n = 2) and aspiration(n = 1). Two patients had an extra pulmonary cause of ARDS: A polytrauma patient and an intra-abdominal abscess Inhaled nitric oxide, epoprostenol, inhaled milrinone and the combination of inhaled milrinone and i NO had no impact on systemic hemodynamics. No significant adverse events related to study medications were observed. The median increase of PaO 2 from baseline was 8.8 mmH g [interquartile range(IQR) = 16.3], 6.0 mm Hg(IQR = 18.4), 6 mm Hg(IQR = 15.8) and 9.2 mm Hg(IQR = 20.2) respectively with i NO, epoprostenol, inhaled milrinone, and i NO added to milrinone. Only i NO and the combination of inhaled milrinone and i NO had a statistically significant effect on PaO 2. CONCLUSION When comparing the effects of inhaled NO, milrinone and epoprostenol, only NO significantly improved oxygenation. Inhaled milrinone appeared safe but failed to improve oxygenation in ARDS. | Martin Albert Daniel Corsilli David R Williamson Marc Brosseau Patrick Bellemare Stéphane Delisle Anne QN Nguyen France Varin | 2017 | World Journal of Critical Care Medicine2017，6，1： | 4 |
| 10 | Proteome-based biomarkers in pancreatic cancer显示文摘Pancreatic cancer,as a highly malignant cancer and the fourth cause of cancer-related death in world,is characterized by dismal prognosis,due to rapid disease progression,highly invasive tumour phenotype,and resistance to chemotherapy.Despite significant advances in treatment of the disease during the past decade,the survival rate is little improved.A contributory factor to the poor outcome is the lack of appropriate sensitive and specific biomarkers for early diagnosis.Furthermore,biomarkers for targeting,directing and assessing therapeutic intervention,as well as for detection of residual or recurrent cancer are also needed.Thus,the identification of adequate biomarkers in pancreatic cancer is of extreme importance.Recently,accompanying the development of proteomic technology and devices,more and more potential biomarkers have appeared and are being reported.In this review,we provide an overview of the role of proteome-based biomarkers in pancreatic cancer,including tissue,serum,juice,urine and cell lines.We also discuss the possible mechanism and prospects in the future.That information hopefully might be helpful for further research in the field. | Chen Sun Ann H Rosendahl Roland Andersson Daniel Ansari | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，44： | 3 |
| 11 | 2013 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Treatment of Blood Cholesterol to Reduce Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines显示文摘 | Neil J. Stone Jennifer G. Robinson Alice H. Lichtenstein C. Noel Bairey Merz Conrad B. Blum Robert H. Eckel Anne C. Goldberg David Gordon Daniel Levy Donald M. Lloyd-Jones Patrick McBride J. Sanford Schwartz Susan T. Shero Sidney C. Smith Karol Watson Pet | 2014 | Circulation (_suppl_ Suppl)2014，，25： | 2 |
| 12 | Characteristics of patients with dual infection by hepatitis B and C viruses显示文摘 | Jean-Pierre Zarski Benoit Bohn Anne Bastie Jean-Michel Pawlotsky Maryline Baud Frédérique Bost-Bezeaux Jeanne Tran van Nhieu Jean-Marie Seigneurin Catherine Buffet Daniel Dhumeaux | 1998 | Journal of Hepatology1998，，1： | 2 |
| 13 | Regulatory macrophages induced by infliximab are involved in healing in vivo and in vitro显示文摘 | Anne Christine W.Vos Manon E.Wildenberg IngridArijs MarjolijnDuijvestein Auke P.Verhaar Gertde Hertogh SéverineVermeire PaulRutgeerts Gijs R.van den Brink Daniel W.Hommes | 2012 | Inflamm Bowel Dis2012，，3： | 2 |
| 14 | Host Response to Translocated Microbial Products Predicts Outcomes of Patients With HBV or HCV Infection显示文摘 | Netanya G. Sandler Christopher Koh Annelys Roque Jason L. Eccleston Rebecca B. Siegel Mary Demino David E. Kleiner Steven G. Deeks T. Jake Liang Theo Heller Daniel C. Douek | 2011 | Gastroenterology2011，，4： | 2 |
| 15 | Projected effectiveness of HIV detection during early infection and rapid ART initiation among MSM and transgender women in Peru: A modeling study显示文摘Background:The Sabes study,a treatment as prevention intervention in Peru,tested the hypothesis that initiating antiretroviral therapy(ART)early in HIV infection when viral load is high,would markedly reduce onward HIV transmission among high-risk men who have sex with men(MSM)and transgender women(TW).We investigated the potential population-level benefits of detection of HIV early after acquisition and rapid initiation of ART.Methods:We designed a transmission dynamic model to simulate the HIV epidemic among MSM and TW in Peru,calibrated to data on HIV prevalence and ART coverage from 2004 to 2011.We assessed the impact of an intervention starting in 2018 in which up to 50%of the new infections were diagnosed within three months of acquisition and initiated on ART within 1 month of diagnosis.We estimated the impact of the intervention over 20 years using the cumulative prevented fraction of new HIV infections compared to scenarios without intervention.Findings:Our model suggests that only 19%of the infected MSM and TW are virally suppressed in 2018 and 35%e40%of the new HIV infections are transmitted from contacts with acutely-infected partners.An intervention reaching 10%of all acutely infected MSM and TW is projected to prevent 13.3%[Uncertainty interval:11.9%e14.3%]of the new infections over 20 years and reduce HIV incidence in 2038 by 24%.Reaching 50%of all acutely infected MSM and TWwill increase the prevalence of viral suppression in 2038 to 59%and prevent 41%of expected infections over 20 years.Reaching 50%of the high-risk MSM and TW in acute phase would reduce HIV incidence in 2038 by 60%and prevent 36%of new infections between 2018 and 2038.Conclusions:Early detection of HIV infections and rapid initiation of ART among MSM is desirable as it would increase the effectiveness of the HIV prevention program in Peru.Targeting high-risk MSM and TW will be highly efficient. | Dobromir Dimitrov Daniel Wood Angela Ulrich David A.Swan Blythe Adamson Javier R.Lama Jorge Sanchez Ann Duerr | 2019 | Infectious Disease Modelling2019，4，1： | 2 |
| 16 | Hierarchical porous induced competent removal of low concentration azo dye molecules by generating a leachy crystalline structure H-MIL-53(Fe)显示文摘The development in technology of synthetic azo dyes,has led to excessive water resources pollution.Eve n at lower concentration they can impart the quality of water and human life.Herein,we have developed a novel synthesis strategy via introducing salicylic acid(SA)for the synthesis of a leachy crystalline material H-MIL-53(Fe)with hierarchical pores(HP)and exposed coordination unsaturated sites(CUS),which had higher surface area and larger pore volume than the as synthesized MIL-53(Fe).Due to these characteristics,H-MIL-53(Fe)was competent removal of orange G(OG,one of the frequently used azo dyes)with equilibrium in 300 min and the maximum adsorption capacity of 163.9 mg/g.The adsorption mechanism of OG onto H-MIL-53(Fe)was mostly based on electrostatic attraction between CUS of HMIL-53(Fe)along with HP as active species to OG diffusion and bind.By comparing H-MIL-53(Fe)with other adsorbents for OG adsorption,it is undoubtedly that H-MIL-53(Fe)can be used as a promising adsorbent for OG removal from aqueous solutions. | Tao Feng Jean Pierre Bavumiragira Mumbi Anne Wambui Daniel Manaye Kabtamu Krisztina László Ying Wang Fengting Li | 2020 | Chinese Chemical Letters2020，31，10： | 2 |
| 17 | Emergency medical services use and its association with acute ischaemic stroke evaluation and treatment in Singapore显示文摘Background Emergency medical services(EMS)is a critical link in the chain of stroke survival.We aimed to assess EMS use for stroke in Singapore,identify characteristics associated with EMS use and the association of EMS use with stroke evaluation and treatment.Methods The Singapore Stroke Registry combines nationwide EMS and public hospital data for stroke cases in Singapore.Multivariate regressions with the generalised estimating equations were performed to examine the association between EMS use and timely stroke evaluation and treatment.results Of 3555 acute ischaemic patients with symptom onset within 24 hours admitted to all five public hospitals between 2015 and 2016,68%arrived via EMS.Patients who used EMS were older,were less likely to be female,had higher stroke severity by National Institute of Health Stroke Scale and had a higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation or peripheral arterial disease.Patients transported by EMS were more likely to receive rapid evaluation(door-to imaging time≤25 min 34.3%vs 11.1%,OR=2.74(95%CI 1.40 to 5.38))and were more likely to receive intravenous tissue plasminogen activator(tPA,22.8%vs 4.6%,OR=4.61(95%CI 3.52 to 6.03)).Among patients treated with tPA,patients who arrived via EMS were more likely to receive timely treatment than self-transported patients(door-to needle time≤60 min 52.6%vs 29.4%,OR=2.58(95%CI 1.35 to 4.92)).Conclusions EMS use is associated with timely stroke evaluation and treatment in Singapore.Seamless EMS-Hospital stroke pathways and targeted public campaigns to advocate for appropriate EMS use have the potential to improve acute stroke care. | Hanzhang Xu Ying Xian Fung Peng Woon Janet Prvu Bettger Daniel T Laskowitz Yih Yng Ng Marcus Eng Hock Ong David Bruce Matchar Deidre Anne De Silva | 2020 | Stroke & Vascular Neurology2020，5，2： | 2 |
| 18 | Relevance of Subcortical Stroke in Dysphagia显示文摘 | Monique G. Cola Stephanie K. Daniels David M. Corey Lisa C. Lemen Maryellen Romero Anne L. Foundas | 2010 | Stroke2010，，3： | 2 |
| 19 | The financial reporting environment: Review of the recent literature显示文摘 | Anne Beyer Daniel A. Cohen Thomas Z. Lys Beverly R. Walther | 2010 | Journal of Accounting and Economics2010，，2： | 2 |
| 20 | Caregiver burden is increased in Parkinson’s disease with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI)显示文摘Background:There is limited evidence on caregiver outcomes associated with mild cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson’s disease(PD-MCI)and the coping strategies used by these caregivers.Methods:To investigate this relationship,we examined levels of burden,depression,anxiety,coping strategies and positive aspects of caregiving in the informal caregivers of 96 PD patients.The PD patients were classified using MDS-Task Force Level II criteria as showing either normal cognition(PD-N;n=51),PD-MCI(n=30)or with dementia(PDD;n=15).Results:Mean Zarit Burden Interview(ZBI)score increased significantly between carers of PD-N(M=13.39,SD=12.22)compared to those of PD-MCI patients(M=22.00,SD=10.8),and between carers of PD-MCI and PDD patients(M=29.33,SD=9.59).Moreover,the proportion of carers showing clinically significant levels of burden(ZBI score≥21)also increased as the patients’cognitive status declined(18% for PD-N;60% for PD-MCI;and 80%for PDD)and was mirrored by an increasing amount of time spent providing care by the caregivers.Caregiver ZBI score was independent of patient neuropsychiatric symptoms,motor function,disease duration and time that caregivers spent caregiving.Caregiver use of different coping strategies increased with worsening cognition.However,we found only equivocal evidence that the use of problem-focused,emotion-focused and dysfunctional coping mediated the association between patient cognitive status and caregiver burden,because the inverse models that used caregiver burden as the mediator were also significant.Conclusions:The study highlights the impact of Parkinson’s disease on those providing care when the patient’s cognition is poor,including those with MCI.Caregiver well-being has important implications for caregiver support,nursing home placement and disease course. | Ann J.Jones Roeline G.Kuijer Leslie Livingston Daniel Myall Kyla Horne Michael MacAskill Toni Pitcher Paul T.Barrett Tim J.Anderson John C.Dalrymple-Alford | 2017 | Translational Neurodegeneration2017，6，1： | 2 |
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