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| 1 | Distribution of soil aggregates and organic carbon in deep soil under long-term conservation tillage with residual retention in dryland显示文摘To ascertain the effects of long-term conservation tillage and residue retention on soil organic carbon(SOC) content and aggregate distribution in a deep soil(>20-cm depth) in a dryland environment,this paper analyzed the SOC and aggregate distribution in soil, and the aggregate-associated organic carbon(OC) and SOC physical fractions. Conservation tillage(reduced tillage with residue incorporated(RT) and no-tillage with residue mulch(NT)) significantly increased SOC sequestration and soil aggregation in deep soil compared with conventional tillage with residue removal(CT). Compared with CT, RT significantly increased the proportion of small macroaggregates by 23%–81% in the 10–80 cm layer, and the OC content in small macroaggregates by 1%–58% in the 0–80 cm layer. RT significantly increased(by 24%–90%) the OC content in mineral-SOC within small macroaggregates in the 0–60 cm layer, while there was a 23%–80% increase in the 0–40 cm layer with NT. These results indicated that:(1) conservation tillage treatments are beneficial for soil aggregation and SOC sequestration in a deep soil in a dryland environment; and(2)the SOC in mineral-associated OC plays important roles in soil aggregation and SOC sequestration. In conclusion, RT with NT is recommended as an agricultural management tool in dryland soils because of its role in improving soil aggregation and SOC sequestration. | WANG Bisheng GAO Lili YU Weishui WEI Xueqin LI Jing LI Shengping SONG Xiaojun LIANG Guopeng CAI Dianxiong WU Xueping | 2019 | Journal of Arid Land2019，11，2： | 3 |
| 2 | Relative contributions of biotic and abiotic factors to the spatial variation of litter stock in a mature subtropical forest显示文摘Aims Dead plant material(i.e.litter)is the major source of soil organic matter and thus plays a fundamental role in regulating soil carbon cycling in global forest ecosystems.The storage of litter is jointly determined by its production from plants and decomposition in a given environment.However,only few studies have explored the relative importance of en-vironmental(i.e.abiotic)and plant(i.e.biotic)factors in driving the spa-tial variation of litter mass.The objective of this study is to quantify the relative contributions of biotic and abiotic factors in affecting the spatial variation of aboveground litter stock in a mature subtropical forest.Methods The aboveground litter mass was sampled in 187 grids of a 20-hm forest dynamics plot in a subtropical broad-leave forest in eastern China.The contributions of environmental variables,topographical and species variables on litter stocks were quantified by the boosted regression tree analysis.Important Findings The mean aboveground litter stock was 367.5 g m^(−2) in the Tiantong dynamics forest plot across all the 187 grids.The litter stock ranged from 109.2 to 831.3 g m^(−2) and showed a large spatial variation with the coefficient of variance as 40.8%.The boosted regression tree analysis showed that slope elevation and soil moisture were the most influential variables on the spatial variation of litter stock.The relatively influence of abiotic factors(environmental and topographical factors)was 71.4%,which is larger than biotic factors(28.6%).Overall,these findings sug-gest that abiotic factors play a more important role than plants in driving the spatial variation of aboveground litter stock in the subtropical forest.Given that the global carbon-cycle models have been aiming to refine from the hundred kilometers to sub-kilometer scale,this study highlights the urgency of a better understanding of the spatial variation of litter stock on the fine scale. | Jing Wang Qingsong Yang Yang Qiao Deli Zhai Lifen Jiang Guopeng Liang Xiaoying Sun Ning Wei Xihua Wang Jianyang Xia | 2019 | Journal of Plant Ecology2019，12，4： | 1 |
| 3 | Heat Transfer Characteristics and Pressure Drop in a Horizontal Circulating Fluidized Bed Evaporator显示文摘A vapor-liquid-solid horizontal circulating fluidized bed evaporation setup was constructed to study the thermal-exchange properties and pressure change.The influences of the operating variables,including the amount of added particles,heat flux,and circulating flow velocity,were systematically inspected using resistance temperature detectors and pressure sensors.The results showed that the heat transfer eff ect was improved with the increase in the amount of added particles,circulating flow velocity,and particle diameter,but decreased with increasing heat flux.The pressure drop fluctuated with the increase in operating parameters,except circulating flow velocity.The enhancing factor reached up to 71.5%.The enhancing fac-tor initially increased and then decreased with the increase in the amount of added particles and circulating flow velocity,fluctuated with increasing particle diameter,and decreased with increasing heat flux.Phase diagrams showing the variation ranges of the operation variables for the enhancing factor were constructed. | Xu Liang Feng Jiang Guopeng Qi Jinjin Wang Xinhua Dong Wenyue Jing Ruijia Li Xiulun Li | 2021 | Transactions of Tianjin University2021，27，6： | 0 |
| 4 | Space advanced technology demonstration satellite显示文摘The Space Advanced Technology demonstration satellite(SATech-01),a mission for low-cost space science and new technology experiments,organized by Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),was successfully launched into a Sun-synchronous orbit at an altitude of~500 km on July 27,2022,from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre.Serving as an experimental platform for space science exploration and the demonstration of advanced common technologies in orbit,SATech-01 is equipped with 16 experimental payloads,including the solar upper transition region imager(SUTRI),the lobster eye imager for astronomy(LEIA),the high energy burst searcher(HEBS),and a High Precision Magnetic Field Measurement System based on a CPT Magnetometer(CPT).It also incorporates an imager with freeform optics,an integrated thermal imaging sensor,and a multi-functional integrated imager,etc.This paper provides an overview of SATech-01,including a technical description of the satellite and its scientific payloads,along with their on-orbit performance. | ZHANG XiaoFeng CHEN Wen ZHU XiaoCheng MENG Na HE JunWang BI XingZi ZHANG YongHe SHI Qi LI Fei LIU Rui FENG ZhengGong LIU Liu LI JinSong WU HaiChen XU DongXiao LI TaiJie HUANG JiangJiang LIU Shuo LI TianTong YU XianSheng GAO Yang ZHOU Heng BAN HanYu ZHANG YanLi ZHANG YueTing YANG YingQuan HE Tao DUAN XuLiang CHEN Xin WANG YaMin SUN AnTai ZHANG KuoXiang SUN Ying WANG YaoBin FAN ChengCheng XIONG ShaoLin LI XinQiao WEN XiangYang LING ZhiXing SUN XiaoJin ZHANG Chen BAI XianYong WANG ZhanShan DENG YuanYong TIAN Hui YANG JianFeng XUE HongBo SANG Peng LIU JinGuo ZHENG HuiLong ZHU Xiang HE JianWu LI Hui XU LuXiang XU ShuYan CHEN WenWu LIU ZhenDong WANG ZhaoLi MAO XiangLong GAO Rong LI ZongXuan DING GuoPeng WANG XinYu DOU RunJiang WENG LuBin LUO Hao WANG YaPing LIANG XianFeng FANG ZiRuo | 2024 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2024，67，1： | 0 |
| 5 | Green manuring relocates microbiomes in driving the soil functionality of nitrogen cycling to obtain preferable grain yields in thirty years显示文摘Fertilizers are widely used to produce more food, inevitably altering the diversity and composition of soil organisms. The role of soil biodiversity in controlling multiple ecosystem services remains unclear, especially after decades of fertilization. Here, we assess the contribution of the soil functionalities of carbon(C), nitrogen(N), and phosphorus(P) cycling to crop production and explore how soil organisms control these functionalities in a 33-year field fertilization experiment. The long-term application of green manure or cow manure produced wheat yields equivalent to those obtained with chemical N, with the former providing higher soil functions and allowing the functionality of N cycling(especially soil N mineralization and biological N fixation) to control wheat production. The keystone phylotypes within the global network rather than the overall microbial community dominated the soil multifunctionality and functionality of C,N, and P cycling across the soil profile(0–100 cm). We further confirmed that these keystone phylotypes consisted of many metabolic pathways of nutrient cycling and essential microbes involved in organic C mineralization, N_(2)O release, and biological N fixation. The chemical N, green manure, and cow manure resulted in the highest abundances of amoB, nifH, and GH48 genes and Nitrosomonadaceae,Azospirillaceae, and Sphingomonadaceae within the keystone phylotypes, and these microbes were significantly and positively correlated with N_(2)O release, N fixation, and organic C mineralization, respectively. Moreover, our results demonstrated that organic fertilization increased the effects of the network size and keystone phylotypes on the subsoil functions by facilitating the migration of soil microorganisms across the soil profiles and green manure with the highest migration rates. This study highlights the importance of the functionality of N cycling in controlling crop production and keystone phylotypes in regulating soil functions, and provides selectable fertilization strategies for maintaining crop production and soil functions across soil profiles in agricultural ecosystems. | Guopeng Zhou Kunkun Fan Songjuan Gao Danna Chang Guilong Li Ting Liang Hai Liang Shun Li Jiudong Zhang Zongxian Che Weidong Cao | 2024 | Science China(Life Sciences)2024，67，3： | 0 |
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