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| 1 | Crustal P-wave velocity structure of the Longmenshan region and its tectonic implications for the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake显示文摘The P-wave velocity structure of the crust in the Longmenshan region has been imaged by seismic travel time tomography us ing local and regional first P-wave arrivals recorded from 2000 to 2008. The tomographic model provides a way to analyze the deep tectonics of the Longmenshan fault belt and the tectonic implications for the 2008 Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake. The P-wave velocity images indicate that the initial rupture site and focal depth of the Wenchuan earthquake, together with the di rection of rupture propagation, closely relate to the crustal structure of the Longmenshan region. The Pengguan massif to the west of the Longmenshan fault belt is characterized by high velocity anomalies, suggesting that the crust has a strong strain strength that can accumulate large stresses over a long period. The Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake is located at the southwestern end of the Pengguan massif and the western edge of the Sichuan Basin. The collision between the Pengguan massif and the Sichuan Basin becomes the primary reason for the occurrence of the Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake. To the north of Wenchuan, the occurrence and propagation of rupture benefit from low velocity anomalies along the Longmenshan fault belt; whereas to the south of Wenchuan, the brittle rupture can occur with more difficulty in relatively weak crust with low velocities. This may be one of the reasons for the absence of aftershocks to the south of Wenchuan, and the rupture induced by the Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake propagating from the north to the south along the Longmenshan fault belt. The deep geodynamics of the Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake may occur due to the discrepancy of crustal structures on the two sides of the Longmenshan fault belt. Ductile deformation and crustal flow can easily occur in the weak middle-lower crust beneath the Songpan-Garze orogenic belt. The eastward movement of the Tibetan Plateau is obstructed by the rigid lithosphere of the Sichuan Basin, and then the thick ening of the middle-lower crust and vertical deformation occur in the crust of the Longmenshan fault belt. In addition, the down-warping of the Moho and the basement thrusting onto the range front induced crustal deformation and strain accumula tion, which provided the potential energy to trigger the occurrence of the Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake. | LI ZhaWei XU Yi HUANG RunQiu HAO TianYao XU Ya LIU JingSong LIU JianHua | 2011 | Science China Earth Sciences2011，54，9： | 23 |
| 2 | Crust and upper mantle structure of the Ailao Shan-Red River fault zone and adjacent regions显示文摘Using arrival data of the body waves recorded by seismic stations, we reconstructed the velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle beneath the southeastern edge of the Tibetan Plateau and the northwestern continental margin of the South China Sea through a travel time tomography technique. The result revealed the apparent tectonic variation along the Ailao Shan-Red River fault zone and its adjacent regions. High velocities are observed in the upper and middle crust beneath the Ailao Shan-Red River fault zone and they reflect the character of the fast uplifting and cooling of the metamorphic belt after the ductile shearing of the fault zone, while low velocities in the lower crust and near the Moho imply a relatively active crust-mantle boundary beneath the fault zone. On the west of the fault zone, the large-scale low velocities in the uppermost mantle beneath western Yunnan prove the influence of the mantle heat flow on volcano, hot spring and magma activities, however, the upper mantle on the east of the fault zone shows a relatively stable structure similar to the Yangtze block. The low velocities of the deep mantle beneath the southeastern extending segment of the fault zone are probably related to the mantle convection produced by the pull-apart of the South China Sea. | XU Yi LIU Jianhua LIU Futian SONG Haibin HAO Tianyao JIANG Weiwei | 2005 | Science China Earth Sciences2005，48，2： | 18 |
| 3 | Uppermost mantle structure of the North China Craton: Constraints from interstation Pn travel time difference tomography显示文摘The uppermost mantle is the key area for exchange of heat flux and material convection between the crust and lithospheric mantle. Spatial variations of lithospheric thinning and dynamic processes in the North China Craton could inevitably induce the velocity heterogeneity in the uppermost mantle.In this study,we used Pn arrivals from permanent seismic stations in North China and surrounding regions to construct a tomographic image of the North China Craton.The tomographic method with Pn travel time difference data were used to study the velocity variations in the uppermost mantle.Pn velocities in the uppermost mantle varied significantly in the Eastern,Central and Western blocks of the North China Craton.This suggests that the lithosphere beneath different blocks of the North China Craton have experienced distinct tectonic evolutions and dynamic processes since the Paleo- zoic.The current uppermost mantle has been imprinted by these tectonic and dynamic processes.Fast Pn velocities are prominent beneath the Bohai Bay Basin in the Eastern Block of the North China Craton,suggesting residuals of the Archean lithospheric mantle.Beneath the Tanlu Fault Zone and Bohai Sea,slow Pn velocities are present in the uppermost mantle,which can be attributed to significant lithospheric thinning and asthenospheric upwelling.The newly formed lithospheric mantle beneath Yanshan Mountain may be the dominant reason for the existence of slow Pn velocities in this region.Conversely,the ancient lower crust and lithospheric mantle already have been delaminated.In the Central Block,significant slow Pn velocities are present in Taihangshan Mountain,which also extends northward to the Yinchuan-Hetao Rift on the northern margin of the Ordos Block and Yinshan Orogen.This characteristic probably is a result of hot asthenospheric upwelling along the active tectonic boundary on the margin of the Western Block.The protracted thermal erosion and underplating of hot asthenospheric upwelling may induce lithospheric thinning and significant slow velocities in the uppermost mantle.Fast velocities beneath the Western Block suggest that the thick,cold and refractory Archean lithospheric keel of craton still is retained without apparent destruction. | LI ZhiWei HAO TianYao XU Ya | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，16： | 16 |
| 4 | Joint land-sea seismic survey and research on the deep structures of the Bohai Sea areas显示文摘This paper presents the survey and research work of two land-sea profiles in the Bohai Sea,China,carried out in 2010–2011,including the seismic sources on land and in the sea,the ocean bottom seismographs(OBS)and their recovery,the coupling of OBS and the environment noise in sea area,the data quality of OBSs,and the result of data analysis.We focused on the investigation of crustal structures revealed by the two NE\EW-trending joint land-sea profiles.In combination with the Pn-velocity distribution and gravitymagnetic inversion results in the North China Craton,we propose that the undulation of the Moho interface in the Bohai and surrounding areas is not strong,and the lithospheric thinning is mainly caused by the thinning of its mantle part.The research result indicates that obvious lateral variations of Moho depth and seismic velocity appear nearby all the large-scale faults in Bohai Sea,and there is evidence of underplating and reforming of the lower crust by mantle material in the Bohai area.However,geophysical evidence does not appear to support the'mantle plume'or'delamination'model for the North China Craton destruction.The crustal structure of the Bohai Sea revealed'a relatively normal crust and obviously thinned mantle lid',local velocity anomalies and instability phenomena in the crust.These features may represent a combined effect of North China-Yangtze collision at an early stage and the remote action of Pacific plate subduction at a late stage. | HAO Tianyao YOU Qingyu LIU Lihua LV Chuanchuan XU Ya LI Zhiwei ZHAO Chunlei ZHENG Yanpeng LIU Chenguang HAN Guozhong | 2013 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2013，32，12： | 11 |
| 5 | Seismic tomography of the crust and upper mantle in the Bohai Bay Basin and its adjacent regions显示文摘In the Bohai Bay Basin and its adjacent regions(112°―124°E,34°―42°N),there exists abundant gas-petroleum while modern inter-plate seismic activity is robust.Although the tectonic structure of this region is very complicated,plenty of geological,geophysical and geochemical data and results are obtained through previous researches.On the basis of absorbing previous results,especially various kinds of geological and geophysical results,we collect and process the arrival time of P-wave phases of local events and tele-seismic events recorded by the station within this region from 1978 to 2004,build the responding initial model,and image the velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle of this region via tomography.The perturbation images of various depths and velocity profiles imply that the velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle in the Bohai Bay Basin and its adjacent regions is mainly influenced by the surface tectonic units,and is characterized by 'Stripped along east-west,and zoned along south-north';some large-scaled faults penetrate Moho and lithosphere,and provide the channels for the basic lava or hot mass upwelling from the mantle. | ZHANG Ling LIU JinSong HAO TianYao LIU JianHua XU Yi | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，12： | 8 |
| 6 | V_p and V_p/V_s structures in the crust and upper mantle of the Taiwan region, China显示文摘A tomographic study of the Vp and Vp/Vs structures in the crust and upper mantle beneath the Taiwan region of China is conducted by simultaneous inversion of P and S arrival times. Compared with the previous tomographic results, the spherical finite difference technique is suitable for the strong heterogeneous velocity structure, and may improve the accuracy in the travel time and three-dimensional ray tracing calculations. The Vp and Vp/Vs structures derived from joint inversion and the relocated earthquakes can provide better constraints for analyzing the lateral heterogeneity and deep tectonic characters in the crust and upper mantle. Our tomographic results reveal significant relations between the seismic wavespeed structure and the tectonic characters. In the shallow depth, sedimentary basins and orogen show distinct wavespeed anomalies, with low Vp, high Vp/Vs in basins and high Vp, low Vp/Vs in orogen. As the suture zone of Eurasian Plate and Philippine Sea Plate, Longitudinal Valley is characterized by a significant high Vp/Vs anomaly extending to the middle-lower crust and upper mantle, which reflects the impact of rock cracking, partial melting, and the presence of fluids. In the northeast Taiwan, the Vp, Vp/Vs anomalies and relocated earthquakes depict the subducting Philippine Sea Plate under the Eurasian Plate. The high Vp of oceanic plate and the low Vp, high Vp/Vs atop the subducted oceanic plate extend to 80 km depth. Along the east-west profiles, the thickness of crust reaches 60 km at the east of Central Range with eastward dipping trend, which reveals the eastward subduction of the thickened and deformed crust of the Eurasian continental plate. | LI ZhiWei XU Yi HAO TianYao XU Ya | 2009 | Science China Earth Sciences2009，52，7： | 6 |
| 7 | Mesozoic-Cenozoic Tectonics of the Yellow Sea and Oil-Gas Exploration显示文摘The purpose of the present study was to study the tectonics of the Yellow Sea. Although oil- gas exploration has been undertaken for more than 30 years in the southern Yellow Sea, the exploration progress has achieved little. There are three tectonic periods with near N–S trending shortening and compression (260–200 Ma, 135–52 Ma and 23–0.78 Ma) and three tectonic periods with near E–W trending shortening and compression (200–135 Ma, 52–23 Ma and 0.78 Ma) at the Yellow Sea and adjacent areas during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. The Indosinian tectonic period is the collision period between the Sino-Korean and Yangtze Plates, which formed the basic tectonic framework for the Yellow Sea area. There were strong intraplate deformations during the Yanshanian (200–135 Ma) and Sichuanian (135–52 Ma) periods with different tectonic models, which are also the main formation periods for endogenic metallic mineral deposits around the Yellow Sea. The three tectonic periods during the Cenozoic affect important influences for forming oil-gas reservoirs. The Eocene–Oligocene (52–23 Ma) is the main forming period for oil-gas sources. The Miocene–Early Pleistocene (23–0.78 Ma) was a period of favorable passage for oil-gas migration along NNE trending faults. Since the Middle Pleistocene (0.78 Ma) the NNE trending faults are closed and make good conditions for the reservation of oil-gas. The authors suggest that we pay more attention to the oil-gas exploration at the intersections between the NNE trending existing faults and Paleogene– Neogene systems in the southern Yellow Sea area. | WAN Tianfeng HAO Tianyao | 2010 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2010，84，1： | 4 |
| 8 | Inversion of teleseismic waves at Shidao Seismographic Station显示文摘 | RUAN Aiguo LI Jiabiao HAO Tianyao WU Qingju XU Yi | 2006 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2006，25，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Investigation of geothermal structure of the Sulawesi,using gravity and magnetic method显示文摘The Sulawesi Sea and Sulawesi Island are located in the western Pacific area where volcanic activity,plate subduction,and seismic activity are very active.The Sulawesi basin formed during the Middle Eocene-Late Eocene and nearly half of the Eocene oceanic crust has subducted below the North Sulawesi Trench.The Sulawesi Island was spliced and finalized in the Early Pliocene-Pleistocene during volcanic activity and is recently very active.This area is an optimal location to study volcanic geothermal conditions and subduction initiation mechanisms in the southern part of the western Pacific plate margin,which are important in geothermal and geodynamic research.In this study,we combined 133 heat flow data with gravity and magnetic data to calculate the Moho structure and Curie point depth of the Sulawesi Sea and periphery of the Sulawesi Island,and analyze the distribution characteristics of the geothermal gradient and thermal conductivity.The results show that the average depths of the Moho and Curie surfaces in this area are 18.4 and 14.3 km,respectively,which is consistent with the crustal velocity layer structure in the Sulawesi Basin previously determined by seismic refraction.The average geothermal gradient is 4.96°C(100 m)-1.The oceanic area shows a high geothermal gradient and low thermal conductivity,whereas the land area shows a low geothermal gradient and high thermal conductivity,both of which are consistent with statistical results of the geothermal gradient at the measured heat flow points.The highest geothermal gradient zone occurs in the transition zone from the Sulawesi Sea to Sulawesi Island,corresponding to the spreading ridge of the southward-moving Sulawesi Basin.Comprehensive gravity,magnetic,and geothermal studies have shown a high crustal geothermal gradient in the study area,which is conducive to the subduction initiation.The northern part of the Palu-koro fault on the western side of Sulawesi is likely the location where subduction initiation is occurring.During the process of moving northwest,the northern and eastern branches of Sulawesi Island have different speeds;the former is slow and the latter is fast.These branches also show different deep tectonic dynamic directions;the northern branch tilts north-up and the eastern branch tilts north-down. | Jian ZHANG Tianyao HAO Miao DONG Ya XU Beiyu WANG Yifei AI Gui FANG | 2021 | Science China Earth Sciences2021，64，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Separation of Potential Field Data Using 3-D Principal Component Analysis and Textural Analysis显示文摘 | Zhang Lili Hao Tianyao Jiang Weiwe: | 2009 | Geophysical Journal International2009，179，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Velocity structure in the South Yellow Sea basin based on first-arrival tomography of wide-angle seismic data and its geological implications显示文摘The South Yellow Sea basin is filled with Mesozoic-Cenozoic continental sediments overlying pre-Palaeozoic and Mesozoic-Palaeozoic marine sediments.Conventional multi-channel seismic data cannot describe the velocity structure of the marine residual basin in detail,leading to the lack of a deeper understanding of the distribution and lithology owing to strong energy shielding on the top interface of marine sediments.In this study,we present seismic tomography data from ocean bottom seismographs that describe the NEE-trending velocity distributions of the basin.The results indicate that strong velocity variations occur at shallow crustal levels.Horizontal velocity bodies show good correlation with surface geological features,and multi-layer features exist in the vertical velocity framework(depth:0–10 km).The analyses of the velocity model,gravity data,magnetic data,multichannel seismic profiles,and drilling data showed that high-velocity anomalies(>6.5 km/s)of small(thickness:1–2 km)and large(thickness:>5 km)scales were caused by igneous complexes in the multi-layer structure,which were active during the Palaeogene.Possible locations of good Mesozoic and Palaeozoic marine strata are limited to the Central Uplift and the western part of the Northern Depression along the wide-angle ocean bottom seismograph array.Following the Indosinian movement,a strong compression existed in the Northern Depression during the extensional phase that caused the formation of folds in the middle of the survey line.This study is useful for reconstructing the regional tectonic evolution and delineating the distribution of the marine residual basin in the South Yellow Sea basin. | Weina Zhao Zhiqiang Wu Fanghui Hou Xunhua Zhang Tianyao Hao Hanjoon Kim Yanpeng Zheng Shanshan Chen Huigang Wang | 2023 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2023，42，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Regional Gravity Anomaly Separation Using Wavelet Transform and Spectrum Analysis显示文摘 | Xu Ya Hao Tianyao Li Zhiwei | 2009 | Journal of Geophysics and Engineering2009，6，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Neogene subduction initiation models in the western Pacific and analysis of subduction zone parameters显示文摘The Neogene is an important period for studying the onset of subduction,with numerous subduction zones forming in the western Pacific,including the Ryukyu,Manila,Philippine,North Sulawesi,Halmahera,New Britain,Solomon,and New Hebrides subduction zones.However,studies on these subduction zones are relatively independent,so it is important to conduct systematic comparative studies.In this paper,we review the initiation models of Neogene subduction in the western Pacific,with the three typical types of subduction initiation models including polarity-reversal,induced subduction re-initiation,and noninherited subduction initiation to form new ruptures.In addition,the parameters of different subduction zones are collated to form five categories:basic features,subducting plate features,upper plate features,kinematic features,and subsequent activity.The regularity of the subduction processes,the specificity of the different subduction cases,and the possible constraints between the subduction initiation types and the characteristics of the subduction zone parameters are discussed and analyzed.The compiled dataset of the subduction zone parameters can provide data support for related studies. | Min LI Song HUANG Tianyao HAO Miao DONG Ya XU Jian ZHANG Qingyu HE Gui FANG | 2023 | Science China Earth Sciences2023，66，3： | 0 |
| 14 | The effect of inhomogeneous water on seismic imaging in deepwater areas of the South China Sea显示文摘This paper examines the effect of inhomogeneous water on seismic imaging in deep water areas.An appropriate partial differential equation is derived for the acoustic pressure field in inhomogeneous water,including current effects.Seismic wavefields are simulated and the results show that the traveltime of seismic waves can be affected.The maximum traveltime perturbation at zero offset is 20 ms.In particular,the structure of horizontal reflectors below the water is distorted by mesoscale eddies.Variations of water temperature are the fundamental cause of the distortion.Finally,a calibration method for the distortion of seismic imaging caused by inhomogeneous water is presented. | JI LiLi LIN Mian HAO TianYao | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，35： | 0 |
| 15 | Fault-controlled regional magmatism and mineral deposition in central Cathaysia——Evidence from ambient noise tomography显示文摘Guangdong Province in the central Cathaysian Block has two world-class metallogenic belts, namely, the Nanling and Southeastern Coastal Metallogenic Belts(NLMB and SCMB), which are spatially coincide with the major regional Ganjiang and Zhenghe-Dapu Fault Zones(GJFZ and ZDFZ). However, what roles the faults played in mineral deposition and magmatism is unclear. Using ambient noise tomography, we obtain a 3-D whole-crust shear wave velocity model. By combining available regional geophysical models, we characterize the architecture of the regional shallow lithosphere and infer its possible tectonic connection to magmatic sources, pathways and surface deposition. The results show that the study area is loosely divided by the two major faults, the GJFZ and ZDFZ, into distinct velocity domains. In the north high Vand low V/Vcrust in the NLMB imply crustal remelting, which leads to the general felsic composition. In the coastal area, the lower crustal high Vanomaly is attributed to upwelling melts associated with Cretaceous magmatic activity. Between mineral belts, a swath of crustal lowvelocity zones extend into the uppermost mantle, manifesting partial melting related to upwelling magmas that may hint at a deep origin of magma from subcrustal lithosphere and likely feed surface mineral deposits through major faults. Secondary NW-trending faults coincide with low velocities and facilitated magmatic migration. A correlation between coastward extension of low velocities and younging of the Jurassic and Cretaceous magmatism is suggestive of a combined effect of slab rollback and a change in the direction of the Paleo-Pacific subduction system. We speculate a regional fault-control model in the central Cathaysian Block for the spatial-temporal evolution of regional deformation and magmatism during the middle Mesozoic. | Lingmin CAO Huaiyu YUAN Liang ZHAO Minghui ZHAO Haibo HUANG Tianyao HAO Xuelin QIU | 2022 | Science China Earth Sciences2022，65，9： | 0 |
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