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| 1 | Short-chain fatty acids act as antiinflammatory mediators by regulating prostaglandin E_2 and cytokines显示文摘AIM:To investigate the effect of short-chain fatty ac-ids (SCFAs) on production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2),cytokines and chemokines in human monocytes.METHODS:Human neutrophils and monocytes were isolated from human whole blood by using 1-Step Polymorph and RosetteSep Human Monocyte Enrich-ment Cocktail,respectively. Human GPR41 and GPR43 mRNA expression was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The calcium flux assay was used to examine the biological activities of SCFAs in human neutrophils and monocytes. The effect ofSCFAs on human monocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was studied by measuring PGE2,cytokines and chemokines in the supernatant. The effect of SCFAs in vivo was examined by intraplantar injection into rat paws.RESULTS:Human GPR43 is highly expressed in human neutrophils and monocytes. SCFAs induce robust calcium flux in human neutrophils,but not in human monocytes. In this study,we show that SCFAs can in-duce human monocyte release of PGE2 and that this effect can be enhanced in the presence of lipopolysac-charide (LPS). In addition,we demonstrate that PGE2 production induced by SCFA was inhibited by pertussis toxin,suggesting the involvement of a receptor-mediated mechanism. Furthermore,SCFAs can specifi cally inhibit constitutive monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) production and LPS-induced interleukin-10 (IL-10) production in human monocytes without affecting the secretion of other cytokines and chemokines examined. Similar activities were observed in human PBMC for the release of PGE2,MCP-1 and IL-10 after SCFA treatment. In addition,SCFAs inhibit LPS-induced production of tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ in human PBMC. Finally,we show that SCFAs and LPS can induce PGE2 production in vivo by intraplantar injection into rat paws (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION:SCFAs can have distinct antiinflammatory activities due to their regulation of PGE2,cytokine and chemokine release from human immune cells. | Mary Ann Cox James Jackson Michaela Stanton Alberto Rojas-Triana Loretta Bober Maureen Laverty Xiaoxin Yang Feng Zhu Jianjun Liu Suke Wang Frederick Monsma Galya Vassileva Maureen Maguire Eric Gustafson Marvin Bayne Chuan-Chu Chou Daniel Lundell Chung-Her Jenh | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，44： | 30 |
| 2 | Potential of soluble CD26 as a serum marker for colorectal cancer detection显示文摘Colorectal cancer is characterized by a low survival rate even though the basis for colon cancer development,which involves the evolution of adenomas to carcinoma,is known.Moreover,the mortality rates continue to rise in economically transitioning countries although there is the opportunity to intervene in the natural history of the adenoma–cancer sequence through risk factors,screening,and treatment.Screening in particular accounted for most of the decline in colorectal cancer mortality achieved in the USA during the period 1975-2000.Patients show a better prognosis when the neoplasm is diagnosed early.Among the variety of screening strategies,the methods range from invasive and costly procedures such as colonoscopy to more low-cost and non-invasive tests such as the fecal occult blood test(guaiac and immunochemical).As a non-invasive biological serum marker would be of great benefit because of the performance of the test,several biomarkers,including cytologic assays,DNA and mRNA,and soluble proteins,have been studied.We found that the soluble CD26(sCD26)concentration is diminished in serum of colorectal cancer patients compared to healthy donors,suggesting the potential utility of a sCD26 immunochemical detection test for early diagnosis.sCD26 originates from plasma membrane CD26 lacking its transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains.Some 90%–95%of sCD26 has been associated with serum dipeptidyl peptidase IV(DPPIV)activity.DPP-IV,assigned to the CD26 cluster,is a pleiotropic enzyme expressed mainly on epithelial cells and lymphocytes.Our studies intended to validate this test for population screening to detect colorectal cancer and advanced adenomas are reviewed here. | Oscar J Cordero Monica Imbernon Loretta De Chiara Vicenta S Martinez-Zorzano Daniel Ayude Maria Paez de la Cadena F Javier Rodriguez-Berrocal | 2011 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2011，2，6： | 5 |
| 3 | Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells as feasible and effective adoptive immunotherapy for the treatment of solid tumors显示文摘 | Giulia Mesiano Maja Todorovic Loretta Gammaitoni Valeria Leuci Lidia Giraudo Diego Fabrizio Carnevale-Schianca Franca Fagioli Wanda Piacibello Massimo Aglietta Dario Sangiolo | 2012 | Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy2012，，6： | 5 |
| 4 | Systems approaches to urban underground space planning and management-A review显示文摘The necessity to recognize the subsurface or underground and all its current and potential uses as part of our urban environment,to integrate this into urban planning and governance,and to foster conscious allocation of subsurface space has been increasingly recognized over the last century.At the same time,systems thinking as a‘buzz-word’has gained relevance for approaching complex problem areas in all kinds of disciplines including those preoccupied with the subsurface.This paper reviews the literature about urban underground planning through a systems-lens.To set this in context,it is outlined how organizational principles for the urban subsurface have evolved,and the main aspects of systems thinking are introduced followed by a discussion of how this thinking could be applied to the urban underground.Strategies and tools presented in the recent literature in the field are then reviewed based on this perspective,asking how systemic the proposed strategies and tools are when the local geology,as well as legal and institutional settings are accepted as a baseline for analysis or intervention.Systemic approaches built on this premise have the potential to capture existing and evolving complexities,foster a better understanding of the value of subsurface space for a city and ultimately enable an efficient and fair allocation of underground space.However,propositions for holistic solutions remain dispersed,interventions often remain based in an engineering mindset,and a shift in mind-set remains a challenge.More research in collaboration with local and regional administrations or authorities based on systems thinking frameworks could help to facilitate this shift. | Loretta von der Tann Raymond Sterling Yingxin Zhou Nicole Metje | 2020 | Underground Space2020，5，2： | 3 |
| 5 | Non-invasive versus invasive mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure in severe acute respiratory syndrome显示文摘Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome is frequently complicated by respiratory failure requiringventilatory support.We aimed to compare the efficacy of non-invasive ventilation against invasive mechanicalventilation treating respiratory failure in this disease.Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted on all respiratory failure patients identified from the HongKong Hospital Authority Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Database.Intubation rate, mortality and secondaryoutcome of a hospital utilizing non-invasive ventilation under standard infection control conditions ( NIVHospital) were compared against13 hospitals using solely invasive ventilation (IMVHospitals).Multiple logisticregression analyses with adjustments for confounding variables were performed to test for association betweenoutcomes and hospital groups.Results Both hospital groups had comparable demographics and clinical profiles, but NIV Hospital (42patients) had higher lactate dehydrogenase ratio and worse radiographic score on admission and ribavirin-corticosteroid commencement.Compared to IMV Hospitals (451 patients), NIV Hospital had lower adjustedodds ratios for intubation (0.36, 95% CI 0.164 -0.791,P=0.011) and death (0.235, 95% CI 0.077 -0.716,P=0.011), and improved earlier after pulsed steroid rescue.There were no instances of transmission ofsevere acute respiratory syndrome among health care workers due to the use of non-invasive ventilation.Conclusion Compared to invasive mechanical ventilation, non-invasive ventilation as initial ventilatory supportfor acute respiratory failure in the presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome appeared to be associated withreduced intubation need and mortality. | Loretta YC Yam Alfred YF Chan Thomas MT Cheung Eva LH Tsui Jane CK Chan Vivian CW Wong | 2005 | Chinese Medical Journal2005，，17： | 3 |
| 6 | Inside the black box: What explains differences in the efficiencies of financial institutions?显示文摘 | Allen N. Berger Loretta J. Mester | 1997 | Journal of Banking and Finance1997，，7： | 3 |
| 7 | Discourse Markers and Spoken English: Native and Learner Use in Pedagogic Settings显示文摘 | Loretta Fung Ronald Carter | 2007 | Applied Linguistics2007，，3： | 2 |
| 8 | Correlations between fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) and meteorological variables in the United States: Implications for the sensitivity of PM 2.5 to climate change显示文摘 | Amos P.K. Tai Loretta J. Mickley Daniel J. Jacob | 2010 | Atmospheric Environment2010，，32： | 2 |
| 9 | Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of exenatide in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus显示文摘 | Orville G. Kolterman Dennis D. Kim Larry Shen James A. Ruggles Loretta L. Nielsen Mark S. Fineman Alain D. Baron | 2005 | American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy2005，，2： | 2 |
| 10 | Identifying three types of violent offenders and predicting violent recidivism while on probation显示文摘 | Loretta J Stalans Paul R Yarnold Magnus Seng | 2004 | Law and Hunan Behavior2004，9，33： | 1 |
| 11 | Motivators to creativity in the hotel industry-perspectives of managers and supervisors 显示文摘 | Simon Wong and Loretta Pang | 2003 | Tourism Management2003，24，： | 1 |
| 12 | Community nursing services for postdischarge chronically ill patients显示文摘 | Susan KY Chow Frances KY Wong Tony MF Chan Loretta YF Chung Katherine KP Chang Rance PL Lee | 2008 | Journal of Clinical Nursing2008，，7： | 1 |
| 13 | Daily and seasonal variation of CO2 in the city of Rome in relationship with the traffic volume 显示文摘 | Loretta G Laura V | 2005 | Atmospheric Environment2005，39，： | 1 |
| 14 | Trimetazidine potentiates the effects of exercise training in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy referred for cardiac rehabilitation显示文摘 | Romualdo Belardinelli Francesca Lacalaprice Ernesto Faccenda Loretta Volpe | 2008 | European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation2008，，5： | 1 |
| 15 | Safety and effectiveness of insulin pump the rapy in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes显示文摘 | Leslie P Plontnick Loretta M Clark Frederick L | 2003 | Diabetes Care2003，26，： | 1 |
| 16 | Living With Diabetes: Perceptions of Hispanic Migrant Farmworkers显示文摘 | Loretta Heuer Cheryl Lausch | 2006 | Journal of Community Health Nursing2006，，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Buffer effects on aqueous swelling kinetics of polyelectrolyte gels 显示文摘 | Loretta Y Harver W B John M P | 1992 | Apply Polymer Science1992，，45： | 1 |
| 18 | Age dependence of the influence of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genotype on plasma homocysteine level显示文摘 | Loretta D-Spotlla Paul F-Jacques Peter B-Berger | 2003 | Am J Epidemiol2003，158，9： | 1 |
| 19 | Using High- fidelity Simulation to Prepare Advanced Practice Nursing Students 显示文摘 | Darnel1 MW Amy B Loretta L | 2014 | Clinical Simula- tion in Nursing2014，10，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Development of A standard treatment protocol for severe acute respiratory syndrome显示文摘 | Lolepta K-Y So Arthur C W Lau Loretta Y C Yam | 2003 | Lancet2003，361，： | 1 |
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