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| 1 | Titanium dioxide induced inflammation in the small intestine显示文摘AIM:To investigate the effects of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPTiO 2 ) and microparticles (MPTiO 2 ) on the inflammatory response in the small intestine of mice. METHODS: Bl 57/6 male mice received distilled water suspensions containing TiO 2 (100 mg/kg body weight) as NPTiO 2 (66 nm), or MPTiO 2 (260 nm) by gavage for 10 d, once a day; the control group received only distilled water. At the end of the treatment the duodenum, jejunum and ileum were extracted for assessment of cytokines, inflammatory cells and titanium content. The cytokines interleukin (IL)-1b, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-13, IL-17, IL-23, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), intracellular interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in segments of jejunum and ileum (mucosa and underlying muscular tissue). CD4 + and CD8 + T cells, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells were evaluated in duodenum, jejunum and ileum samples fixed in 10% formalin by immuno-histochemistry. The titanium content was determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. RESULTS: We found increased levels of T CD4 + cells (cells/mm 2 ) in duodenum:NP 1240 ± 139.4, MP 1070 ± 154.7 vs 458 ± 50.39 (P < 0.01); jejunum:NP 908.4 ± 130.3, MP 813.8 ± 103.8 vs 526.6 ± 61.43 (P < 0.05); and ileum:NP 818.60 ± 123.0, MP 640.1 ± 32.75 vs 466.9 ± 22.4 (P < 0.05). In comparison to the control group, the groups receiving TiO 2 showed a statistically significant increase in the levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-12, IL-4, IL-23, TNF-α, IFN-γ and TGF-β. The cytokine production was more pronounced in the ileum (mean ± SE):IL-12: NP 33.98 ± 11.76, MP 74.11 ± 25.65 vs 19.06 ± 3.92 (P < 0.05); IL-4: NP 17.36 ± 9.96, MP 22.94 ± 7.47 vs 2.19 ± 0.65 (P < 0.05); IL-23: NP 157.20 ± 75.80, MP 134.50 ± 38.31 vs 22.34 ± 5.81 (P < 0.05); TNFα: NP 3.71 ± 1.33, MP 5.44 ± 1.67 vs 0.99± 019 (P < 0.05); IFNγ: NP 15.85 ± 9.99, MP 34.08 ± 11.44 vs 2.81 ± 0.69 (P < 0.05); and TGF-β: NP 780.70 ± 318.50, MP 1409.00 ± 502.20 vs 205.50 ± 63.93 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION:Our findings indicate that TiO2 particles induce a Th1-mediated inflammatory response in the small bowel in mice. | Carolina Maciel Nogueira Walter Mendes de Azevedo Maria Lucia Zaidan Dagli Sérgio Hiroshi Toma AndréZonetti de Arruda Leite Maria Laura Lordello Iêda Nishitokukado Carmen Lúcia Ortiz-Agostinho Maria IrmaSeixas Duarte Marcelo Alves Ferreira Aytan Miranda Sipahi | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，34： | 8 |
| 2 | Predictive torque control of induction machines based on statespace model显示文摘 | MIRANDA H CORTES P YUz J I | | 0，，06： | 1 |
| 3 | Cellular automata models for the simulation of real-world urban processes:A review and analysis显示文摘 | SANTI GARCA A M MIRANDA D | 2010 | Landscape and Urban Planning2010，3，96： | 1 |
| 4 | Co-gasification study of biomass mixed with plastic wastes显示文摘 | PINTO F FRANCO C ANDRE R N MIRANDA M GULYURTLU I CABRITA I | 2002 | Fuel2002，81，3： | 1 |
| 5 | A numerical study of steady and unsteady viscoelastic flow past bounded cylinders显示文摘 | Oliveira P J Miranda A I P | 2005 | Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics2005，127，1： | 1 |
| 6 | GIS spatial analysis applied to electric line routing optimization显示文摘 | Monteiro C Ramírez-Rosado I J Miranda V | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 7 | Silica removal from newsprint mill effluents with aluminum salts显示文摘 | Latour I Miranda R Blanco A | 2013 | Chemical Engineering Journal2013，230，： | 1 |
| 8 | Pure and (zinc or iron) doped titania powders prepared by sol -gel and used as photocatalyst显示文摘 | Seabra M P Miranda Salvado I M Labrincha J A | 2011 | Ceramic Internation- al2011，37，7： | 1 |
| 9 | Intergenerational Income Mobility ina Less-Developed,High-Inequality Context:The Caseof Chile显示文摘 | I Javier Nunez Leslie Miranda | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 10 | Insulin oversecretion in MSG-obese rats is related to alterations in cholinergic muscarinic receptor subtypes in pancreatic islets 显示文摘 | MIRANDA R A AGOSTINHO A R TREVENZOLI I H | 2014 | Cell Physiol Biochem2014，33，4： | 1 |
| 11 | Quantitation determination of chlorogenic acid in cider apple juices by ^1HNMR spectrometry显示文摘 | BERREGI I SANTOS J MIRANDA J | 2003 | Analyrica Chimica Acta2003，486，： | 1 |
| 12 | Foldable Hydroview (H60m) intraocular lens: functional results and postoperative findings显示文摘 | Miranda Diez I Gomez De Liano F Vicente Ruiz A | 2000 | Arch Soc Esp Ophthalmol2000，75，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Antimicrobial activity of a bovine hemoglobin fragment in the tick boophilus microplus显示文摘 | Fogaca A C Silva P I Miranda M T | 1999 | Journal of Biological Chemistry1999，274，25： | 1 |
| 14 | Predictive torque control of induction machines based on state-space models显示文摘 | Miranda H Cortes P Yuz J I | 2009 | IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics2009，56，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Flavonol monoglycosides isolated from the antiviral fractions of Persea americana (Lauraceae) leaf infusion 显示文摘 | De Almeida A P Miranda M M F S Simoni I C | 1998 | PhytotherRes1998，12，8： | 1 |
| 16 | Pain cognitionsas predictors of the request for pain relief during the first stage of labor:a prospective study显示文摘 | Veringa I Buitendijk S de Miranda E | 2011 | Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol2011，32，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Design, construction and performance testing of a solar dryer for agroindustrial by-products显示文摘 | Montero I Blanco J Miranda T | 2010 | Energy Conversion and Management2010，51，7： | 1 |
| 18 | Recognition of bacteriophage Qβ plus strand RNA as a template by Qβ replicase:role of RNA interactions mediated by ribosomal proteins S1 and host factors显示文摘 | MIRANDA G SCHUPPLI D BARRERA I | 1997 | Journal of Molecular Biology1997，267，： | 1 |
| 19 | Influence of Provenance,subspecies,and site on wood density in Eucalyptus globulus labill显示文摘 | Miranda I Almeida M H Pereira H | 2001 | Wood and Fiber Science2001，33，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Trinucleotide repeats in 202 families with ataxia: a small expanded (CAG)n allele at the SCA17 locus显示文摘 | Silveira I Miranda C Guimaraes L | 2002 | Arch Neurol2002，59，4： | 1 |
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