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| 1 | Nitrite,a novel method to decrease ischemia/reperfusion injury in the rat liver显示文摘AIM:To investigate whether nitrite administered prior to ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)reduces liver injury.METHODS:Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to 3 groups,including sham operated(n=8),45-min segmental ischemia of the left liver lobe(IR,n=14)and ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)preceded by the administration of 480 nmol of nitrite(n=14).Serum transaminases were measured after 4 h of reperfusion.Liver microdialysate(MD)was sampled in 30-min intervals and analyzed for glucose,lactate,pyruvate and glycerol as well as the total nitrite and nitrate(NOx).The NOx was measured in serum.RESULTS:Aspartate aminotransferase(AST)at the end of reperfusion was higher in the IR group than in the nitrite group(40±6.8μkat/L vs 22±2.6μkat/L,P=0.022).Similarly,alanine aminotransferase(ALT)was also higher in the I/R group than in the nitrite group(34±6μkat vs 14±1.5μkat,P=0.0045).The NOx in MD was significantly higher in the nitrite group than in the I/R group(10.1±2.9μmol/L vs 3.2±0.9μmol/L,P=0.031)after the administration of nitrite.During ischemia,the levels decreased in both groups and then increased again during reperfusion.At the end of reperfusion,there was a tendency towards a higher NOx in the I/R group than in the nitrite group(11.6±0.7μmol/L vs 9.2±1.1μmol/L,P=0.067).Lactate in MD was significantly higher in the IR group than in the nitrite group(3.37±0.18 mmol/L vs 2.8±0.12 mmol/L,P=0.01)during ischemia and the first 30 min of reperfusion.During the same period,glycerol was also higher in the IRI group than in the nitrite group(464±38μmol/L vs 367±31μmol/L,P=0.049).With respect to histology,there were more signs of tissue damage in the I/R group than in the nitrite group,and29%of the animals in the I/R group exhibited necrosis compared with none in the nitrite group.Inducible nitric oxide synthase transcription increased between early ischemia(t=15)and the end of reperfusion in both groups.CONCLUSION:Nitrite administered before liver ischemia in the rat liver reduces anaerobic metabolism and cell necrosis,which could be important in the clinical setting. | Bergthor Bjrnsson Linda Bojmar Hans Olsson Tommy Sundqvist Per Sandstrm | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，6： | 8 |
| 2 | 钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白-2抑制剂或胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂治疗成人2型糖尿病:临床实践指南显示文摘临床问题对于存在不同心血管风险及肾脏结局的2型糖尿病患者,在原有生活方式干预和/或其他降糖药物的基础上加用钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2(SGLT-2)抑制剂和胰高血糖素样肽1(GLP-1)受体激动剂的获益及风险是什么?现行做法几十年来,2型糖尿病的治疗决策都以控制血糖为主导。SGLT-2抑制剂和GLP-1受体激动剂在传统观念中常被用于二甲双胍治疗后血糖仍控制不佳的患者。目前这一现状已经发生了改变,这得益于多项临床研究结果。研究显示SGLT-2抑制剂和GLP-1受体激动剂拥有独立于药物降糖作用之外的对于动脉粥样硬化性心血管病(CVD)和慢性肾脏病(CKD)的获益。建议本指南阐述了针对不同风险分层的成人2型糖尿病患者使用SGLT-2抑制剂或GLP-1受体激动剂的建议。•伴有3种或更少的心血管风险因素且不存在CVD或CKD:不建议启动SGLT-2抑制剂或GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)•伴有3种以上心血管风险因素且不存在CVD或CKD:建议启动SGLT-2抑制剂治疗,不建议启动GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)•已经存在CVD或CKD:建议启动SGLT-2抑制剂治疗和GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)•已经存在CVD和CKD:建议启动SGLT-2抑制剂治疗(推荐等级:强)和GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)•对于那些想要进一步降低CVD和CKD结局风险的患者:推荐优先启用SGLT-2抑制剂治疗而非GLP-1受体激动剂治疗。(推荐等级:弱)这项指南是如何制订的一个由患者、临床医生和方法学家共同组成的国际小组提出了这些推荐意见。这些推荐意见基于可信度较高的指南的标准,并使用GRADE分级方法进行评估。该小组采用了息者个体化的观点。证据一项关于获益与风险的系统综述和网络meta分析(764项随机对照研究,包括421346例参与者)发现SGLT-2抑制剂和GLP-1受体激动剂可以降低总体死亡率、心肌梗死发生率、终末期肾病或肾衰竭的发生率(中等至高等质量的证据)。在不同的亚组中这些药物对卒中、因心力衰竭所致住院和其他主要不良事件有不同的影响。药物绝对获益的程度因患者个体风险的不同有很大的差异。(例如,对于接受了超过5年药物治疗的1000例患者,在最低风险人群中死亡人数减少了5人,在最高风险人群中死亡人数减少了48人)。一项关于预后的综述确认了14种风险预测模型,其中一种(RECODe)在证据总结中报告了大部分基线风险评估数据,小组利用该模型以支持风险分层的建议。考虑到患者的价值观及个体差异,指南推荐的支撑证据包括一项对已发表论文的系统综述、一项患者焦点小组研究、一项临床问题总结,以及一项指南调查。指南解读我们依据不同的CVD和CKD风险水平,综合考虑获益、风险和其他因素的平衡,以及每一个风险组别的实际问题,来对推荐意见进行分层。本指南强烈建议CVD和CKD患者使用SGLT-2抑制剂治疗,这说明专家组认为其具有显著的获益。而对于其他成人2型糖尿病患者,推荐等级较弱,这说明专家组想要在获益、风险及治疗花费上取得一个更好的平衡。临床医生通过该指南可以使用可靠的风险计算模型,如RECODe,来明确其患者的个体心血管和肾脏疾病风险。医患交互式总结临床证据和制订决策有助于患者知晓治疗选择,包括进行共同决策。2型糖尿病人群(全球患病率不断增长1-2)正面临着不断增加的心血管疾病、肾脏病和其他并发症的风险3。数十年来,2型糖尿病的管理始终以控制血糖及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)为治疗目标4-5,但是,最近的高质量随机对照研究已经对这种以血糖为中心的治疗模式发起了挑战。研究结果显示,强化血糖控制未必会降低大血管不良事件,它还可能带来不利影响监管机构现在要求新型糖尿病药物必须证明其具有心血管和肾脏获益才能获得批准。对两类新药--钠-葡萄糖共转运蛋白2(SGLT-2)抑制剂和胰高血糖素样肽1(GLP-1)受体激动剂(见框图1)的临床试验结果显示,在现有治疗方案(常规治疗)之上加用这些药物,对死亡、心肌梗死、卒中、心力衰竭和肾脏的结局(如进展为终末期肾病)都有获益8-12。 | Sheyu Li Per Olav Vandvik Lyubov Lytvyn Gordon H Guyatt Suetonia C Palmer Rene Rodriguez-Gutierrez Farid Foroutan Thomas Agoritsas Reed A C Siemieniuk Michael Walsh Lawrie Frere David J Tunnicliffe Evi V Nagler Veena Manja Bjφrn Olav Asvold Vivekanand Jha Mieke Vermandere Karim Gariani Qian Zhao Yan Ren Emma Jane Cartwright Patrick Gee Alan Wickes Linda Fems Robin Wright Ling Li Qiukui Hao Reem A Mustafa 无 郭鹤鸣(译) | 2021 | 英国医学杂志中文版2021，24，9： | 7 |
| 3 | Iatrogenic esophago-tracheal fistula:Challenges in diagnosis and management显示文摘Esophageo-tracheal fistula is a rare condition,and in most cases such fistulas are caused by malignant disease or emergency endotracheal intubation.A case where a wrapped tablet produced a fistula between the esophagus and trachea is described.The patient is a male born in 1938 who swallowed a tablet without unwrapping it.The patient was treated with selfexpanding metal stents(SEMS),but closure of the fistula was not achieved.Different examinations and treatment options are discussed.Surgical treatment for this condition has demonstrated considerable mortality and morbidity.In some cases closure of the fistula can be achieved by use of SEMS.Although we advise treatment of such cases with SEMS,in some cases treatment with stents will prove troublesome and the risk/benefit analysis will have to be reevaluated. | istein Hovde yvind Haugen Lie Per Arthur Johansson ystein Stubhaug Egil Johnson Bjrn Hofstad Truls Hauge | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，4： | 5 |
| 4 | How should liver hypertrophy be stimulated?A comparison of upfront associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy(ALPPS)and portal vein embolization(PVE)with rescue possibility显示文摘Background:The role of associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy(ALPPS)in comparison to portal vein embolization(PVE)is debated.The aim of this study was to compare successful resection rates(RR)with upfront ALPPS vs.PVE with rescue ALPPS on demand and to compare the hypertrophy of the liver between ALPPS and PVE plus subsequent rescue ALPPS.Methods:A retrospective analysis of all patients treated with PVE for colorectal liver metastasis(CRLM)or ALPPS(any diagnosis,rescue ALPPS included)at five Scandinavian university hospitals during the years 2013-2016 was conducted.A Chi-square test and a Mann-Whitney U test were used to assess the difference between the groups.A successful RR was defined as liver resection without a 90-day mortality.Results:A total of 189 patients were included.Successful RR was in 84.5%of the patients with ALPPS upfront and in 73.3%of the patients with PVE and rescue ALPPS on demand(P=0.080).The hypertrophy of the future liver remnants(FLRs)with ALPPS upfront was 71%(48-97%)compared to 96%(82-113%)after PVE and rescue ALPPS(P=0.010).Conclusions:Upfront ALPPS offers a somewhat higher successful RR than PVE with rescue ALPPS on demand.The sequential combination of PVE and ALPPS leads to a higher overall degree of hypertrophy than upfront ALPPS. | Ernesto Sparrelid Kristina Hasselgren Bård Ingvald Røsok Peter Nørgaard Larsen Nicolai Aagaard Schultz Ulrik Carling Eva Fallentin Stefan Gilg Per Sandström Gert Lindell Bergthor Björnsson | 2021 | Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition2021，10，1： | 2 |
| 5 | Genome sequence of a food spoilage lactic acid bacterium, Leuconostoc gasicomitatum LMG 18811T, in association with specific spoilage reactions 显示文摘 | PER JOHANSSON LARS PAULIN K JOHANNA BJ?RKROTH | 2011 | Appl Environ Microb2011，77，43： | 1 |
| 6 | Hepatic and extrahepatic malignancies in autoimmune hepatitis. A long-term follow-up in 473 Swedish patients显示文摘 | M?rten Werner Sven Almer Hanne Prytz Stefan Lindgren Sven Wallerstedt Einar Bj?rnsson Annika Bergquist Hanna Sandberg-Gertzén Rolf Hultcrantz Per Sangfelt Ola Weiland ?ke Danielsson | 2008 | Journal of Hepatology2008，，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Detection of the mitochondrial and catalytically active alanine aminotransferasein human tissues and plasma显示文摘 | Bj?rn Glinghammar Ingalill Rafter Anna-Karin Lindstr?m Jesper Hedberg H?kan Andersson Per Lindblom Anna-Lena Berg Ian Cotgreave | 2009 | International Journal of Molecular Medicine2009，，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Tyrosine kinase inhibitor usage, treatment outcome, and prognostic scores in CML: report from the population-based Swedish CML registry显示文摘 | Martin H?glund Fredrik Sandin Karin Hellstr?m Mats Bj?reman Magnus Bj?rkholm Mats Brune Arta Dreimane Marja Ekblom S?ren Lehmann Per Ljungman Claes Malm Berit Markev?rn Kristina Myhr-Eriksson Lotta Ohm Ulla Olsson-Str?mberg Anders Sj?lander Hans Wadenvik | 2013 | Blood2013，，： | 1 |
| 9 | Metabolic Abnormalities in Visceral Obesity显示文摘 | Per Bj? rntorp | 1992 | Annals of Medicine1992，，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Remote or Conventional Ischemic Preconditioning –Local Liver Metabolism in Rats Studied with Microdialysis显示文摘 | Bergthor Bj?rnsson Anders Winbladh Linda Bojmar Lena M. Trulsson Hans Olsson Tommy Sundqvist Per Gullstrand Per Sandstr?m | 2012 | Journal of Surgical Research2012，，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Scandinavian multicenter study on the safety and feasibility of the associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy procedure显示文摘 | B?rd I. R?sok Bergthor Bj?rnsson Ernesto Sparrelid Kristina Hasselgren Ewa Pomianowska Thomas Gasslander Bj?rn Atle Bj?rnbeth Bengt Isaksson Per Sandstr?m | 2015 | Surgery2015，，： | 1 |
| 12 | Optical efficiency of a PV–thermal hybrid CPC module for high latitudes显示文摘 | Maria Brogren Per Nostell Bj?rn Karlsson | 2001 | Solar Energy2001，，： | 1 |
| 13 | Single frequency processing of ?rsted GPS radio occultation measurements显示文摘 | Georg Bergeton Larsen Stig Syndergaard Per H?eg Martin Bj?rt S?rensen | 2005 | GPS Solutions2005，，2： | 1 |
| 14 | The effect of service guarantees on service recovery 显示文摘 | Sara Bj ? rlin Lid~n Per Sk? 16n | 2003 | International Journal of Service Industry Management2003，14，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Epidemiology and the initial presentation of autoimmune hepatitis in Sweden: A nationwide study显示文摘 | M? rten Werner Hanne Prytz Bodil Ohlsson Sven Almer Einar Bj? rnsson Annika Bergquist Sven Wallerstedt Hanna Sandberg-Gertzé n Rolf Hultcrantz Per Sangfelt Ola Weiland ? ke Danielsson | 2008 | Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology2008，，10： | 1 |
| 16 | Integrated dynamic aquaculture and wastewater treatment modelling for recirculating aquaculture systems显示文摘 | Torsten E I Wik Bj?rn T Lindén Per I Wramner | 2009 | Aquaculture2009，287，34： | 1 |
| 17 | Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy for adenocarcinoma of the pancreas显示文摘Since the first report on laparoscopic distal pancreatec tomy(LDP) appeared in the 1990 s, the procedure ha been performed increasingly frequently to treat both benign and malignant lesions of the pancreas. Man earlier publications have shown LDP to be a good alter native to open distal pancreatectomy for benign lesions although this has never been studied in a prospective randomized manner. The evidence for the use of LDP to treat adenocarcinoma of the pancreas is not as we established. The purpose of this review is to evaluat the current evidence for LDP in cases of pancreati adenocarcinoma. We conducted a review of English language publications reporting LDP results between1990 and 2013. All studies reporting results in patient with histologically proven pancreatic adenocarcinom were included. Thirty-nine publications were found and included in the results for a total of 309 cases of pan creatic adenocarcinoma(potential double publication were not eliminated). Most LDP procedures are per formed in selected cases and generally involve smalle tumors than open distal pancreatectomy(ODP) proce dures. Some of the papers report unselected cases andinclude procedures on larger tumors. The number of lymph nodes harvested using LDP is comparable to the number obtained with ODP, as is the frequency of R0 resections. Current data suggest that similar short term oncological results can be obtained using LDP as those obtained using ODP. | Bergthor Bjrnsson Per Sandstrm | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，37： | 1 |
| 18 | Surface weathering and dispersibility of MC252 crude oil显示文摘 | Per S. Daling Frode Leirvik Inger Kjersti Alm?s Per Johan Brandvik Bj?rn Henrik Hansen Alun Lewis Mark Reed | 2014 | Marine Pollution Bulletin . 2014 (1-2)2014，，1： | 1 |
| 19 | GPX Pro198Leu and OGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphisms and risk of development of colorectal adenomas and colorectal cancer显示文摘 | Rikke Hansen Mona S?b? Camilla Furu Skjelbred Bj?rn Andersen Nex? Per Christian Hagen Günther Bock Inger Marie Bowitz Lothe Egil Johnson Steinar Aase Inger-Lise Hansteen Ulla Vogel Elin H. Kure | 2005 | Cancer Letters2005，，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Systemic and local ibandronate enhance screw fixation显示文摘 | Bj?rn Skoglund Jonas Holmertz Per Aspenberg | 2004 | Journal of Orthopaedic Research2004，，5： | 1 |
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