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| 1 | Unraveling a genetic roadmap for improved taste in the domesticated apple显示文摘Although taste is an important aspect of fruit quality, an understanding of its genetic control remains elusive in apple and other fruit crops. In this study, we conducted genomic sequence analysis of 497 Malus accessions and revealed erosion of genetic diversity caused by apple breeding and possible independent domestication events of dessert and cider apples. Signatures of selection for fruit acidity and size, but not for fruit sugar content, were detected during the processes of both domestication and improvement. Furthermore, we found that single mutations in major genes affecting fruit taste, including Ma1, MdTDT, and MdSOT2, dramatically decrease malate, citrate, and sorbitol accumulation, respectively, and correspond to important domestication events. Interestingly, Ma1 was identified to have pleiotropic effects on both organic acid content and sugar:acid ratio, suggesting that it plays a vital role in determining fruit taste. Fruit taste is unlikely to have been negatively affected by linkage drag associated with selection for larger fruit that resulted from the pyramiding of multiple genes with minor effects on fruit size. Collectively, our study provides new insights into the genetic basis of fruit quality and its evolutionary roadmap during apple domestication, pinpointing several candidate genes for genetic manipulation of fruit taste in apple. | Liao Liao Weihan Zhang Bo Zhang Ting Fang Xiao-Fei Wang Yarning Cai Collins Ogutu Lei Gao Gang Chen Xiaoqing Nie Jinsheng Xu Quanyan Zhang Yiran Ren Jianqiang Yu Chukun Wang Cecilia H.Deng Baiquan Ma Beibei Zheng Chun-Xiang You Da-Gang Hu Richard Espley Kui Lin-Wang Jia-Long Yao Andrew C.Allan Awais Khan Schuyler S.Korban Zhangjun Fei Ray Ming Yu-Jin Hao Li Li Yuepeng Han | 2021 | Molecular Plant2021，14，9： | 5 |
| 2 | Dynamic games for secure and resilient control system design显示文摘Modern control systems are featured by their hierarchical structure composed of cyber,physical and human layers.The intricate dependencies among multiple layers and units of modern control systems require an integrated framework to address cross-layer design issues related to security and resilience challenges.To this end,game theory provides a bottom-up modeling paradigm to capture the strategic interactions among multiple components of the complex system and enables a holistic view to understand and design cyber-physical-human control systems.In this review,we first provide a multi-layer perspective toward increasingly complex and integrated control systems and then introduce several variants of dynamic games for modeling different layers of control systems.We present game-theoretic methods for understanding the fundamental tradeoffs of robustness,security and resilience and developing a cross-layer approach to enhance the system performance in various adversarial environments.This review also includes three quintessential research problems that represent three research directions where dynamic game approaches can bridge between multiple research areas and make significant contributions to the design of modern control systems.The paper is concluded with a discussion on emerging areas of research that crosscut dynamic games and control systems. | Yunhan Huang Juntao Chen Linan Huang Quanyan Zhu | 2020 | National Science Review2020，7，7： | 2 |
| 3 | Genome-wide identification and expression analyses of homeodomain-leucine zipper family genes reveal their involvement in stress response in apple(Malus×domestica)显示文摘The homeodomain-leucine zipper(HD-Zip)family has been shown to perform amultitude of functions during plant development and stress responses;however,the familymembers and functions have not been identified in apple(Malus×domestica).In this study,83 HD-Zips(MdHDZs)were identified in the apple genome.They were assembled into four subgroups according to the classification in Arabidopsis,where MdHDZs in the same subgroup had similar gene structures and conserved protein motifs.Putative cis-element analysis of MdHDZs promoter regions uncovered numerous elements related to the response of stress and plant hormones.In addition,twelve transcripts of the MdHDZs showed different expression patterns under salt,drought,low temperature and ABA stresses by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR(qRT-PCR)assay.To further explore the function of MdHDZs in apple,MdHDZ3 was selected to verify its function under salt,low temperature and ABA stresses;and genetic transformation was used to obtain MdHDZ3 transgenic apple calli.The results demonstrated that MdHDZ3 increased sensitivity to salt,low temperature and abscisic acid in apple calli,suggesting that MdHDZ3 plays an important role in response to stresses.Subcellular localization and three-dimensional structural analysis revealed that MdHDZ3 was a nuclear-localized protein.Taken together,these findings provide potential information for further identification of HD-Zip proteins in apple. | Quanyan Zhang Tao Chen Xun Wang Jiahui Wang Kaidi Gu Jianqiang Yu Dagang Hu Yujin Hao | 2022 | Horticultural Plant Journal2022，8，3： | 1 |
| 4 | A novel microRNA miR-MTCO3P38 inhibits malignant progression via STAT3/PTTG1/MYC in hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘To the Editor,Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a malignant tumor with the fourth highest incidence and the third highest mortality among all tumor sites in China.1 Finding new diagnostic markers and therapeutic molecules may be of great value in the treatment of HCC and the improvement of prognosis. | Deliang Guo Yang Gu Dong Ma Pengpeng Liu Baiyang Chen Zhisu Liu Ping Wu Quanyan Liu | 2022 | Genes & Diseases2022，9，4： | 1 |
| 5 | Processes of runoff in seasonally-frozen ground about a forested catchment of semiarid mountains显示文摘Climate warming increases the variability in runoff of semiarid mountains where seasonally-frozen ground is widely distributed.However,what is not well understood are the processes of runoff,hydrological drivers,and freeze-thaw cycles in seasonally-frozen ground in semiarid mountains.To understand how freeze-thaw cycles affect runoff processes in seasonally-frozen ground,we monitored hydrological processes in a typical headwater catchment with seasonally-frozen ground in Qilian Mountain,China,from 2002 to 2017.We analyzed the responses of runoff to temperature,precipitation,and seasonally-frozen ground to quantify process characteristics and driving factors.The results show that annual runoff was 88.5 mm accounting for 25.6%of rainfall,mainly concentrated in May to October,with baseflow of 36.44 mm.Peak runoff occurred in June,August,and September,i.e.,accounting for spring and summer floods.Runoff during the spring flood was produced by a mix of rainfall,melting snow,and melting seasonally-frozen ground,and had a significant correlation with air temperature.Runoff was mainly due to precipitation accumulation during the summer flood.Air temperature,average soil temperature at 0−50 cm depth,and frozen soil depth variable explained 59.60%of the variation of runoff in the thawing period,while precipitation variable explained 21.9%.Thawing-period runoff and soil temperature had a>0.6 correlation coefficient(P<0.05).In the rainfall-period,runoff was also affected by temperature,soil moisture,and precipitation,which explained 33.6%,34.1%and 18.1%,respectively.Our results show that increasing temperature and precipitation will have an irreversible impact on the hydrological regime in mountainous basins where seasonally-frozen ground is widely distributed. | PengFei Lin ZhiBin He Jun Du LongFei Chen Xi Zhu QuanYan Tian | 2020 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2020，12，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Meta-Transcriptome Profiling of Novel Invasive Pest Spodoptera frugiperda in Yunnan,China显示文摘Dear Editor,The fall army worm,Spodoptera frugiperda(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae),a highly agricultural destructive pest of cereals,is originally rampant in tropical and subtropical America(Kenis et al.2019).The caterpillars of this moth feed on more than 350 plant species(Harrison et al.2019),including several economically important cultivated grasses such as maize,rice,sorghum and sugarcane,severely threatening the food security(Cock et al.2017).Spodoptera frugiperda is recognized to comprise two morphologically identical but genetically distinct strains with different host range.The'rice strain^R strain,RS)is thought to preferentially feed on rice and various pasture grasses,while the‘com strain,(C strain,CS)on maize,cotton and sorghum(Juarez et al.2012).Unable to tolerate freezing temperature,S.frugiperda is seldom reported outside of America.However,since its first detection in Nigeria in 2016,several congruent reports from African countries about sudden and severe upsurges of S.frugiperda raised the alarm that S.frugiperda is continuously expanding their range to become truly threat(Goergen et al.2016). | Junming Shi Weiwei Li Yunyu Wang Quanyan Chen Fei Deng | 2020 | Virologica Sinica2020，35，2： | 0 |
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