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| 1 | Applying terahertz time-domain spectroscopy to probe the evolution of kerogen in close pyrolysis systems显示文摘Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) has been used to probe the evolutionary paths of kerogen in selected black mudstone. The evolutionary regime of kerogens (for instance, the immaturity, early maturity, middle maturity, late maturity, and catagenesis stages) can be indicated by the absorption coefficient in the THz region. The present study of identification based on THz-TDS was in good agreement with programmed pyrolysis experiments and suggests that THz technology can act as a nondestructive, contact-free tool for probing the ability to generate hydrocarbons from kerogens. | BAO RiMa WU ShiXiang ZHAO Kun ZHENG LunJu XU ChangHong | 2013 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2013，56，8： | 19 |
| 2 | Switchable dual-wavelength Q-switched fiber laser using multilayer black phosphorus as a saturable absorber显示文摘Black phosphorus(BP), with thickness-dependent direct energy bandgaps(0.3–2 eV), shows an enhanced nonlinear optical response at near-and mid-infrared wavelengths. In this paper, we present experimentally multilayer BP flakes coated on microfiber(BCM) as a saturable absorber with a modulation depth of 16% and a saturable intensity of 6.8 MW∕cm^2. After inserting BCM into an Er-doped fiber ring laser, a stable dual-wavelength Q-switched state with central wavelengths of 1542.4 nm and 1543.2 nm(with wavelength spacing as small as 0.8 nm) is obtained with the aid of two cascaded fiber Bragg gratings as a coarse wavelength selector.Moreover, single-wavelength Q-switched operation at 1542.4 nm or 1543.2 nm is also realized, which can be switched between the two wavelengths flexibly just by adjusting the intracavity birefringence. These results suggest that BP combined with the cascaded fiber gratings can provide a simple and feasible candidate for a multiwavelength fiber laser. Our fiber laser may have potential applications in terahertz generation, laser radar,and so on. | JUNMIN LIU Yu CHEN YING LI HAN ZHANG SHUIQIN ZHENG SHIXIANG Xu | 2018 | Photonics Research2018，6，3： | 8 |
| 3 | Phytotoxicity of four herbicides on Ceratophyllum demersum,Vallisneria natans and Elodea nuttallii显示文摘The physiological effects of 4 herbicides(butachlor,quinclorac,bensulfuron-methyl and atrazine) on 3 submerged macrophytes(Ceratophyllum demersum,Vallisneria natans and Elodea nuttallii) were tested in laboratory.The variables of the relative growth rate and the photosynthetic pigment content showed that all of the tested herbicides affected the growth of the plants obviously,even at the lowest concentration(0.0001 mg/L).Except for the C.demersum treated with quinclorac at 0.005 and 0.01 mg/L,the relative growth rates of the plants were inhibited significantly(p < 0.01).Statistical analysis of chlorophyll a(Chl-a) contents was carried out with both the t-test and one-way ANOVA to determine the difference between the treatment and control.The results showed that Chl-a contents of the plants in all treatment groups were affected by herbicides significantly,except for the C.demersum treated with bensulfuron-methyl at 0.0005 mg/L.The decrease in Chla content was positively correlated to the dosage of the herbicides in most treatment groups.It was suggested that herbicides in water bodies might potentially affect the growth of aquatic macrophytes.Since the Chl-a content of submerged macrophytes responded to the stress of herbicides sensitively and directly,it could be used as a biomaker in environmental monitoring or in the ecological risk assessment of herbicide contamination. | PAN Huiyun,LI Xiaolu,XU Xiaohua,GAO Shixiang State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse,School of the Environment,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China. | 2009 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2009，21，3： | 4 |
| 4 | Improved common-path spectral interferometer for single-shot terahertz detection显示文摘To seek high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) is critical but challenging for single-shot intense terahertz(THz)coherent detection. This paper presents an improved common-path spectral interferometer for single-shot THz detection with a single chirped pulse as the probe for THz electro-optic(EO) sampling. Here, the spectral interference occurs between the two orthogonal polarization components with a required relative time delay generated with only a birefringent plate after the EO sensor. Our experiments show that this interferometer can effectively suppress the noise usually suffered in a non-common-path interferometer. The measured single-shot SNR is up to 88.85, and the measured THz waveforms are independent of the orientation of the used Zn Te EO sensor, so it is easy to operate and the results are more reliable. These features mean that the interferometer is quite qualified for applications where strong THz pulses, usually with single-shot or low repetition rate, are indispensable. | SHUIQIN ZHENG QINGGANG LIN YI CAI XUANKE ZENG YING LI SHIXIANG XU JINGZHEN LI DIANYUAN FAN | 2018 | Photonics Research2018，6，3： | 4 |
| 5 | Effects of bile salts and divalent cations on the adsorption of norfloxacin by agricultural soils显示文摘The effects of bile salts(sodium cholate and sodium deoxycholate, 0–20 mmol/L), divalent cations(Ca2+, Mg2+, Cu2+and Zn2+, 0–20 mmol/L) or pH(3.0–10.0) on the adsorption of norfloxacin by three selected soils(Paddy H, Paddy G and Red J) were systematically studied. Soil adsorption of norfloxacin follows a pseudo second-order kinetics model, and the maximum adsorption capacity has been determined from the nonlinear fit of the Langmuir isotherm model to be 88.8, 88.1 and 63.0 μmol/g for the adsorption onto Paddy H, Paddy G and Red J, respectively. The results indicate that norfloxacin has a high adsorption affinity for the agricultural soils tested and that the organic content of these soils have at least a slight influence on this adsorption. The adsorption of norfloxacin to soils was strongly dependent on pH and exhibited a maximum at approximately pH 6. The presence of divalent cations prominently suppressed the adsorption of norfloxacin by paddy soils, which followed an order of Cu2+> Mg2+> Ca2+> Zn2+, and by red soil, which followed an order of Cu2+> Zn2+> Ca2+ > Mg2+. The adsorption of norfloxacin(by the soils studied) sharply decreased as the amount of bile salts was increased. For uncharged norfloxacin at environmentally relevant pH values, such factors as soil type, exogenous divalent cations and macromolecules significantly altered the environmental fate and transport of norfloxacin between aquatic and soil interfaces. | Xuesong Kong Shixiang Feng Xu Zhang Yan Li | 2014 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2014，26，4： | 2 |
| 6 | Generation and imaging of a tunable ultrafast intensity-rotating optical field with a cycle down to femtosecond region显示文摘A tunable ultrafast intensity-rotating optical field is generated by overlapping a pair of 20Hz,800 nm chirped pulses with a Michelson interferometer(MI).Its rotating rate can be up to 10 trillion radians per second(Trad/s),which can be flexibly tuned with a mirror in the MI.Besides,its fold rotational symmetry structure is also changeable by controlling the difference from the topological charges of the pulse pair.Experimentally,we have successfully developed a twopetal lattice with a tunable rotating speed from 3.9 Trad/s up to 11.9 Trad/s,which is confirmed by our single-shot ultrafast frame imager based on noncollinear optical-parametric amplification with its highest frame rate of 15 trillion frames per second(Tfps).This work is carried out at a low repetition rate.Therefore,it can be applied at relativistic,even ultrarelativistic,intensities,which usually operate in low repetition rate ultrashort and ultraintense laser systems.We believe that it may have application in laser-plasma-based accelerators,strong terahertz radiations and celestial phenomena. | Xuanke Zeng Shuiqin Zheng Yi Cai Hongyu Wang Xiaowei Lu Honggeng Wang Jingzhen Li Weixin Xie Shixiang Xu | 2020 | High Power Laser Science and Engineering2020，8，1： | 2 |
| 7 | Spatial distribution of planktonic ciliates in the western Pacifc Ocean: along the transect from Shenzhen (China) to Pohnpei (Micronesia)显示文摘Planktonic ciliates have been recognized as major consumers of nano-and picoplankton in pelagic ecosystems,playing pivotal roles in the transfer of matter and energy in the microbial loop.However,due to the difculties in identifcation,the species composition of ciliate assemblages,especially for the small,fragile,and naked species that usually dominate the ciliate communities in the oceanic waters,remains largely unknown.In the present study,22 stations along the transect from Shenzhen(China)to Pohnpei(Micronesia)were sampled for the enumeration of picoplankton and nanofagellates.In addition,pigment analysis of major phytoplankton groups along with the measurements of environmental variables including temperature,salinity,and nutrients were also carried out.Ciliates were identifed at species level using quantitative protargol stain to reveal the species composition and their distribution patterns from of-shore to open ocean.Ciliate abundance was positively correlated with phosphate,silicate,and pico-sized pigmented eukaryotes(PPEs),whereas the biomass was closely related with PPEs,heterotrophic nanofagellates,and chlorophytes.The combination of silicate and pigmented nanofagellates was identifed as the major factor driving the ciliate community composition.The close relationship between silicate and ciliate abundance and community structure needs further validation based on more data collected from oceanic waters.Our study showed the necessity of using techniques that can reveal the community composition at higher taxonomic resolutions in future studies on ciliates. | Hungchia Huang Jinpeng Yang Shixiang Huang Bowei Gu Ying Wang Lei Wang Nianzhi Jiao Dapeng Xu | 2021 | Marine Life Science & Technology2021，3，1： | 2 |
| 8 | Milliampere He^2+ beam generator using a compact GHz ECRIS显示文摘Multi-charged helium ion beam He2+ is useful for helium accelerator to obtain a higher energy with lower cost and for deuterium accelerator to avoid neutron activation during machine commissioning.An attempt to generate milliampere multi-charged helium He2+ion beam with a 2.45 GHz electron cyclotron resonance ion source(ECRIS) was tested recently.A design using a specfic permanent magnet 2.45 GHz ECRIS(PMECRIS) source(ERCIS) is reported and the He2+beam production ability is described.With this source,we produced a total helium beam of 40 mA at 40 kV with 180 W of net microwave power and a gas flow of less than 0.5 sccm.At steady state the He2+beam intensity is 4.4 mA,that being the fraction of multi-charged helium ion beam is at approximately 11%. | REN HaiTao PENG ShiXiang XU Yuan ZHAO Jie CHEN Jia ZHANG Tao ZHANG AiLin GUO ZhiYu CHEN JiaEr | 2013 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2013，56，10： | 2 |
| 9 | Experimental realization to efficiently sort vector beams by polarization topological charge via Pancharatnam–Berry phase modulation显示文摘This paper reports the experimental realization of efficiently sorting vector beams by polarization topological charge(PTC). The PTC of a vector beam can be defined as the repetition number of polarization state change along the azimuthal axis, while its sign stands for the rotating direction of the polarization. Here, a couple of liquid crystal Pancharatnam–Berry optical elements(PBOEs) have been used to introduce conjugated spatial phase modulations for two orthogonal circular polarization states. Applying these PBOEs in a 4-f optical system,our experiments show the setup can work for PTC sorting with a separation efficiency of more than 58%. This work provides an effective way to decode information from different PTCs, which may be interesting in many fields, especially in optical communication. | SHUIQIN ZHENG YING LI QINGGANG LIN XUANKE ZENG GUOLIANG ZHENG YI CAI ZHENKUAN CHEN SHIXIANG XU DIANYUAN FAN | 2018 | Photonics Research2018，6，5： | 2 |
| 10 | Plant growth and responses of antioxidants of Chenopodium album to long-term NaCl and KCl stress显示文摘 | Shixiang Yao Shasha Chen Dongsheng Xu Haiyan Lan | 2010 | Plant Growth Regulation2010，，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Forty-five terawatt vortex ultrashort laser pulses from a chirped-pulse amplification system显示文摘We report on a vortex laser chirped-pulse amplification(CPA)system that delivers pulses with a peak power of 45 TW.A focused intensity exceeding 1019 W/cm2 has been demonstrated for the first time by the vortex amplification scheme.Compared with other schemes of strong-field vortex generation with high energy flux but narrowband vortex-converting elements at the end of the laser,an important advantage of our scheme is that we can use a broadband but size-limited q-plate to realize broadband mode-converting in the front end of the CPA system,and achieve high-power amplification with a series of amplifiers.This method is low cost and can be easily implemented in an existing laser system.The results have verified the feasibility to obtain terawatt and even petawatt vortex laser amplification by a CPA system,which has important potential applications in strong-field laser physics,for example,generation of vortex particle beams with orbital angular momentum,fast ignition for inertial confinement fusion and simulation of the extreme astrophysical environment. | Zhenkuan Chen Shuiqin Zheng Xiaoming Lu Xinliang Wang Yi Cai Congying Wang Maijie Zheng Yuexia Ai Yuxin Leng Shixiang Xu Dianyuan Fan | 2022 | High Power Laser Science and Engineering2022，10，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Low-dimensional MXenes as noble metal-free co-catalyst for solar-to-fuel production:Progress and prospects显示文摘Direct conversion of solar energy into chemical fuels via semiconducting materials through photocatalytic technology is a sustainable way to tackle the global warming, environmental issue and energy crisis. Transition metal carbides and nitrides(MXenes), a newly emerging class of 2D layered materials, has gained tremendous attention as a noble metal-free co-catalyst for boosting photoreactivity due to its extraordinary characteristics like elemental abundance, excellent electrical conductivity, abundant surface functional groups, unique hydrophilic behavior and flexible modulation of chemical composition. The rational integration of low-dimensional MXenes in the form of 2D layered structures or 0D quantum dots with diverse semiconducting materials offer more versatile and robust heterostructured-photocatalysts that are applicable in solar fuel generation. Herein, we summarize the recent advances and achievements in the synthesis of low-dimensional MXenes and their application in hydrogen production from water splitting and CO_(2) photoreduction. A comprehensive discussion of the fundamentals for solar fuel production, synthesis strategies and theoretical calculations for MXenes-based photocatalysts are also given. Finally, the existing challenges and further perspectives of MXenes-based nanostructures for efficient solar fuel production are addressed. | Wanying Lei Tong Zhou Xin Pang Shixiang Xue Quanlong Xu | 2022 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2022，，19： | 1 |
| 13 | Paleo-sedimentary environmental restoration and its significance of Chang 7 Member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin,NW China显示文摘Paleo-sedimentary environment of Chang 7 Member of Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin, including the paleoclimate, paleo-salinity and paleo-redox conditions were restored through geochemical elements analysis of 289 samples collected from the outcrop sections around and wells drilled in the basin and using a series of identification indexes of paleo-climate, paleo-salinity and paleo-redox conditions, such as CaO/MgO?Al2 O3, Sr/Cu, Rb/Sr, Rb/K2 O, Th/U, V/(V+Ni), the content of element B tested from the mudstone. Comprehensive analysis shows that in sedimentary period of the Chang 7, the paleo-climate was warm temperate to subtropical climate with temperature higher than 15 ?C, the water body was continental brackish water to freshwater, and the sediments were deposited under strong reduction conditions. Suitable temperature, extensively deep lake basin and strongly reductive paleo-sedimentary environment led to the blooming, enrichment and preservation of organic matter in the submember Chang 73. As a result, a set of high-quality source rock was formed, laying material foundation for large-scale accumulation of shale oil. | FU Jinhua LI Shixiang XU Liming NIU Xiaobing | 2018 | Petroleum Exploration and Development2018，45，6： | 1 |
| 14 | 查看详情显示文摘 | Lu Shixiang Chen Yiling Xu Wenguo | | 0，，20： | 1 |
| 15 | Controlled growth of superhydrophobic films by sol–gel method on aluminum substrate显示文摘 | Shixiang Lu Yiling Chen Wenguo Xu Wei Liu | 2010 | Applied Surface Science2010，，20： | 1 |
| 16 | In vitro and in vivo control of Alternaria alternata in cherry to- mato by essential oil from Laurus nobilis of Chinese ori- gin显示文摘 | Shixiang Xu Fujie Yan Zhendan Ni | 2012 | Science of Chemical Industry2012，，： | 1 |
| 17 | Milliampere He2+ beam generator using a compact GHz ECRIS显示文摘 | Haitao Ren Shixiang Peng Yuan Xu Jie Zhao Jia Chen Tao Zhang Ailin Zhang Zhiyu Guo and Jiaer Chen | | SCIENCE CHINA Physics Mechanics & Astronomy 00，，： | 1 |
| 18 | Rho- dosporidium paludigenum induced resistance in Pon- kan mandarinagainst Penicillium digitatum requires ethylene-dependent signalingpathway 显示文摘 | Laifeng Lu Shixiang Xu Lizhen Zeng | 2014 | Posthar- vest Biology and Technology2014，97，： | 1 |
| 19 | Qi tong bi soup treatment of periarthritis of shoulder 80 patients显示文摘 | Xu Shixiang | 2004 | Chincse community physicians (com- prehensive)2004，，9： | 1 |
| 20 | Fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces on zinc substrates and their application as effective corrosion barriers显示文摘 | Tao Ning Wenguo Xu Shixiang Lu | 2011 | Applied Surface Science2011，，4： | 1 |
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