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| 1 | Biofeedback therapy for dyssynergic defecation显示文摘Dyssynergic defecation is one of the most common forms of functional constipation both in children and adults; it is defined by incomplete evacuation of fecal material from the rectum due to paradoxical contraction or failure to relax pelvic floor muscles when straining to defecate. This is believed to be a behavioral disorder because there are no associated morphological or neurological abnormalities, and consequently biofeedback training has been recommended for treatment. Biofeedback involves the use of pressure measurements or averaged electromyographic activity within the anal canal to teach patients how to relax pelvic floor muscles when straining to defecate. This is often combined with teaching the patient more appropriate techniques for straining (increasing intra-abdominal pressure) and having the patient practice defecating a water filled balloon. In adults, randomized controlled trials show that this form of biofeedback is more effective than laxatives, general muscle relaxation exercises (described as sham biofeedback), and drugs to relax skeletal muscles. Moreover, its effectiveness is specific to patients who have dyssynergic defecation and not slow transit constipation. However, in children, no clear superiority for biofeedback compared to laxatives has been demonstrated. Based on three randomized controlled studies in the last two years, biofeedback appears to be the preferred treatment for dyssynergic defecation in adults. | Giuseppe Chiarioni Steve Heymen William E Whitehead | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，44： | 44 |
| 2 | Breeding better cultivars,faster:applications of new technologies for the rapid deployment of superior horticultural tree crops显示文摘Woody perennial plants,including trees that produce fruits and nuts of horticultural value,typically have long breeding cycles,and development and introduction of improved cultivars by plant breeders may require many breeding cycles and dozens of years.However,recent advances in biotechnologies and genomics have the potential to accelerate cultivar development greatly in all crops.This mini-review summarizes approaches to reduce the number and the duration of breeding cycles for horticultural tree crops,and outlines the challenges that remain to implement these into efficient breeding pipelines. | Steve van Nocker Susan E Gardiner | 2014 | Horticulture Research2014，1，1： | 19 |
| 3 | Bortezomib Provides Effective Therapy for Antibody- and Cell-Mediated Acute Rejection显示文摘 | Matthew J. Everly Jason J. Everly Brian Susskind Paul Brailey Lois J. Arend Rita R. Alloway Prabir Roy-Chaudhury Amit Govil Gautham Mogilishetty Adele H. Rike Michael Cardi George Wadih Amit Tevar E Steve Woodle | 2008 | Transplantation2008，，12： | 2 |
| 4 | The classical risk model with a constant dividend Barrier: analysis of the Gerber-Shiu penalty function显示文摘 | Sheldon L X Gordon E W Steve D | 2003 | Insurance : Mathematics and Economics2003，33，3： | 1 |
| 5 | A role for glutamate decarboxylase during tomato ripening:the eharaeterisation of a cDNA encoding a putative glutamate decarboxylase with a calmodulin binding site 显示文摘 | PEDRO P G LEE W STEVE P DON G JULIE E G | 1995 | Plant Molecular Biology1995，27，6： | 1 |
| 6 | Detection of microcystins using electrospray ionization high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry显示文摘 | Kenneth Froese Steve E Hrudey | 2000 | Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom2000，14，： | 1 |
| 7 | Antimicrobial-resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolated from the Lebanese Environment显示文摘 | Steve H Hadi Y Mutasem E | 2006 | Marine Environmental Research2006，62，： | 1 |
| 8 | Surface properties and metathesis synthesis of block copolymers including perfluoroalkyl - ended polyethylenes 显示文摘 | STEVE J MCLAIN BRYAN B SAUER LAWERNCE E FIRMENT | 1996 | Macromolecules1996，29，25： | 1 |
| 9 | Smart bridges with fiber-optic sensors显示文摘 | Watkins Steve E | 2003 | Instrumentation&Measurement Magazine IEEE2003，6，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Reactive evaporation of low-defect density hafnia显示文摘 | Robert C Steve F Gary E L | 1993 | Applied Optics1993，32，28： | 1 |
| 11 | Interactive seismic facies classi- fication using textural attributes and neural networks 显示文摘 | Brian P W Steve R M John E E | 2002 | The Leading Edge2002，21，10： | 1 |
| 12 | Obesitygene variant and elite endurance performance显示文摘 | Moore Geoffrey E Shuldiner Alan R Zmuda J0seph M Ferrell Robert E Mccole Steve D Hagberg James M | 2001 | Metabolism Clinical and Experimental2001，50，12： | 1 |
| 13 | Smart Bridges With Fiber-optic Sensors显示文摘 | Steve E Watkins | 2003 | IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine2003，，6： | 1 |
| 14 | Characterizationof New itrosamines in Drinking Water Using LiquidChromatography andem Mass Spectrometry 显示文摘 | Zhao Yuan-yuan Boyd J Steve E | 2006 | Environ-mental Science & Technology2006，40，24： | 1 |
| 15 | Association Between SpecificAdipose Tissue CD4+ T-Cell Populations and Insulin Resistance inObese Individuals显示文摘 | Fabbrini E Celia M Steve A | 2013 | Gastroenterology2013，145，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Smart fiber-reinforced polymer rods featuring improved ductility and health monitoring capabilities显示文摘 | Belarbi A Watkins Steve E Chandrashekhara K | 2001 | Smart Material Structure2001，10，3： | 1 |
| 17 | A three-dimensional study of canal curvatures in the mesial roots of mandibular molars显示文摘 | Cunningham CJ Steve Senia E | 1992 | J Endodon1992，18，： | 1 |
| 18 | The effect of rapid thermal processing (RTP) on TiN coatings deposited by PVD and the steel-turning performance of coated cemen- ted carbide 显示文摘 | Anthoy J Perry J N Steve J Bull Dmitri I P Peter C R Trevor F P Daniel E G James T John J V Robert E D Vladinmir R Alexey B M | 1999 | Surface and Coatings Technology1999，120，121： | 1 |
| 19 | A Three-dimensional study of canal curvatures in the mesial roots of mandibular molars 显示文摘 | Cunningham CJ Steve Senia E | 1992 | J Endodon1992，18，： | 1 |
| 20 | Antimicrobial - resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from the Lebanese environment显示文摘 | Steve H Hadi Y Mutasem E | 2006 | Marine Environmental Research2006，62，： | 1 |
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