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| 1 | Drug research and development opportunities in low-and middle-income countries:accelerating traditional medicine through systematic utilization and comprehensive synergy显示文摘Background:Though the utilization of traditional medicine has been proposed for modern drug research and development(R&D),limited research has discussed its feasible paths.In this commentary,we summarized key factors for new drug R&D under limited resources by reviewing China’s discovery of artemisinin,and raised suggestions to utilize traditional medicines in low-and middle-income countries(LMICs).Main text:We suggested that systematic utilization of traditional medicine,outstanding synergy of research units at all levels and timely information-sharing mechanism should be achieved to establish a comprehensive and efficient R&D system,especially under low-resource settings.In the case of artemisinin discovery,Chinese scientists integrated documented traditional medicine experiences and modern approaches to develop drug candidates timely.Due to limited R&D resources,China adopted a collaborative way,motivating nearly all domestic research units at different levels,to develop antimalarial products.Moreover,the excellent synergy among all units through efficient information-sharing mechanisms greatly avoided work repetition and accelerated the R&D process.Conclusion:Traditional medicines inspires drug discoveries in LMICs,while a comprehensive and efficient R&D system could accelerate its R&D process and save investment.The discovery of artemisinin in China gave a reliable pattern to promote sustainable development of traditional medicines and a good example to realize R&D of traditional medicine under low-resource settings. | Guangqi Liu Yan Xie Yinuo Sun Kaixuan Zhang Jiyan Ma Yangmu Huang | 2022 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2022，11，2： | 1 |
| 2 | Priorities of China’s participation in global malaria elimination:the perspective of malaria endemic countries显示文摘Background:Malaria is one of the major diseases afecting global health,while progress in malaria control and elimination has stagnated in some endemic countries.China has been certifcated malaria free by World Health Organization in 2021,and will get more involved on global malaria elimination.Further discussion is needed on how to collaborate with the malaria endemic countries and provide efective help.This study was to investigate the perceptions of malaria endemic countries on China’s contribution to global malaria elimination and to lay a foundation for further action.Methods:Semi-structured interviews were conducted with key informants including national malaria project managers and technicians from malaria endemic countries.Thematic framework approach was used to analyze the data.Results:Malaria endemic countries now face challenges in insufcient funds,technique,products,public health systems and inadequacy of international assistance.They hold a positive attitude towards cooperation with China and identifed experience and technique exchange,personnel training,system building and scientifc research cooperation as prioritized areas.Conclusions:China could make full use of its own advantages in technique transfer,health system improvement,information system construction,and health human resource training and take an active part in global malaria elimination. | Yan Xie Jie Wang Yinuo Sun Xuedan Ke Zheng Xie Jun Cao Yangmu Huang | 2022 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2022，11，2： | 0 |
| 3 | Decoding the spatiotemporal regulation of transcription factors during human spinal cord development显示文摘The spinal cord is a crucial component of the central nervous system that facilitates sensory processing and motor performance.Despite its importance,the spatiotemporal codes underlying human spinal cord development have remained elusive.In this study,we have introduced an image-based single-cell transcription factor(TF)expression decoding spatial transcriptome method(TF-seqFISH)to investigate the spatial expression and regulation of TFs during human spinal cord development.By combining spatial transcriptomic data from TF-seqFISH and single-cell RNA-sequencing data,we uncovered the spatial distribution of neural progenitor cells characterized by combinatorial TFs along the dorsoventral axis,as well as the molecular and spatial features governing neuronal generation,migration,and differentiation along the mediolateral axis.Notably,we observed a sandwich-like organization of excitatory and inhibitory interneurons transiently appearing in the dorsal horns of the developing human spinal cord.In addition,we integrated data from 10×Visium to identify early and late waves of neurogenesis in the dorsal horn,revealing the formation of laminas in the dorsal horns.Our study also illuminated the spatial differences and molecular cues underlying motor neuron(MN)diversification,and the enrichment of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis(ALS)risk genes in MNs and microglia.Interestingly,we detected disease-associated microglia(DAM)-like microglia groups in the developing human spinal cord,which are predicted to be vulnerable to ALS and engaged in the TYROBP causal network and response to unfolded proteins.These findings provide spatiotemporal transcriptomic resources on the developing human spinal cord and potential strategies for spinal cord injury repair and ALS treatment. | Yingchao Shi Luwei Huang Hao Dong Meng Yang Wenyu Ding Xiang Zhou Tian Lu Zeyuan Liu Xin Zhou Mengdi Wang Bo Zeng Yinuo Sun Suijuan Zhong Bosong Wang Wei Wang Chonghai Yin Xiaoqun Wang Qian Wu | 2024 | Cell Research2024，34，3： | 0 |
| 4 | Structural basis of Semliki Forest virus entry using the very-low-density lipoprotein receptor显示文摘Alphaviruses are a group of important viruses that cause significant diseases in humans.Among them,Semliki Forest vi-rus(SFV)not only causes symptoms such as joint pain but also infects neuron cells and induces encephalitis in rodents.Recently,the very-low-density lipoprotein receptor(VLDLR)was identified as the cellular receptor for SFV entry.In this study,we present the cryo-electron microscopy structure of SFV bound to human VLDLR.VLDLR targets E1-DIII region of SFV using its membrane-distal LDLR class A(LA)repeats.Structural and functional analyses emphasize the synergistic role of multiple VLDLR repeats in the SFV entry.Remarkably,VLDLR’s binding mode to SFV closely mirrors that of minor group human rhinoviruses but differs significantly from other alphaviruses’interactions with receptors in the canyon re-gion of the E protein.We also assessed SFV binding to VLDLR or apolipoprotein E receptor 2(ApoER2)proteins in horses and mosquitoes and revealed their use of multiple but different LA repeats for binding.Our findings illuminate SFV’s cross-species infectivity,offering insights into potential antiviral strategies against alphavirus infections. | Ying Li Zhennan Zhao Sheng Liu Haichen Wang Junqing Sun Yan Chai Jingya Zhou Yinuo Wang Yi Shi Hao Song George Fu Gao | 2023 | hLife2023，1，2： | 0 |
| 5 | Single-nucleus transcriptomic profiling of multiple organs in a rhesus macaque model of SARS-CoV-2 infection显示文摘Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) causes diverse clinical manifestations and tissue injuries in multiple organs.However, cellular and molecular understanding of SARS-CoV-2 infection-associated pathology and immune defense features in different organs remains incomplete. Here, we profiled approximately 77 000single-nucleus transcriptomes of the lung, liver,kidney, and cerebral cortex in rhesus macaques(Macaca mulatta) infected with SARS-CoV-2 and healthy controls. Integrated analysis of the multiorgan dataset suggested that the liver harbored the strongest global transcriptional alterations. We observed prominent impairment in lung epithelial cells, especially in AT2 and ciliated cells, and evident signs of fibrosis in fibroblasts. These lung injury characteristics are similar to those reported in patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Furthermore, we found suppressed MHC class I/II molecular activity in the lung, inflammatory response in the liver, and activation of the kynurenine pathway,which induced the development of an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Analysis of the kidney dataset highlighted tropism of tubule cells to SARS-CoV-2, and we found membranous nephropathy(an autoimmune disease) caused by podocyte dysregulation. In addition, we identified the pathological states of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes in the cerebral cortex, providing molecular insights into COVID-19-related neurological implications. Overall, our multi-organ single-nucleus transcriptomic survey of SARS-CoV-2-infected rhesus macaques broadens our understanding of disease features and antiviral immune defects caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection,which may facilitate the development of therapeutic interventions for COVID-19. | Qiang Ma Wenji Ma Tian-Zhang Song Zhaobo Wu Zeyuan Liu Zhenxiang Hu Jian-Bao Han Ling Xu Bo Zeng Bosong Wang Yinuo Sun Dan-Dan Yu Qian Wu Yong-Gang Yao Yong-Tang Zheng Xiaoqun Wang | 2022 | Zoological Research2022，43，6： | 0 |
| 6 | Efcient soluble PTCBI‑type non‑fullerene acceptor materials for organic solar cells显示文摘Single perylene diimide(PDI)used as a non-fullerene acceptor(NFA)in organic solar cells(OSCs)is enticing because of its low cost and excellent stability.To improve the photovoltaic performance,it is vital to narrow the bandgap and regulate the stacking behavior.To address this challenge,we synthesize soluble perylenetetracarboxylic bisbenzimidazole(PTCBI)molecules with a bulky side chain at the bay region,by replacing the widely used“swallow tail”type alkyl chains at the imide position of PDI molecules with a planar benzimidazole structure.Compared with PDI molecules,PTCBI molecules exhibit red-shifted UV–vis absorption spectra with larger extinction coefcient,and one magnitude higher electron mobility.Finally,OSCs based on one soluble PTCBI-type NFA,namely MAS-7,exhibit a champion power conversion efciency(PCE)of 4.34%,which is signifcantly higher than that of the corresponding PDI-based OSCs and is the highest PCE of PTCBI-based OSCs reported.These results highlight the potential of soluble PTCBI derivatives as NFAs in OSCs. | Xiang Gao Fengbo Sun Xinzhu Tong Xufan Zheng Yinuo Wang Cong Xiao Pengcheng Li Renqiang Yang Xunchang Wang Zhitian Liu | 2023 | Frontiers of Optoelectronics2023，16，2： | 0 |
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